Fiabilitat de les proves de força en salt vertical i velocitat de cursa en escolars de 6 a 8 anys

L'objectiu del present estudi va ser determinar la fiabilitat de diverses proves de salt vertical i de cursa ràpida en escolars de 6 a 8 anys. Van participar 56 subjectes de tots dos sexes (30 nenes i 26 nens), d'edats compreses entre 6 i 8 anys, seleccionats aleatòriament entre els d'un mateix centre escolar, als quals es va administrar una bateria de proves de força de salt vertical sobre plataforma de contactes (SJ, CMJ, CMJA i 1RJ) i de cursa ràpida (30 m) en dues ocasions (T1 i T2), amb una setmana d'interval entre totes dues. Es va estudiar la reproductibilitat entre repeticions (variabilitat intraindividual) per a cada una de les dues sessions de valoració (T1, T2) i la variabilitat temporal (entre T1 i T2), mitjançant el càlcul de diferents estadístics (coeficient de variació, CV; coeficient de correlació intraclasse, CCI; error metòdic, EM) i de la seva significació estadística. La reproductibilitat entre repeticions de les proves de salt vertical CMJ i 1RJ es va demostrar elevada (CCI ³ 0,95) en ambdues sessions. En la segona sessió de valoració també ho va ser la reproductibilitat d'SJ, mentre que CMJA es va mantenir a nivells inacceptables (CCI = 0,69-0,80). La variabilitat entre subjectes es va mostrar força més elevada que en estudiants d'educació física adults (CV = 8,3-11,8%). La reproductibilitat temporal (dia a dia, entre dues sessions separades per una setmana) de les proves pot considerar-se qüestionable en termes generals; s'hi observa un elevat error metòdic (EM = 9,9-15,1%) i un empitjorament significatiu dels resultats en la segona sessió en les proves de salt amb contramoviment (CMJ i CMJA) i de cursa ràpida de 30 m (p £ 0,05). D'acord amb els resultats, es proposen algunes mesures conduents a la millora de la fiabilitat de les proves

Fiabilidad de las pruebas de fuerza en salto vertical y velocidad de carrera en escolares de 6 a 8 años

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la fiabilidad de diversas pruebas de salto vertical y de carrera rápida en escolares de 6 a 8 años. Participaron 56 sujetos de ambos sexos (30 niñas y 26 niños), de edades comprendidas entre 6 y 8 años, seleccionados aleatoriamente entre los de un mismo centro escolar, a los que se administró una batería de pruebas de fuerza de salto vertical sobre plataforma de contactos (SJ, CMJ, CMJA y 1RJ) y de carrera rápida (30 m) en dos ocasiones (T1 y T2), con una semana de intervalo entre ambas. Se estudió la reproducibilidad entre repeticiones (variabilidad intraindividual) para cada una de las dos sesiones de valoración (T1, T2) y la variabilidad temporal (entre T1 y T2), mediante el cálculo de diferentes estadísticos (coeficiente de variación, CV; coeficiente de correlación intraclase, CCI; error metódico, EM) y de su significación estadística. La reproducibilidad entre repeticiones de las pruebas de salto vertical CMJ y 1RJ se demostró elevada (CCI 0,95) en ambas sesiones. En la segunda sesión de valoración también lo fue la reproducibilidad de SJ, mientras que CMJA se mantuvo en niveles inaceptables (CCI = 0,69-0,80). La variabilidad entre sujetos se mostró bastante más elevada que en estudiantes de educación física adultos (CV = 8,3-11,8 %). La reproducibilidad temporal (día a día, entre dos sesiones separadas por una semana) de las pruebas puede considerarse cuestionable en términos generales, observándose un elevado error metódico (EM = 9,9-15,1 %) y un empeoramiento significativo de los resultados en la segunda sesión en las pruebas de salto con contramovimiento (CMJ y CMJA) y de carrera rápida de 30 m (p 0,05). En función de los resultados se proponen algunas medidas conducentes a la mejora de la fiabilidad de las pruebas

Convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG index with the EQ-5D-3L in people cared for in primary health care

Background The Frail-VIG frailty index has been developed recently. It is an instrument with a multidimensional approach and a pragmatic purpose that allows rapid and efficient assessment of the degree of frailty in the context of clinical practice. Our aim was to investigate the convergent and discriminative validity of the Frail-VIG frailty index with regard to EQ-5D-3L value. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional study in two Primary Health Care (PHC) centres of the Catalan Institute of Health (Institut Català de la Salut), Barcelona (Spain) from February 2017 to January 2019. Participants in the study were all people included under a home care programme during the study period. No exclusion criteria were applied. We used the EQ-5D-3L to measure Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and the Frail-VIG index to measure frailty. Trained PHC nurses administered both instruments during face-to-face assessments in a participant's home during usual care. The relationships between both instruments were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses. Results Four hundred and twelve participants were included in this study. Frail-VIG score and EQ-5D-3L value were negatively correlated (r = − 0.510; P < 0.001). Non-frail people reported a substantially better HRQoL than people with moderate and severe frailty. EQ-5D-3L value declined significantly as the Frail-VIG index score increased. Conclusions Frail-VIG index demonstrated a convergent validity with the EQ-5D-3L value. Its discriminative validity was optimal, as their scores showed an excellent capacity to differentiate between people with better and worse HRQoL. These findings provide additional pieces of evidence for construct validity of the Frail-VIG index

