Produksi Biomassa, Analisis Nutrisi dan Senyawa Bioaktif Jamur Grigit (Schizophyllum commune)

Schizophyllum commune, a wild edible mushroom, has gained significant attention due to its potential as a valuable source of biomass, nutrients, and bioactive compounds. This study aims to explore the production of mycelial biomass and analyze its nutrient and bioactive compound content to be applied as a raw material in food production. The Schizophyllum commune was cultivated in potato dextrose broth media with temperature (25, 30, 35, and 40oC) and pH treatments (3, 7, and 8) to determine the optimal conditions for biomass production. Mycelia biomass was harvested and extracted. Nutrient and bioactive compounds were analyzed. Results showed that 30oC and pH 7 give the highest biomass production. Proximate analysis revealed that the mushroom's mycelia biomass contained high protein, low fat, and fiber. The analysis also demonstrated a rich profile of bioactive compounds, including flavonoid and phenolic compounds, respectively1 2,32 ± 0,95 dan 415,72 ± 15,23 g/100 g mycelia dry weight. Schizophyllum commune exhibits promising prospects for mycelial biomass production

ISOLASI, DAN PENAPISAN CENDAWAN ENDOFIT AKAR ASAL RHIZOSFER TALAS BENENG

Kebutuhan pangan nasional dapat dilakukan upaya diversifikasi pangan yaitu pemanfaatan kelompok umbi-umbian seperti Talas Beneng (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) yang merupakan salah satu jenis flora umbi-umbian khas Provinsi Banten. Produktivitas talas beneng dapat ditingkatkan yaitu salah satunya dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati mengandung mikroorganisme hidup yang bermanfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan melakukan penapisan terhadap cendawan endofit akar asal rhizosfer talas beneng sehingga dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai pupuk hayati untuk meningkatkan produktivitas talas beneng. Sebanyak 19 isolat cendawan berhasil diisolasi melalui teknik isolasi langsung dan pengumpanan. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan jenis cendawan dari genus Acremonium, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, dan beberapa isolat yang belum teridentifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penapisan diperoleh sebanyak 12 isolat merupakan cendawan endofit akar dan 5 isolat merupakan cendawan parasit akar. Kata Kunci: Cendawan endofit akar, talas beneng, rhizosfe

Cendawan Endofit Akar Bersepta Gelap Pada Sistem Perakaran Avicennia sp. Asal Cagar Alam Pulau Dua Banten dan Potensinya sebagai Penghasil Senyawa Antibakteri

Avicennia sp. merupakan salah satu vegetasi dominan yang terdapat di cagar alam Pulau Dua Banten. Sistem perakaran tumbuhan ini merupakan habitat yang baik bagi beragam mikroorganisme terutama Cendawan endofit akar bersepta gelap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan Cendawan endofit akar bersepta gelap pada sistem perakaran Avicennia sp. dan melakukan penapisan awal untuk mengetahui aktivitas cendawan endofit akar dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Sebanyak 8 isolat cendawan endofit akar bersepta gelap. Berdasarkan hasil penapisan terhadap bakteri uji Eschericia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan CEM 6 dan 7 memiliki rata-rata zona hambat lebih besar pada E. coli dibandingkan kontrol dan  CEM 8 yang memiliki aktivitas penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri S. Aureus. Kata kunci: Cendawan endofit akar bersepta gelap, antibakter

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI BERBASIS KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS PADA MATERI SISTEM SIRKULASI

In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, all teaching and learning activities were carried out online. Various difficulties faced by the teacher in delivering material in learning, especially in biology which there are science process skills. Therefore, this research was conducted to make a product and test the feasibility of a biology learning module based on science process skills on the circulatory system by collecting data in the form of a questionnaire. In this development research using ADDIE model.  The result of the questionnaire on the analysis of media needs, material experts, and users, namely teachers and students, were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the result of the assessment by material expert and media expert that the biology learning module based on science process skills on the circulatory system material is valid. Then based on the assessment by practitional expert, the module is quite valid. Then based on the student response, it was found that the biology learning module based on science process skills on the circulatory system material is valid, feasible, and very interesting. Keywords: science process skills, learning module, circulatory systemPada era pandemi COVID-19 segala kegiatan belajar mengajar dilakukan secara daring. Berbagai kesulitan dihadapi guru dalam menyampaikan materi dalam pembelajaran, terlebih dalam pembelajaran biologi yang di dalamnya terdapat keterampilan proses sains. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat suatu produk serta menguji kelayakan  modul pembelajaran biologi berbasis keterampilan proses sains pada materi sistem sirkulasi dengan mengumpulkan data-data berupa angket. Dalam penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Hasil angket analisis kebutuhan media, ahli materi, serta pengguna yaitu guru dan siswa dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian oleh ahli materi dan ahli media bahwa modul pembelajaran biologi berbasis keterampilan proses sains pada materi sistem sirkulasi Valid. Kemudian berdasarkan nilai ahli praktisi modul pembelajaran biologi berbasis keterampilan proses sains pada materi sistem sirkulasi Cukup Valid, lalu berdasarkan nilai hasil yang dilakukan dengan uji respon siswa didapatkan bahwa modul pembelajaran biologi berbasis keterampilan proses sains pada materi sistem sirkulasi Valid, layak digunakan, dan sangat menarik.                         Kata Kunci : keterampilan proses sains, modul pembelajara, sistem sirkulas

