X-ray structures of dinuclear copper(I) and polynuclear copper(II) complexes with the 2,4-bis(cyanamido)cyclobutane-1,3-dione dianion

From the 2,4-bis(cyanamido)cyclobutane-1,3-dione dianion (2,4-NCNsq2−), two copper complexes [Cu2(PPh3)4(PhCN)2(μ-2,4-NCNsq)] · PhCN (1) and [Cu(dien)(μ-2,4-NCNsq) · H2O]n (2) have been synthesized and characterized by IR and electronic absorption spectroscopies. Their structures have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Complex 1 is a dinuclear copper(I) compound with a 2,4-NCNsq2− ligand bridging two copper atoms through the nitrile nitrogen atoms. Complex 2 appears as a 3D network constituted of copper(II) atoms bridged by 2,4-NCNsq2− dianions. This complex presents an unexpected coordination mode of the bis(cyanamido) ligands which are both coordinated via the nitrile functions and via the amido nitrogen atoms of the NCN groups

Cultural digital para introducir la transición socioecológica: el ejemplo del barrio Fontaine d’Ouche en la ciudad de Dijón

Problematica: In the socio-ecological transition context, to observe and analyse resilience within consumption’s phenomemoms and issues Campo de investigacion: Inhabitants’ resilience in « working class » districts in the city Una hypothesa controversaria: In the cities, the working-class districts are better preapered to resilience than the others (for exemple the « eco-districts ») (Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

L’enchevêtrement des territoires numériques inter-intranet

La croissance généralisée des pratiques numériques des salariés amène à examiner la formation de nouvelles tensions techno-politiques inhérentes à la cohabitation des intranets d’entreprise et des espaces internet. A partir de certains apports de la perspective socio-technique de l’innovation, et également, des concepts de déterritorialisation et re-territorialisation, empruntés à G.Deleuze et F.Guattari, nous questionnons la construction et les déplacements d’une culture numérique du salarié en montrant, par exemple, la confrontation entre la socialisation réalisée à partir d’internet et les espaces intranet. Cet article exploite les résultats d’une enquête de 2009, portant sur les pratiques intranet et internet des salariés d’une grande organisation publique française (9 295 réponses), ainsi que les entretiens réalisés auprès de différents profils (directions, managers et salariés).The growth of digital employees uses lead to the construction of new techno-political tensions between Internet and Intranet for the firms. From the perspective of socio-technical innovation theories, and also the concepts of deterritorialization and reterritorialization developed by Deleuze and Guattari ; we’re going to question the import, by the employees, of Internet culture into the intranet uses. For example, we’re going to investigate how the exchange of professional informations between employees or managers can extricate the boundaries of the organization to invest the web (particularly CMO like social networking websites). This article is based on the results of an empirical study done for a french public organization in 2009

Proposal for an Extension of Traditional Named Entitites: from Guidelines to Evaluation, an Overview

International audienceWithin the framework of the construction of a fact database, we defined guidelines to extract named entities, using a taxonomy based on an extension of the usual named entities defini- tion. We thus defined new types of entities with broader coverage including substantive- based expressions. These extended named en- tities are hierarchical (with types and compo- nents) and compositional (with recursive type inclusion and metonymy annotation). Human annotators used these guidelines to annotate a 1.3M word broadcast news corpus in French. This article presents the definition and novelty of extended named entity annotation guide- lines, the human annotation of a global corpus and of a mini reference corpus, and the evalu- ation of annotations through the computation of inter-annotator agreement. Finally, we dis- cuss our approach and the computed results, and outline further work

Structured Named Entities in two distinct press corpora: Contemporary Broadcast News and Old Newspapers

International audienceThis paper compares the reference annotation of structured named entities in two corpora with different origins and properties. It ad- dresses two questions linked to such a comparison. On the one hand, what specific issues were raised by reusing the same annotation scheme on a corpus that differs from the first in terms of media and that predates it by more than a century? On the other hand, what contrasts were observed in the resulting annotations across the two corpora

Question answering on web data : the QA evaluation in Quaero

International audienceIn the QA and information retrieval domains, progress has been assessed via evaluation campaigns(Clef, Ntcir, Equer, Trec). In these evaluations, the systems handle independent questions and should provide one answer to each question, extracted from textual data, for both open domain and restricted domain. Quæro is a program promoting research and industrial innovation on technologies for automatic analysis and classification of multimedia and multilingual documents. Among the many research areas concerned by Quæro. The Quaero project organized a series of evaluations of Question Answering on Web Data systems in 2008 and 2009. For each language, English and French the full corpus has a size of around 20Gb for 2.5M documents. We describe the task and corpora, and especially the methodologies used in 2008 to construct the test of question and a new one in the 2009 campaign. Six types of questions were addressed, factual, Non-factual(How, Why, What), List, Boolean. A description of the participating systems and the obtained results is provided. We show the difficulty for a question-answering system to work with complex data and questions

