The OPTIMALISASI KONDUKTIVITAS TERMAL BETON BERPORI MELALUI INOVASI MATERIAL BERBASIS ABU SEKAM PADI DAN SERAT KELAPA SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAH RAMAH LINGKUNGAN: Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to increase the thermal conductivity of pervious concrete by adding environmentally friendly supplemental materials, such as coconut fibre and rice husk ash (RHA). The material variations include RHA at 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by cement weight and coconut fiber at 0%, 0.5%, and 1% by total mix weight. Five selected combinations were analyzed based on the balance between workability, strength, and thermal performance. Tests conducted include slump (workability), compressive strength (at 28 days), thermal conductivity, water absorption, and freeze-thaw resistance. The results indicate that the addition of RHA and coconut fiber reduces workability but significantly enhances compressive strength and freeze-thaw durability. Thermal conductivity decreased by up to 23% in the mix with 15% RHA and 1% fiber, indicating improved thermal insulation capacity. While water absorption increased with higher fiber content, it was reduced by the presence of RHA. The optimal combination was found in the mix with 10% RHA and 1% coconut fiber, which offered the best balance between mechanical strength, thermal efficiency, and environmental durability. Keywords: Coconut fiber; eco-friendly concrete; pervious concrete; rice husk ash; thermal conductivity  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan konduktivitas termal beton berpori melalui penambahan bahan tambah ramah lingkungan berupa abu sekam padi (RHA) dan serat kelapa. Variasi komposisi yang digunakan meliputi RHA sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% dari berat semen serta serat kelapa sebesar 0%, 0,5%, dan 1% dari berat total campuran. Lima kombinasi campuran dipilih untuk dianalisis berdasarkan keseimbangan antara workability, kekuatan, dan performa termal. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap slump (workability), kuat tekan (umur  28 hari), konduktivitas termal, penyerapan air, dan ketahanan terhadap siklus beku-cair. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa meskipun penambahan RHA dan serat kelapa menurunkan workability, kekuatan tekan dan ketahanan terhadap siklus beku-cair meningkat secara signifikan.Konduktivitas termal menurun hingga 23% pada kombinasi RHA 15% dan serat 1%, menandakan peningkatan kemampuan isolasi panas. Sementara itu, penyerapan air meningkat dengan bertambahnya serat, namun dapat ditekan dengan penambahan RHA. Kombinasi optimal diperoleh pada campuran dengan RHA 10% dan serat 1%, yang memberikan keseimbangan terbaik antara kekuatan mekanis, efisiensi termal, dan ketahanan lingkungan

Internasionalisasi dan Digitalisasi Branding Ecovillage Malagufuk Berbasis Sustainable Tourism

Malagufuk Village is known for its potential as a conservation-based birdwatching ecotourism village in natural forests. Through its ecotourism potential, Malagufuk Village is increasingly visited by foreign tourists. Even though the graph shows an increase, researchers found various obstacles based on observations in the field. One of the problems experienced by local tour guides from Malagufuk Village is their low English language skills. This lack of English language skills has limited the ability of tour guides to provide information. tour guide, explaining the uniqueness and ecotourism potential of Malagufuk Village, as well as facilitating smooth interaction between tourists and local residents. The aim of this activity is to improve community welfare and independence through empowerment in the tourism sector. The methods in this activity consist of socialization, training, application of technology, mentoring and evaluation, as well as a desire program. The result of this activity is that the tour guide has weaknesses in speaking good English, then there is no optimization of digital branding. All obstacles found can be overcome with the solutions offered. All the people of Malagufuk Village, especially the administrators and tour guides, can speak English well and are able to carry out digital marketing effectively.Kampung Malagufuk telah dikenal dengan potensi sebagai kampung ekowisata birdwatching yang berbasis konservasi pada hutan alam. Melalui potensi ekowisata yang dimiliki, Kampung Malagufuk lebih banyak dikunjungi wisatawan asing. Meskipun grafik menunjukan peningkatan, tetapi peneliti menemukan berbagai hambatan berdasarkan observasi di lapangan, salah satu masalah yang dialami oleh pemandu wisata lokal yang berasal dari Kampung Malagufuk adalah kemampuan bahasa Inggris yang rendah dimana, Kurangnya kemampuan berbahasa Inggris ini telah membatasi kemampuan pemandu wisata untuk memberikan informasi, menjelaskan keunikan dan potensi ekowisata Kampung Malagufuk, serta memfasilitasi interaksi yang lancar antara wisatawan dan penduduk lokal. Tujuan kegiatan ini yaitu meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kemandirian masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan di bidang pariwisata. Metode dalam kegiatan ini terdiri dari sosialisasi, pelatihan, penerapan teknologi, pendampingan dan evaluasi, serta keberlanjutan program. Hasil dalam kegiatan ini adalah pemandu wisata memiliki kelemahan berbahasa inggris yang baik, kemudian belum adanya optimalisasi digital branding. Semua hambatan yang ditemukan dapat teratasi dengan solusi yang ditawarkan. Semua masyarakat Kampung Malagufuk secara khusus pengurus dan pemandu wisata mampu berbahasa Inggris yang baik serta mampu melakukan pemasaran digital dengan efektif