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Profiles of Frailty among Older People Users of a Home-Based Primary Care Service in an Urban Area of Barcelona (Spain): An Observational Study and Cluster Analysis

Background: The multidimensional assessment of frailty allows stratifying it into degrees; however, there is still heterogeneity in the characteristics of people in each stratum. The aim of this study was to identify frailty profiles of older people users of a home-based primary care service. Methods: We carried out an observational study from January 2018 to January 2021. Participants were all people cared for a home-based primary care service. We performed a cluster analysis by applying a k-means clustering technique. Cluster labeling was determined with the 22 variables of the Frail-VIG index, age, and sex. We computed multiple indexes to assess the optimal number of clusters, and this was selected based on a clinical assessment of the best options. Results: Four hundred and twelve participants were clustered into six profiles. Three of these profiles corresponded to a moderate frailty degree, two to a severe frailty degree and one to a mild frailty degree. In addition, almost 75% of the participants were clustered into three profiles which corresponded to mild and moderate degree of frailty. Conclusions: Different profiles were found within the same degree of frailty. Knowledge of these profiles can be useful in developing strategies tailored to these differentiated care needs

Multidimensional instruments with an integral approach to identify frailty in community-dwelling people: protocol for a systematic psychometric review

Introduction An increasing number of investigations highlight the complex nature of frailty; therefore, the use of multidimensional assessment instruments could be useful in clinical decision-making. Frail people are found mainly in the community setting which is why this is the ideal environment for early screening and intervention. For this purpose, it is necessary to have valid, time-effective and easy-to-use frailty assessment instruments. The aim of this review is to critically appraise, compare and summarise the quality of the measurement properties of all multidimensional instruments with an integral approach to identify frailty in community-dwelling people. Methods and analysis Medline, Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) will be searched from their inception dates. We will also conduct searches in databases of grey literature. No limits will be applied for language. A highly sensitive validated search filter will be used for finding studies on measurement properties. An additional search including the names of the instruments found in the initial search will also be undertaken. Studies aiming at the development of a measurement instrument, the evaluation of one or more measurement properties or the evaluation of its interpretability will be included. The instrument should have an integral approach (physical, psychological and social) and it should measure all three domains. The context of use should be a community setting. Two reviewers independently will screen the references and assess the risk of bias by consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments checklist. To assess the overall evidence for the measurement properties of the identified instruments, the results of the different studies, adjusted for their methodological quality, will be combined. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval and patient consent are not required as this is a psychometric review based on published studies. The results of this review will be disseminated at conferences and published in an international peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019120212

Desarrollo y evaluación de competencias para el ejercicio profesional farmacéutico en entornos simulados

Publicado dentro del libro "Innovación Docente Universitaria en Entornos de Aprendizaje Enriquecido" como resultado de las "V Jornadas de Redes de Investigación en Innovación Docente" organizadas por la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) 2012.Introducción y Objetivos: El objetivo del trabajo ha sido realizar actividades prácticas en sus contextos profesionales simulados, dirigidas a desarrollar competencias para: comunicación con el paciente, difusión de resultados científicos y realización de actividades de garantía de calidad. Resultados/desarrollo. Se han impartido prácticas de cinco asignaturas del Grado y Posgrado de Farmacia en la isla USALPHARMA del mundo virtual Second Life® (SL), durante los dos últimos cursos. Los entornos virtuales utilizados han sido: una Oficina de Farmacia, un laboratorio de la Industria Farmacéutica y espacios para presentación de comunicaciones a Congresos. Las prácticas han permitido conseguir los objetivos docentes específicos de cada asignatura. Se ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de entrenar a los estudiantes en competencias profesionales para aplicar en situaciones reales los conocimientos adquiridos. La valoración del alumnado de esta innovadora herramienta ha sido muy satisfactoria. Conclusión: Los mundos virtuales son una herramienta muy útil para el desarrollo de competencias en entornos profesionales, pudiendo interaccionar profesores y estudiantes desde cualquier lugar

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation. A proof of concept study

