Trust Management within Virtual Communities: Adaptive and Socially-Compliant Trust Model

21 pagesRecent years have witnessed increasing interest of people in sharing, collaborating and interacting in many different ways among new social structures called Virtual Communities (VC). They represent aggrega- tions of entities with common interests, goals, practices or values. VCs are particularly complex environments wherein trust became, rapidly, a prerequisite for the decision-making process, and where traditional trust establishment techniques are regularly challenged. In our work we are considering how individual and collective trust policies can be managed, adapted and combined. To this aim, we propose an Adaptive and Socially-Compliant Trust Management System (ASC-TMS) based on multi-agent technologies. In this framework, policies are used as concrete implementations of trust models in order to specify both (i) user-centred (i.e. personal) and community-centred (i.e. collective) trust requirements. Agents are used to manage and combine these different policies in a decentralized and flexible way. We describe the functionalities and the architecture that supports them and discuss also a prototype implementation

Gestion de la confiance et intégration des exigences sociales au sein de communautés virtuelles

http://www.emse.fr/~picard/publications/yaich11jfsma.pdfInternational audienceLa confiance est devenue un facteur clé des processus de décision au sein de communautés virtuelles. Le caractère ouvert et décentralisé de ces environnements couplés à leur dimension sociale défient les mécanismes actuelles de gestion de la confiance. Notamment pour ce qui concerne la gestion et l'intégration des exigences de confiance des utilisateurs et ceux de leurs communautés. Afin de répondre à ce problème, nous proposons SC-TMS, un système de gestion de la confiance adaptatif basé sur le principe de conformité sociale [4]. En nous appuyant sur les technologies multi-agents, des politiques de confiance sont utilisées pour spécifier à la fois les modèles de confiance centrés utilisateur et les modèles centrés communauté. Les agents y sont utilisés pour gérer et combiner ces différentes politiques de manière flexible et décentralisée. Nous décrivons les fonctionnalités et l'architecture qui les mettent en oeuvre et discutons de leur implémentation

Runtime Code Polymorphism as a Protection against Physical Attacks

International audienceWe present a generic framework for runtime code polymorphism,applicable to a large class of computing platforms up to embeddedsystems with low computing resources (e.g. microcontrollers withfew kilo-bytes of memory). Code polymorphism is dened as the abilityto change the observable behaviour of a software component withoutchanging its functional properties. In our framework, code polymorphismis achieved thanks to runtime code generation, which oers many leversfor code transformations: we describe the use of random register allocation,random instruction selection, instruction shuing and insertion ofnoise instructions.We evaluate the eectiveness of our framework againstdierential power analysis and its overhead impact. As compared to areference implementation of AES where the cipher key could be recoveredby DPA in less than 50 traces in average, in our implementation thekey cipher could not be extracted after 10000 traces. Our experimentalevaluation shows a moderate impact in terms of performance overhead

Annotating genomes with massive-scale RNA sequencing

A method for de novo genome annotation using high-throughput cDNA sequencing data

Comparative genomics reveals new functional insights in uncultured MAST species

Heterotrophic lineages of stramenopiles exhibit enormous diversity in morphology, lifestyle, and habitat. Among them, the marine stramenopiles (MASTs) represent numerous independent lineages that are only known from environmental sequences retrieved from marine samples. The core energy metabolism characterizing these unicellular eukaryotes is poorly understood. Here, we used single-cell genomics to retrieve, annotate, and compare the genomes of 15 MAST species, obtained by coassembling sequences from 140 individual cells sampled from the marine surface plankton. Functional annotations from their gene repertoires are compatible with all of them being phagocytotic. The unique presence of rhodopsin genes in MAST species, together with their widespread expression in oceanic waters, supports the idea that MASTs may be capable of using sunlight to thrive in the photic ocean. Additional subsets of genes used in phagocytosis, such as proton pumps for vacuole acidification and peptidases for prey digestion, did not reveal particular trends in MAST genomes as compared with nonphagocytotic stramenopiles, except a larger presence and diversity of V-PPase genes. Our analysis reflects the complexity of phagocytosis machinery in microbial eukaryotes, which contrasts with the well-defined set of genes for photosynthesis. These new genomic data provide the essential framework to study ecophysiology of uncultured species and to gain better understanding of the function of rhodopsins and related carotenoids in stramenopiles