Development of E-Handout Based on Local Wisdom of Betawi Traditional Food in Junior High School on Digestive System Materials

This study aims to examine the nutritional content of traditional Betawi foods and develop an e-handout as a learning medium for the Digestive System material. The research involved 67 students from grades 8A and 8B of SMPN 105 Jakarta and used two methods: Field Exploration to identify food ingredients in traditional dishes, and Research and Development (R&D) in five stages—potential and problems, data collection, product design, validation, and revision—limited by time and cost. Data were collected through product assessment questionnaires and analyzed using percentage scores for each item. The e-handout was validated by six experts: two subject matter experts (V Aiken = 0.81), two media experts (V Aiken = 0.83), and two linguists (V Aiken = 0.92), all categorized as "very feasible." Student responses also showed positive results, with interest at 88.45%, material quality at 87.3%, and language clarity at 89.9%. Overall, the e-handout based on traditional Betawi food was deemed highly feasible and suitable as an accessible learning tool anytime and anywhere.This study aims to examine the nutritional content of traditional Betawi foods and develop an e-handout as a learning medium for the Digestive System material. The research involved 67 students from grades 8A and 8B of SMPN 105 Jakarta and used two methods: Field Exploration to identify food ingredients in traditional dishes, and Research and Development (R&D) in five stages—potential and problems, data collection, product design, validation, and revision—limited by time and cost. Data were collected through product assessment questionnaires and analyzed using percentage scores for each item. The e-handout was validated by six experts: two subject matter experts (V Aiken = 0.81), two media experts (V Aiken = 0.83), and two linguists (V Aiken = 0.92), all categorized as "very feasible." Student responses also showed positive results, with interest at 88.45%, material quality at 87.3%, and language clarity at 89.9%. Overall, the e-handout based on traditional Betawi food was deemed highly feasible and suitable as an accessible learning tool anytime and anywhere

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN STABILITAS LERENG PADA AREA KARST (STUDI KASUS GIRIMULYO, KULON PROGO)

Girimulyo District, Kulon Progo, is famous for its karst landscape, making it one of the tourist destinations. This location is mainly composed of easily soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, gypsum, and rock salt, making it very susceptible to landslides, thus requiring a comprehensive slope stability analysis to reduce the risk of landslides that impact residential areas, access roads, and tourist locations. This study evaluated slope stability using the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM). The slope at the research location consists of a layer of silt on the surface and limestone at a depth of 9 meters. Slope modeling was carried out in static and pseudo-static conditions by combining horizontal seismic coefficients derived from SNI 1726 (2019). The results showed that most LEM methods, except the Fellenius method, had higher SF than the FEM method. All methods showed that the slope in the static condition is stable with a safety factor (SF) ≥ 1.25, while in the pseudo-static condition, all methods are considered unstable (SF ≤ 1.07). Among the LEM approaches, the Fellenius (1936) method showed the lowest SF, which is in accordance with previous studies, where this method is the most conservative and suitable for circular slip surfaces only. Meanwhile, the Bishop (1955) and Morgenstern-Price (1965) methods are the most recommended in this study because they accommodate circular and non-circular slip surfaces. The SF results are 2% higher than the FEM results. These results show the importance of choosing the proper analysis method for landslide-prone karst terrain such as Girimulyo. Keywords: FEM; LEM; PLAXIS 2D; slope/W; SFKecamatan Girimulyo, Kulon Progo merupakan daerah yang terkenal dengan bentang alam karst sehingga menjadi salah satu tujuan wisata. Lokasi ini banyak tersusun oleh batuan yang mudah larut seperti batu kapur, dolomit, gipsum, dan garam batu, sehingga sangat rentan terhadap tanah longsor sehingga memerlukan analisis stabilitas lereng yang komprehensif untuk mengurangi risiko tanah longsor yang berdampak pada kawasan permukiman, jalan akses, dan lokasi wisata. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi stabilitas lereng menggunakan Metode Keseimbangan Batas (LEM) dan Metode Elemen Hingga (FEM). Lereng pada lokasi penelitian terdiri dari lapisan lanau di permukaan dan batu kapur pada kedalaman 9 meter. Pemodelan lereng dilakukan dalam kondisi statis dan pseudo-statis, dengan menggabungkan koefisien seismik horizontal yang berasal dari SNI 1726 (2019). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar metode LEM, kecuali metode Fellenius, memiliki SF yang lebih tinggi daripada metode FEM. Semua metode menunjukkan bahwa lereng dalam kondisi statis stabil dengan faktor keamanan (SF) ≥ 1,25, sedangkan dalam kondisi pseudo-statis, semua metode dianggap tidak stabil (SF ≤ 1,07). Di antara pendekatan LEM, metode Fellenius (1936) menunjukkan SF terendah, hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian sebelumnya di mana metode ini paling konservatif dan sesuai untuk bidang gelincir circular. Sementara itu, metode Bishop (1955) dan Morgenstern-Price (1965) merupakan metode yang paling direkomendasikan dalam analisis LEM karena dapat mengakomodasi permukaan longsor circular dan non-circular, hasil SF berbeda 2% lebih tinggi dari hasil FEM. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya memilih metode analisis yang tepat untuk medan karst yang rawan longsor seperti Girimulyo. Kata kunci:       FEM, LEM, PLAXIS 2D, Slope/W, S