Nickel coordination compounds of the cyanamido squarate ligand. The crystal structures of the 2,4-bis(cyanamido)cyclobutane-1,3-dione dianion 2,4-NCNsq2−) and of three polymers with general formula [Ni(Him)x(H2O)4 − x(2,4-NCNsq) · yH2O]n (x = 2–4; y = 1–3; Him = imidazole)

Disodium and ditetraphenylphosphonium salts of 2,4-bis(cyanamido)cyclobutane-1,3-dione, Na2(2,4-NCNsq) · 2H2O (1) and (Ph4P)2(2,4-NCNsq) · 4H2O (2) have been synthesized and used to prepare three nickel(II) complexes: [Ni(Him)4(2,4-NCNsq) · 2H2O]n (3), [Ni(Him)3(H2O)(2,4-NCNsq) · H2O]n (4) and [Ni(Him)2(H2O)2(2,4-NCNsq) · 3H2O]n (5). Compounds 1–5 have been synthesized and characterized by electronic absorption and IR spectroscopies and by electrochemical studies. The structures of the salt 2 and of the complexes 3–5 have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The dianion of 2 presents a centro-symmetric square planar structure with two NCN functions deviated from the ring plane by an angle of 20.6°. Complexes 3–5 are polynuclear nickel(II) compounds containing 2,4-NCNsq2− bridging ligands. These ligands are coordinated by the nitrile nitrogen atoms of the cyanamido functions and lie in cis (complex 4) or trans (complexes 3 and 5) positions in the coordination sphere of the nickel(II). The magnetic properties of the three complexes have been investigated in the 2–300 K temperature range (μeff = 2.79–3.34 μB for 3, 2.76–3.25 μB for 4 and 3.14–3.46 μB for 5). Their redox properties are discussed and compared to those of the free 2,4-NCNsq2− dianion

Interplay between transcription regulators RUNX1 and FUBP1 activates an enhancer of the oncogene c-KIT and amplifies cell proliferation.

Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a well-known master regulator of hematopoietic lineages but its mechanisms of action are still not fully understood. Here, we found that RUNX1 localizes on active chromatin together with Far Upstream Binding Protein 1 (FUBP1) in human B-cell precursor lymphoblasts, and that both factors interact in the same transcriptional regulatory complex. RUNX1 and FUBP1 chromatin localization identified c-KIT as a common target gene. We characterized two regulatory regions, at +700 bp and +30 kb within the first intron of c-KIT, bound by both RUNX1 and FUBP1, and that present active histone marks. Based on these regions, we proposed a novel FUBP1 FUSE-like DNA-binding sequence on the +30 kb enhancer. We demonstrated that FUBP1 and RUNX1 cooperate for the regulation of the expression of the oncogene c-KIT. Notably, upregulation of c-KIT expression by FUBP1 and RUNX1 promotes cell proliferation and renders cells more resistant to the c-KIT inhibitor imatinib mesylate, a common therapeutic drug. These results reveal a new mechanism of action of RUNX1 that implicates FUBP1, as a facilitator, to trigger transcriptional regulation of c-KIT and to regulate cell proliferation. Deregulation of this regulatory mechanism may explain some oncogenic function of RUNX1 and FUBP1

Characterization of human DNGR-1+ BDCA3+ leukocytes as putative equivalents of mouse CD8α+ dendritic cells

In mouse, a subset of dendritic cells (DCs) known as CD8α+ DCs has emerged as an important player in the regulation of T cell responses and a promising target in vaccination strategies. However, translation into clinical protocols has been hampered by the failure to identify CD8α+ DCs in humans. Here, we characterize a population of human DCs that expresses DNGR-1 (CLEC9A) and high levels of BDCA3 and resembles mouse CD8α+ DCs in phenotype and function. We describe the presence of such cells in the spleens of humans and humanized mice and report on a protocol to generate them in vitro. Like mouse CD8α+ DCs, human DNGR-1+ BDCA3hi DCs express Necl2, CD207, BATF3, IRF8, and TLR3, but not CD11b, IRF4, TLR7, or (unlike CD8α+ DCs) TLR9. DNGR-1+ BDCA3hi DCs respond to poly I:C and agonists of TLR8, but not of TLR7, and produce interleukin (IL)-12 when given innate and T cell–derived signals. Notably, DNGR-1+ BDCA3+ DCs from in vitro cultures efficiently internalize material from dead cells and can cross-present exogenous antigens to CD8+ T cells upon treatment with poly I:C. The characterization of human DNGR-1+ BDCA3hi DCs and the ability to grow them in vitro opens the door for exploiting this subset in immunotherapy

Protection of Sinorhizobium against Host Cysteine-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides Is Critical for Symbiosis

A bacterial membrane protein, BacA, protects Sinorhizobium meliloti against the antimicrobial activity of host peptides, enabling the peptides to induce bacterial persistence rather than bacterial death