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS DISORDERS IN BADUY ETHNIC, INDONESIA

Digestive disorders rank among the most common problems faced in Indonesia, especially for the Baduy people in Banten Province. Although the Baduy live in water-rich areas, their lack of sanitation facilities and unawareness of methods of disease prevention have prompted high morbidity and mortality rates in their communities, largely due to digestive system disorders that they continue to treat with medicinal plants. This survey was undertaken to document Baduy indigenous medicinal plants that were used to treat and prevent different types of digestive system disorders in their communities using quantitative ethnobotanical approaches. Ethno medicinal data were collected from 30 informants regarding their knowledge on medicinal plants. Quantitative approaches were used to determine the use value and informant consensus factor values of collected data. The results revealed that the Baduy currently use 54 medicinal plant species belonging to 30 families to treat digestive system disorders. Additional research is required, however, to validate the function of the medicinal plants and identify their active compounds

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PENCUCIAN IKAN SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum annum)

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi limbah cair pencucian ikan yang tepat sebagai pupuk organik bagi pertumbuhan tanaman cabai rawit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan 6 taraf konsentrasi limbah cair dan 3 ulangan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Taraf konsentrasi pemupukan yang digunakan yaitu 0% (kontrol), 3,5%, 4%, 4,5%, 5%, 5,5% dan 6%. Parameter pertumbuhan cabai rawit yang diukur adalah tinggi batang, jumlah helai daun dan jumlah bunga. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Analisis of Varians (ANOVA) dengan uji lanjutan menggunakan Duncan Multipe Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik limbah pencucian ikan berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cabai rawit dengan konsentrasi 5%. ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to determine the fish processing waste water used as organic fertilizer on the growth of pepper plant. This study was an experimental study with 6 levels concentration of waste water and 3 replications using a completely randomized design. The fertilization concentrations levels used in were 0% (control), 3%, 4%, 4,5%, 5%, 5,5%, and 6%. The growth of papper plant was observed through steam height, number of leaves and number of flowers. The data from the study were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and followed by Duncan’s Multipe Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that organic fertilizer from the fish processing waste water significantly affected the growth of pepper plants with a concentration of 5%

Freshwater Trophic State of Sindang Heula Dam in Terms of Chlorophyl Content

This study aims to determine the trophic status of the waters of Sindang Heula Dam in terms of chlorophyll-a content and its relationship with other water parameters. The study was conducted in April 2021. The sampling location was determined by purposive sampling method with 5 stations. Sampling of chlorophyll-a was carried out using a composite sampling technique, which was then tested by spectrophotometric methods. Physical and chemical parameters of the waters measured included temperature, brightness, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll-a ranged from 12,733–63,457 g/L. Based on the results of the study, the waters of the Sindang Heula Dam have a eutrophic status to hypereutrophic, this indicates that the waters have been heavily polluted due to high levels of nutrients. ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status trofik perairan Bendungan Sindang Heula ditinjau dari kandungan klorofil-a serta hubungannya dengan parameter perairan lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2021. Lokasi pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 5 stasiun. Pengambilan sampel klorofil-a dilakukan dengan teknik composite sampling, yang selanjutnya diuji dengan metode spektrofotometri. Parameter fisika dan kimia perairan yang diukur meliputi suhu, kecerahan, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, nitrat, nitrit, dan fosfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan klorofil-a berkisar 12,733–63,457 μg/L. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka perairan Bendungan Sindang Heula memiliki status eutrofik menuju hipereutrofik, hal ini menunjukkan perairan sudah tercemar berat akibat tingginya unsur hara