DETEKSI TUMPAHAN MINYAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ADAPTIVE THRESHOLD PADA CITRA SATELIT SENTINEL-1A DI PERAIRAN UTARA KARAWANG

The North Karawang Waters are one of the waters crossed by the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lane (ALKI) where large ships and tankers cross this water area. In the northern part of the Karawang Waters, there are also oil and gas drilling activities belonging to one of the national oil and gas companies, so there is a high risk of oil spill disasters. On April 22, 2021, there was an underwater oil pipeline leak around the oil well area operated by PT Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North West Java (PHE ONWJ). This study aims to analyze the distribution of oil spills using the Sentinel 1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). The research location includes the Karawang Waters where there has been an oil spill case. The method used to detect oil spills from Sentinel-1A satellite imagery is the adaptive threshold. The stages carried out for satellite image processing are image correction such as radiometric calibration, multilooking, filtering and dark spot detection using an adaptive threshold. Wind direction and speed data are used to see the movement of the oil spill area. The results of the study show that SAR Sentinel 1A imagery provides good enough information to detect oil spills and their distribution in the waters north of Karawang.Perairan Utara Karawang merupakan salah satu perairan yang dilintasi Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) dimana kapal-kapal besar dan kapal tanker melintasi area perairan ini. Di bagian Utara Perairan Karawang juga terdapat kegiatan pengeboran minyak dan gas (migas) milik salah satu perusahaan minyak dan gas nasional, sehingga beresiko yang tinggi terhadap bencana tumpahan minyak. Pada tanggal 22 April 2021, terjadi kebocoran pipa minyak bawah laut di sekitar area sumur minyak yang dioperasikan PT Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North West Java (PHE ONWJ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi tumpahan minyak menggunakan Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Sentinel 1A. Lokasi penelitian meliputi Perairan Karawang yang pernah terjadi kasus tumpahan minyak. Metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi tumpahan minyak  dari citra satelit Sentinel-1A adalah dengan adaptive threshold. Tahapan yang dilakukan untuk pengolahan citra satelit adalah koreksi citra seperti kalibrasi radiometrik, multilooking, filtering dan deteksi dark spot dengan menggunakan adaptive threshold. Data arah dan kecepatan angin yang digunakan untuk melihat pergerakan area tumpahan minyak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa citra SAR Sentinel 1A memberikan informasi yang cukup baik untuk mendeteksi tumpahan minyak dan distribusinya di perairan Utara Karawang

Fenomena dan Bentuk Bullying Verbal Pada Siswa Perempuan SMA di Jakarta

This study aims to analyze the prevalence and most common types of verbal bullying among female students in one high school in Jakarta. Using a quantitative descriptive method, a survey was conducted on 69 female students. A semantic differential scale was employed to measure verbal bullying, and the research instrument was proven to be valid (rest item correlation values of 0.481-0.711) and reliable (Cronbach\u27s Alpha value of 0.872). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis with JASP Version 0.18.1. The findings indicate that 27.5% of female students experienced verbal bullying at a high category, while 46.4% were in the moderate category, and 26.1% in the low category. This suggests that verbal bullying is a significant issue in the researched school environment. Further analysis of verbal bullying types revealed that insults (24.6%), public humiliation (24.6%), and spreading gossip (23.2%) were the three most common forms of verbal bullying experienced by female students in the high category. These findings are consistent with literature indicating that verbal bullying among females often involves relational aggression, targeting self-esteem and social status. This study concludes that verbal bullying is a crucial issue in the high school examined, with forms of verbal aggression that attack self-esteem and reputation being the most dominant among female students. These results provide an important basis for schools to design more targeted and contextually relevant intervention and prevention programs for bullying

The INFLUENCE OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF GENERATION Z HUMAN RESOURCES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Case Study on Gen Z Employees of PT. Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim)