Background: Identification of effective treatments in severe cases of COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation represents an unmet medical need. Our aim was to determine whether the administration of adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AT-MSC) is safe and potentially useful in these patients. Methods: Thirteen COVID-19 adult patients under invasive mechanical ventilation who had received previous antiviral and/or anti-inflammatory treatments (including steroids, lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine and/or tocilizumab, among others) were treated with allogeneic AT-MSC. Ten patients received two doses, with the second dose administered a median of 3 days (interquartile range-IQR- 1 day) after the first one. Two patients received a single dose and another patient received 3 doses. Median number of cells per dose was 0.98 × 106 (IQR 0.50 × 106) AT-MSC/kg of recipient's body weight. Potential adverse effects related to cell infusion and clinical outcome were assessed. Additional parameters analyzed included changes in imaging, analytical and inflammatory parameters. Findings: First dose of AT-MSC was administered at a median of 7 days (IQR 12 days) after mechanical ventilation. No adverse events were related to cell therapy. With a median follow-up of 16 days (IQR 9 days) after the first dose, clinical improvement was observed in nine patients (70%). Seven patients were extubated and discharged from ICU while four patients remained intubated (two with an improvement in their ventilatory and radiological parameters and two in stable condition). Two patients died (one due to massive gastrointestinal bleeding unrelated to MSC therapy). Treatment with AT-MSC was followed by a decrease in inflammatory parameters (reduction in C-reactive protein, IL-6, ferritin, LDH and d-dimer) as well as an increase in lymphocytes, particularly in those patients with clinical improvement. Interpretation: Treatment with intravenous administration of AT-MSC in 13 severe COVID-19 pneumonia under mechanical ventilation in a small case series did not induce significant adverse events and was followed by clinical and biological improvement in most subjects. Funding: None.We would like to acknowledge the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project “RD16/0011: Red de Terapia Celular”, from the sub-program RETICS, integrated in the “Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016” and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund “A way to make Europe”, groups RD16/0011/0001, -/0002, -/005, -/0013, -/0015, -/0029), the Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León, Spain and AvanCell-CM (Red de Investigación de Terapia Celular de la Comunidad de Madrid, Spain), for supporting some personnel and networking activities

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Clave preliminar de las escamas de los peces de agua dulce de España, a nivel de familiaExito reproductor del Buitre leonado (Gyps fulvus) en NavarraAlimentación del Gavilán (Accipiter nisus) en la Isla de TenerifeEl Verdecillo (Serinus serinus): Tendencias en la estación de nidificación, en el tamaño del huevo y en la supervivencia.las batidas como método de censo en especiesde caza mayor: aplicación al caso del Jabalí (Sus scrofa L.) en la provincia de Burgos (Norte de España)La adquisición de madurez sexual en el camaleón común (Chamaeleo chamaeleon)Nuevas citas de Hemidactylus turcicus en la provincia de CáceresLa focha común (Fulica atra) en la isla de Gran Canaria: nueva especie nidificante en el archipiélago CanarioTraslado de huevos en incubación por la urraca (Pica pica)Predación de Falco peregrinus sobre Oryctolagus cuniculusCuatro nuevas especies de aves para Bolivia.Sobre la utilización de nidos de golondrina común abandonados.Parasitismo múltiple del críalo (Clamator glandarius)Predación del topo de rio (Galemys pyrenaicus, Geoffroy 1811) por parte de la lechuza común (Tyto alba, Scopoli 1769)Predación del zorro (Vulpes vulpes) sobre un pollo de buitre leonado (Gyps fulvus).Vulpes vulpes L. criando en una colonia de marmota (Marmota marmota L.) en el pirineo de LéridaObservaciones sobre la incidencia de Rattus (Fischer, 1803) en los cultivos ibéricos de caña de azúcaSituación actual de la jutiita de la tierra Capromys sanfelipensis (Rodentia, Mammalia)Notas sobre la intraducción y expansión de la ardilla común en Sierra Nevada, sureste de EspañaPeer reviewe

The impact from survey depth and resolution on the morphological classification of galaxies

We consistently analyse for the first time the impact of survey depth and spatial resolution on the most used morphological parameters for classifying galaxies through non-parametric methods: Abraham and Conselice-Bershady concentration indices, Gini, M20moment of light, asymmetry, and smoothness. Three different non-local data sets are used, Advanced Large Homogeneous Area Medium Band Redshift Astronomical (ALHAMBRA) and Subaru/XMMNewton Deep Survey (SXDS, examples of deep ground-based surveys), and Cosmos Evolution Survey (COSMOS, deep space-based survey). We used a sample of 3000 local, visually classified galaxies, measuring their morphological parameters at their real redshifts (z ~ 0). Then we simulated them to match the redshift and magnitude distributions of galaxies in the non-local surveys. The comparisons of the two sets allow us to put constraints on the use of each parameter for morphological classification and evaluate the effectiveness of the commonly used morphological diagnostic diagrams. All analysed parameters suffer from biases related to spatial resolution and depth, the impact of the former being much stronger. When including asymmetry and smoothness in classification diagrams, the noise effects must be taken into account carefully, especially for ground-based surveys. M20 is significantly affected, changing both the shape and range of its distribution at all brightness levels. We suggest that diagnostic diagrams based on 2-3 parameters should be avoided when classifying galaxies in ground-based surveys, independently of their brightness; for COSMOS they should be avoided for galaxies fainter than F814 = 23.0. These results can be applied directly to surveys similar to ALHAMBRA, SXDS and COSMOS, and also can serve as an upper/lower limit for shallower/deeper ones.MP acknowledge financial support from JAE-Doc programme of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), co-funded by the European Social Fund. This research was supported by the Junta de Andalucia through project TIC114, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through projects AYA2010-15169, AYA2013-42227-P, and AYA2013-43188-P.Peer Reviewe