La comunicación y el liderazgo en “La voz del estudiante” : sistematización de la experiencia de la I.E. 17074 “Pedro Emilio Paulet Mostajo”, Utcubamba, Amazonas

La falta de líderes comunicativos en la sociedad actual acarrea diversos problemas sociales, como la corrupción, personas sumisas, con baja autoestima y falta de autonomía. Actualmente, es importante comunicarse efectivamente, tanto de manera oral como escrita. Por este motivo, el docente debe ofrecer a sus estudiantes herramientas y elementos conceptuales desde los cuales puedan desarrollar distintos trabajos que permitan la cualificación de las habilidades comunicativas, dejando de lado prácticas tradicionales para dar paso a propuestas de trabajo novedosas. En este sentido, cuando se produce un cambio de esta magnitud, el proceso de aprendizaje está en continua relación con todos los actores involucrados en este proceso (estudiantes y docentes), permitiendo que el estudiante sea el líder de su propio aprendizaje. Frente a esta realidad, se implementó el proyecto “La voz del estudiante”, en la I.E. N° 17074 Pedro Emilio Paulet Mostajo de la ciudad de Bagua Grande, con el objetivo de formar estudiantes líderes comunicativos, expresivos, capaces de proponer, dirigir y promover la participación democrática en diversas actividades y espacios de su entorno. El proyecto buscó mejorar las competencias comunicativas a través de la participación activa en el programa radial, la publicación semanal de un periódico mural, coloquios “Entre patas”, decatlón de comunicación y matemáticas y el festival “Talento Pauletiano”. También, se buscó desarrollar el liderazgo en los estudiantes por medio de la organización, participación y trabajo en equipo en las actividades del proyecto, en las que se realizaban prácticas ciudadanas y de orden, limpieza y disciplina. Además, se fortalecieron las capacidades de padres de familia y docentes mediante la escuela de padres y la actualización docente. La presente sistematización tiene por finalidad socializar la estrategia “La voz del estudiante”, la cual permite desarrollar el liderazgo comunicativo de nuestros estudiantes y, de esa manera, mejorar sus aprendizajes. El estudiante debe ser líder de su propio aprendizaje, para que, en el futuro, sea un ciudadano proactivo con iniciativa en el desarrollo de acciones creativas y audaces para generar mejoras en su familia, localidad y país. Se busca que los estudiantes sean ciudadanos que sepan convivir y participar democráticamente, con identidad y respeto a la diversidad e interculturalidad

Could radiotherapy effectiveness be enhanced by electromagnetic field treatment?

One of the main goals in radiobiology research is to enhance radiotherapy effectiveness without provoking any increase in toxicity. In this context, it has been proposed that electromagnetic fields (EMFs), known to be modulators of proliferation rate, enhancers of apoptosis and inductors of genotoxicity, might control tumor recruitment and, thus, provide therapeutic benefits. Scientific evidence shows that the effects of ionizing radiation on cellular compartments and functions are strengthened by EMF. Although little is known about the potential role of EMFs in radiotherapy (RT), the radiosensitizing effect of EMFs described in the literature could support their use to improve radiation effectiveness. Thus, we hypothesized that EMF exposure might enhance the ionizing radiation effect on tumor cells, improving the effects of RT. The aim of this paper is to review reports of the effects of EMFs in biological systems and their potential therapeutic benefits in radiotherapy.This study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (PI08/0728, Fondos FEDER) to M.I. Núñez. F. Artacho-Cordón is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (AP2012-2524). A grant from the Fundación Benéfica San Francisco Javier y Santa Cándida, University of Granada, to S. Ríos-Arrabal greatly aided this work. This research was also funded by the San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada

Validation of a histologic scoring index for C3 glomerulopathy

12 p.-4 fig.-4 tab.Rationale & objective: A previous study that evaluated associations of kidney biopsy findings with disease progression in patients with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) proposed a prognostic histologic index (C3G-HI) that has not yet been validated. Our objective was to validate the performance of the C3G-HI in a new patient population.Study design: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.Setting & participants: 111 patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria of C3G between January 1995 and December 2019, from 33 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOSEN).Predictors: Demographic, clinical parameters, C3G-HI total activity score, and the C3G-HI total chronicity score.Outcome: Time to kidney failure.Analytical approach: Intraclass correlation coefficients and κ statistic were used to summarize inter-rater reproducibility for assessment of histopathology in kidney biopsies. The nonlinear relationships of risk of kidney failure with the total activity score and total chronicity score were modeled using Cox proportional hazards analysis that incorporated cubic splines.Results: The study group included 93 patients with C3 glomerulonephritis and 18 with dense-deposit disease. Participants had an overall meanage of 35±22 (SD) years. Forty-eight patients (43%) developed kidney failure after a mean follow-up of 65±27 months. The overall inter-rater reproducibility was very good for the total activity score (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.63) and excellent for total chronicity score (ICC=0.89). Baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24-hour proteinuria, and treatment with immunosuppression were the main determinants of kidney failure in a model with only clinical variables. Only tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis were identified as predictors in a model with histological variables. When the total activity score and total chronicity score were added to the model, only the latter was identified as an independent predictor of kidney failure.Limitations: Only a subset of the kidney biopsies was centrally reviewed. Residual confounding.Conclusions: We validated the performance of C3G-HI as a predictor of kidney failure in patients with C3G. The total chronicity score was the principal histologic correlate of kidney failure.Work in this study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III /Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ISCIII/FEDER) grant PI16/01685 and Red de Investigación Renal (RedInRen) (RD12/0021/0029) (to MP), the Autonomous Region of Madrid (S2017/BMD-3673) (to MP); EGdeJ is supported by the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades" (RYC-2013-13395 and RTI2018-095955-B-100).Peer reviewe

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict kidney survival at baseline in patients with C3 glomerulopathy

10 p.-4 fig.-2 tab. 1 graph. abst.Background: C3 glomerulopathy is a rare and heterogeneous complement-driven disease. It is often challenging to accurately predict in clinical practice the individual kidney prognosis at baseline. We herein sought to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram to predict long-term kidney survival.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in 35 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases. The dataset was randomly divided into a training group (n = 87) and a validation group (n = 28). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen the main predictors of kidney outcome and to build the nomogram. The accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination and risk calibration in the training and validation sets.Results: The study group comprised 115 patients, of whom 46 (40%) reached kidney failure in a median follow-up of 49 months (range 24–112). No significant differences were observed in baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria or total chronicity score of kidney biopsies, between patients in the training versus those in the validation set. The selected variables by LASSO were eGFR, proteinuria and total chronicity score. Based on a Cox model, a nomogram was developed for the prediction of kidney survival at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years from diagnosis. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.860 (95% confidence interval 0.834–0.887) and calibration plots showed optimal agreement between predicted and observed outcomes.Conclusions: We constructed and validated a practical nomogram with good discrimination and calibration to predict the risk of kidney failure in C3 glomerulopathy patients at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years.Work on this study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III / Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ISCIII/FEDER; grants PI16/01685 and PI19/1624) and Red de Investigación Renal (RD12/0021/0029; to M.P.) and the Autonomous Region of Madrid (S2017/BMD-3673; to M.P.). S.R.d.C. is supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (grant PID2019-104912RB-I00) and the Autonomous Region of Madrid (grant S2017/BMD-3673).Peer reviewe

Longitudinal change in proteinuria and kidney outcomes in C3 glomerulopathy

11 p.-4 fig.-4 tab.Introduction: The association between a change in proteinuria over time and its impact in kidney prognosis has not been analyzed in C3 glomerulopathy. This study aims to investigate the association between the longitudinal change in proteinuria and the risk of kidney failure.Methods: Retrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in 35 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases (GLOSEN). Patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy between 1995 and 2020 were enrolled. A joint modeling of linear mixed-effects models was applied to assess the underlying trajectory of a repeatedly measured proteinuria, and a Cox model to evaluate the association of this trajectory with the risk of kidney failure.Results: The study group consisted of 85 patients, 70 C3 glomerulonephritis and 15 dense deposit disease, with a median age of 26 years (range 13-41). During a median follow-up of 42 months, 25 patients reached kidney failure. The longitudinal change in proteinuria showed a strong association with the risk of this outcome, with a doubling of proteinuria levels resulting in a 2.5-fold increase of the risk. A second model showed that a ≥ 50% proteinuria reduction over time was significantly associated with a lower risk of kidney failure (HR: 0.79; 95% CI : 0.56-0.97; p < 0.001). This association was also found when the ≥50% proteinuria reduction was observed within the first 6 and 12 months of follow-up.Conclusion: The longitudinal change in proteinuria is strongly associated with the risk of kidney failure. The change in proteinuria over time can provide clinicians a dynamic prediction of kidney outcomes.This study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ISCIII/FEDER) grant PI16/01685 and PI19/1624, and Red de Investigación Renal (RedInRen) (RD12/0021/0029) (to M.P.), the Autonomous Region of Madrid (S2017/BMD-3673) (to M.P.); E.G.d.J. was supported by the Spanish ‘Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades’ (RYC-2013-13395 and RTI2018-095955-B-100); S.R.d.C. was supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/FEDER grant SAF2015-66287R and Autonomous Region of Madrid grant S2017/BMD3673.Peer reviewe

