Estandarización y verificación de la determinación de colesterol en leche y sus derivados por cromatografía de gases - FID

Las concentraciones elevadas de colesterol en la sangre son perjudiciales para la salud porque causan enfermedades cardiovasculares, por lo tanto hoy en día se ha vuelto indispensable para los productores y consumidores de alimentos, con contenido de grasas saturadas, conocer el contenido y/o concentración de colesterol, además de que es un requisito exigido por la resolución 0288 de 2008 expedida por el Ministerio de Protección Social (Rotulado y etiquetado), [5]; el objetivo principal del estudio fue estandarizar y verificar un método de cuantificación de colesterol en leche y sus derivados, en la Escuela de Química de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, usando la técnica de cromatografía de gases (CG) con detector FID.La cromatografía de gases, es una técnica de gran sensibilidad, exactitud, además, es una técnica analítica útil en la separación, identificación y cuantificación de compuestos. Se estandarizó la técnica de cromatografía de gases empleando un estándar de colesterol (Colesterol al 95% GC, marca Sigma, C 8503-25 G, CAS 57-88-5), calculando los parámetros estadísticos necesarios, como lo son la precisión, linealidad, limite de detección y limite de cuantificación, sensibilidad y rango de linealidad; logrando valores aceptables de estas medidas, indicando que la técnica es confiable, repetible y reproducible, para el análisis de productos lácteos, cárnicos y huevo. Como muestras reales se utilizaron diferentes tipos de leches (cruda, entera, pasteurizada, semidescremada, y descremada), algunos derivados de la leche (mantequilla, kumis y queso) y otras muestras como salchicha, huevo y chicharrón, que aunque no estaban dentro de los alimentos planteados para el análisis fueron de interés para demostrar que el método era óptimo, para realizar el análisis en otros alimentos que contienen colesterol y son de gran consumo; las muestra utilizadas en el estudio se consiguieron en supermercados a excepción de la leche cruda y la mantequilla que eran provenientes de la finca la Siria ubicada en el corregimiento de Villa Rodas – Valle del Cauca. Las muestras fueron analizadas después de que la técnica fue estandarizada y verificada, posteriormente de que cada una fue extraída, obteniéndose que la muestra de mayor contenido y/o concentración de colesterol es el huevo con 511mg por cada 100 g y la de menor fue la leche descremada con 6 mg por cada 100 g. La verificación del método fue ejecutada después de que este fue estandarizado. Mediante la verificación se logro establecer y confirmar que el método cumple con los parámetros y requisitos necesarios para realizar la determinación de colesterol en leche y derivados, así como en otros alimentos

Perfiles cromatográficos preliminares por GC-MS de algunas especies de plantas melastomatáceas

En este trabajo se presenta la determinación de los perfiles quimitaxonómicos de 11 especies de plantas melastomatáceas en fase orgánica. Las fracciones fueron analizadas por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas por ionización electrónica (CG-EM/IE), puntualizando compuestos como terpenoides, hidrocarburos saturados e insaturados, compuestos oxigenados y esteroides de valor quimitaxonómico, con el fin de clasificar estas especies según sus metabolitos secundarios.This work presents the determination of the chemotaxonomic profiles of 11 species of melastomataceous plants in organic phase. The fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry by electronic ionization (GC-MS/EI), emphasizing substances of chemotaxonomic value, like terpenoids, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, oxygenated substances and steroids, in order to classify these species according to their secondary metabolites

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

La metáfora en terapia familiar: autores de referencia, uso y aportes a la práctica terapéutica

Resumen El presente artículo contiene una revisión documental sobre las construcciones terapéuticas y conceptuales de la metáfora en la terapia familiar. El enfoque utilizado fue cualitativo con modalidad estado del arte. La técnica elegida fue el rastreo documental, a partir de la cual se analizaron 45 documentos alusivos a este tema. Se construyeron tres categorías: 1) autores de continua referenciación; 2), uso de la metáfora; y 3), proceso de construcción de la metáfora desde los terapeutas y los consultantes. Los resultados de esta búsqueda apuntan a que la metáfora permite la apertura de las emociones, se constituye como una herramienta que sirve de trampolín lingüístico y promueve la resignificación de situaciones complejas para el consultante

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2021), 47, 2, (160-169), 10.1007/s00134-020-06234-9)

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The members of the ESICM Trials Group Collaborators were not shown in the article but only in the ESM. The full list of collaborators is shown below. The original article has been corrected