The Impact of Processing and Improvement of Generation Z Human Resources on Staff Performance at PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim. The purpose of the following research is to find the impact of processing and improving Generation Z human resources on staff performance at PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim. The data sources used are primary and secondary data collected from the distribution of research questionnaires to 72 informants using purposive sampling, using Generation Z staff as the research population. Sampling is mostly determined by the Taro Yamane formula when the population is known. The independent aspects in the following research include management and improvement of Generation Z human resources, and the dependent variable is staff performance. The analysis in the following research includes validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, t-tests, F-tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and coefficients of determination (R2). The results of the following research show that: (1) There is an influence of processing of generation Z human resources on the performance of PT Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim staff. (2) There is an influence of increasing human resources of generation Z on staff performance at PT Tbk Tanjung Enim. (3)The magnitude of the influence of processing and increasing human resources of generation Z on staff performance at PT Bukit Asam Tbk is 0.678 or 67% while the rest is influenced by variables that are not evaluated. The researcher\u27s suggestion for PT Bukit Asam Tbk is that the industrial HR department should consider processing and increasing human resources for generation z staff in the sense of not only processing and increasing in general for all staff, because gen z certainly has a perspective with other generations of the workforce

Enhancing Students’ Chemical Representation Ability Through Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Nearpod on Electrolysis Cell Material

This study aims to show an increase in students’ chemical representation ability through the integration of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) assisted by Nearpod on electrolysis cell material and describe student activities and their ability to complete worksheets. This study used a pre-experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design and involved second-semester students in the basic Chemistry 2 courses. The results showed that the improvement in chemical representation ability was in the medium category (N-Gain: 0.68), learning activities were carried out very good (88.86%), and the student’s ability to complete worksheets was also classified as high (average score: 89.52). These findings indicate that integrating PBL assisted by Nearpod is an effective, innovative approach to improving students’ chemical representation ability, particularly in abstract electrolysis cell material, by encouraging active participation and conceptual understanding

Plugged versus Unplugged Activities within Problem-based Learning for Computational Thinking Skills: A Meta-Analytic Review

The integration of technology in 21st-century education brings considerable advantages, particularly through "plugged" activities within problem-based learning (PBL) frameworks to enhance computational thinking (CT) skills. However, the impact of plugged activities in PBL on CT skills development has shown inconsistency. Additionally, how do plugged activities compare with unplugged activities within PBL for optimizing CT skills? This study addresses this question by comparing the effects of plugged and unplugged activities integrated into PBL on students\u27 CT skills. A meta-analysis was conducted on 17 empirical studies published between 2011 and 2023, which produced 31 effect sizes in g units and included data from 1,376 students. Using the Q Cochrane and Z tests, facilitated by the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software, the data were analyzed to determine these effects. The findings showed that, descriptively, plugged activities in PBL (g = 0.818; p < 0.05) had a stronger effect on enhancing CT skills than unplugged activities (g = 0.649; p < 0.05). Statistically, sufficient evidence indicated that plugged activities within PBL are more effective than unplugged activities for improving students’ CT skills. Therefore, educators, including teachers and lecturers, may consider using plugged activities as part of a PBL framework to support the development of CT skills in students

JAPAN\u27S INCREASING THREAT PERCEPTION OF CHINA INFLUENCE ITS DECISION TO RE-ENGAGED THE QUADRILATERAL SECURITY DIALOGUE (QUAD) IN 2017

The paper addresses the rising concern in Japan over China\u27s growing influence in the Asia-Pacific region, which has led to increased tensions and security dilemmas. Japan\u27s perception of China as a threat, particularly due to its military expansion and assertive policies, has had a significant impact on its foreign policy decisions. In response to this perceived threat, Japan re-engaged with the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad), a strategic forum comprised of the United States, Australia, India, and Japan, in 2017.  The core issue is understanding how Japan\u27s changing threat perception of China influenced its strategic calculations, resulting in a shift in its security and diplomatic posture. This issue is critical for understanding Japan\u27s foreign policy dynamics and the broader implications for regional security in the Indo-Pacific. The paper investigates Japan\u27s re-engagement with the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) in 2017, in response to its growing concern about China\u27s growing influence in the Asia-Pacific region. This decision can be examined through the lens of the strategic environment, which refers to external factors and conditions that influence a country\u27s security policies and strategies. This study esmploys a qualitative methodological approach. This study seeks to demonstrate that Japan\u27s perception of China as a threat grew between 2014 and 2016. The change in Japan\u27s strategic environment, z≈      zcharacterized by China\u27s military expansion and assertive actions, forced Japan to reconsider its security policies. This decision emphasizes the strategic environment\u27s criti,ccal role in shaping national security strategies, as well as how states respond to perceivved threats in order to maintain regional stability. Keywords: Japan, Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad), China, Threat Perception, Strategic Environment, Security Strategy, and Indo-Pacifi