La comunicación y el liderazgo en “La voz del estudiante” : sistematización de la experiencia de la I.E. 17074 “Pedro Emilio Paulet Mostajo”, Utcubamba, Amazonas

La falta de líderes comunicativos en la sociedad actual acarrea diversos problemas sociales, como la corrupción, personas sumisas, con baja autoestima y falta de autonomía. Actualmente, es importante comunicarse efectivamente, tanto de manera oral como escrita. Por este motivo, el docente debe ofrecer a sus estudiantes herramientas y elementos conceptuales desde los cuales puedan desarrollar distintos trabajos que permitan la cualificación de las habilidades comunicativas, dejando de lado prácticas tradicionales para dar paso a propuestas de trabajo novedosas. En este sentido, cuando se produce un cambio de esta magnitud, el proceso de aprendizaje está en continua relación con todos los actores involucrados en este proceso (estudiantes y docentes), permitiendo que el estudiante sea el líder de su propio aprendizaje. Frente a esta realidad, se implementó el proyecto “La voz del estudiante”, en la I.E. N° 17074 Pedro Emilio Paulet Mostajo de la ciudad de Bagua Grande, con el objetivo de formar estudiantes líderes comunicativos, expresivos, capaces de proponer, dirigir y promover la participación democrática en diversas actividades y espacios de su entorno. El proyecto buscó mejorar las competencias comunicativas a través de la participación activa en el programa radial, la publicación semanal de un periódico mural, coloquios “Entre patas”, decatlón de comunicación y matemáticas y el festival “Talento Pauletiano”. También, se buscó desarrollar el liderazgo en los estudiantes por medio de la organización, participación y trabajo en equipo en las actividades del proyecto, en las que se realizaban prácticas ciudadanas y de orden, limpieza y disciplina. Además, se fortalecieron las capacidades de padres de familia y docentes mediante la escuela de padres y la actualización docente. La presente sistematización tiene por finalidad socializar la estrategia “La voz del estudiante”, la cual permite desarrollar el liderazgo comunicativo de nuestros estudiantes y, de esa manera, mejorar sus aprendizajes. El estudiante debe ser líder de su propio aprendizaje, para que, en el futuro, sea un ciudadano proactivo con iniciativa en el desarrollo de acciones creativas y audaces para generar mejoras en su familia, localidad y país. Se busca que los estudiantes sean ciudadanos que sepan convivir y participar democráticamente, con identidad y respeto a la diversidad e interculturalidad

Colonization of a newly developing salt marsh: disentangling independent effects of elevation and redox potential on halophytes

Many characteristics of the salt marsh environment covary with elevation. It has therefore proved difficult to determine which environmental characteristics limit the distributions of particular species in the field. Oxygen supply to the rhizosphere may be particularly important, as it is determined by the duration and frequency of flooding. The re-activation of a salt marsh by managed coastal realignment provided an opportunity to investigate the large-scale manipulation of environmental effects on halophyte distribution in a situation where the usual relationships between environmental characteristics, elevation and succession had been partially uncoupled. Most locations sampled lay between mean neap and mean spring tidal levels. As expected, anoxic conditions occurred at lower elevation, redox potential increased generally with elevation and sediments were oxic on the upper parts. However, sediment oxygenation at any given elevation was variable, particularly at intermediate levels in the tidal range. This imperfect correlation between elevation and sediment redox allowed quantification of their independent effects on species distributions using the statistical technique of Hierarchical Partitioning. Effects of elevation and sediment redox potential were distinguishable from each other. Salicornia europaea occurred predominantly at lower elevation but was not influenced by redox potential. Puccinellia maritima favoured low redox potentials independently of elevation. In contrast, Suaeda maritima tolerated a wide range of elevations but was absent from areas with low redox potential. Atriplex portulacoides was apparently more averse to low redox potential than to low elevation. Elytrigia atherica was restricted to both high redox potential and high elevation. Smaller independent effects of sediment depth, salinity, water content, nitrate concentration, shear strength and loss on ignition were apparent for some species. Synthesis. Although much of the elevational zonation of species on salt marshes is mediated by differential tolerance of the consequences of co-linearly varying variables, particularly sediment anoxia and elevation, these variables have independent effects that are quantifiable in the field. Hierarchical Partitioning provides a valuable tool for distinguishing the mechanisms underlying species zonations on environmental gradients, especially where large-scale environmental manipulations have partially decoupled the usual co-linear variation