Isolasi dan Respons Tumbuh Cendawan Mutualistik Akar pada Beberapa Tanaman Pangan dan Kehutanan

The study aims to isolate and test the effectiveness of mutualistic root symbiont fungi isolates from the roots of rubber plants grown in marginal acidic soil plantations in increasing the growth of food crops and forestry plants. The fungal were isolated by root surface sterilization methods. We obtained 19 fungal isolates consisting of 8 genera, namely Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, and mycelia sterilia. All isolates were subjected to a pathogenicity test on the Centrosema pubescens plant. Five out of the 19 fungal isolates increased plant growth and showed no disease symptoms, and the Aspergillus section Nigri FKK 3 isolate showed the best response. The isolate was further analyzed to assess the growth response of food crops (rice and corn) and forestry plants (Acacia auriculiformis and Paraserianthes falcataria). The treatments consisted of 3 phosphate (P) concentrations, namely 20%, 50%, and 100% of the recommended field applications. The combination of mutualistic fungal inoculation of Aspergillus section Nigri FKK 3 and 50% P concentration exhibited the highest biomass growth response compared to other treatments. This finding can provide basic information for developing fungal-based fertilizers to increase the productivity of food crops and forestry plants on sub-optimal land.   Keywords: food crops, phosphate fertilizer, forestry trees, plant growth improvement, root mutualistic fung

General microbiology teaching adaptation in the covid-19 period: Pre-service teacher perspectives and experiences

As a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic, teaching activity for pre-service teachers enrolled in the second year of a teacher education program from mid-March of 2020/2021 at the Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa were changed in a remote learning setting. This study's objective was to investigate pre-service students' perceptions and personal experience toward the transition of General microbiology lecture to online learning during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The results described the efforts and adaptation to an online teaching model of the General Microbiology course using both online synchronous and asynchronous learning. The perspectives of the Pre-Service Teacher about this strategy were analyzed and showed positive responses. Despite some challenges, they could adapt to the new learning methods. In addition, the study also provided an analysis of faculty readiness and experiences through a process that can use as a foundation to tackle the pandemic situation in the future

Developing Creativity and Entrepreneurial Values in High School Student through Project Based Learning Model On Biotechnology Concept

PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS DAN NILAI-NILAI WIRAUSAHA DI SISWA SEKOLAH TINGGI MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK PADA KONSEP BIOTEKNOLOGIAbstractThis research focused on determining the influence of project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship for XII grade student’s creativity and entrepreneurial values on conventional biotechnology sub topic. This research used quasi experimental method and the posttest only control group design. The sample was XII science 2 as experimental class and XII science 1 as control class chosen by random sampling. The data collected by using creative thinking ability test, creative product valuation rubric, observation sheet and entrepreneurial values questionnaire. The hypothesis analysed by using t-test which obtained the significance of creative products was 0,000 < 0,05 and the creative thinking ability was 0,001 < 0,05, so it would be concluded that project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship effected on student creativity. As for the significance of entrepreneurial values from the observation sheet was 0,000 < 0,05 and the questionnaire was 0,019 < 0,05, so it would be concluded that project-based learning model oriented to bioentrepreneurship effected on student’s entrepreneurial values. Correlation analysis concluded that there was a correlation between them, with the value of correlation coefficient was 0,195. The result of linear regression test showed that creativity contributed about 3% to student’s entrepreneurial values.AbstrakPenelitian ini berfokus pada menentukan pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang berorientasi pada bioentrepreneurship untuk kreativitas dan nilai-nilai kewirausahaan siswa kelas XII pada sub topik bioteknologi konvensional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu dan desain kelompok kontrol posttest. Sampel adalah XII sains 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XII sains 1 sebagai kelas kontrol yang dipilih secara acak. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif, rubrik penilaian produk kreatif, lembar observasi dan kuesioner nilai kewirausahaan. Hipotesis dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji-t yang diperoleh signifikansi produk kreatif adalah 0,000 <0,05 dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif 0,001 <0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang berorientasi pada bioentrepreneurship berpengaruh pada siswa kreativitas. Adapun signifikansi nilai kewirausahaan dari lembar pengamatan adalah 0,000 <0,05 dan kuesioner adalah 0,019 <0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang berorientasi pada bioentrepreneurship berpengaruh pada nilai-nilai kewirausahaan siswa. Analisis korelasi menyimpulkan bahwa ada korelasi di antara mereka, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi adalah 0,195. Hasil uji regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa kreativitas berkontribusi sekitar 3% terhadap nilai kewirausahaan siswa