ANALISIS KOLABORASI BADAN METEOROLOGI KLIMATOLOGI DAN GEOFISIKA DENGAN KANWIL KEMENTERIAN AGAMA DALAM PENENTUAN HILAL PERSPEKTIF ILMU FALAK DI SULAWESI SELATAN

Abstrak This examination talks about the Joint effort Investigation between the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Organization and the Service of Religion in Deciding the Hilal Point of view of Falak Science in South Sulawesi. The fundamental issue is depicted in a few issue details, in particular: 1) What is the coordinated effort process between the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Organization and Service of Religion in deciding the new moon?, 2) What are the elements that impact the cooperation between the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Office and the Service of Religion in deciding the new moon? also, 3) What is the job of Falak Science innovation in supporting coordinated effort between the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Organization and the Service of Religion? . The examination is named subjective , clear exploration with the exploration approaches utilized being: cosmic methodology, relative methodology, and juridical methodology. The data sources in this examination are essential data sources got from perceptions and meetings, while optional data sources are data acquired from books, diaries, propositions and logical compositions connected with the exploration object. The data assortment techniques utilized in this exploration are interview perception, documentation and writing study. Data the board and investigation: gathering subjective data and illustrative examination methods. The consequences of the exploration show that: 1) Deciding the new moon through a long interaction starts with holding a joint gathering to frame a rukyatul hilal group , gathering weather conditions conjecture data, setting up the devices utilized, deciding the area for doing rukyatul hilal exercises. 2) Can be isolated into two, in particular interior and outer elements. The inner variables alluded to are factors starting from the hilal or the moon, while outside factors are the area elements of the rukyat and perukyat. 3) advanced innovation in space science will give schooling to the general population in regards to deciding the new moon, that in a joint effort with the BMKG and the Service of Religion, it can add to the logical information on the's comprehension public might interpret the position and choices of the new moon. Gives understanding into stargazing and space science so this information can be valuable later on. The ramifications of this examination are: This exploration is about the cooperative investigation of the BMKG and the Service of Religion in deciding the hilal according to a cosmic point of view in the city of Makassar. It is trusted that the Middle for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) IV Makassar and the Territorial Office of the Service of Religion of South Sulawesi Area will focus closer and give data to the general population with respect to deciding the new moon, so the public will get genuine data. So issue focuses and answers for these issues can be gotten through interviews, direct perception, etc. In the event that there are numerous deficiencies, the creator requests information and upgrades

PERAN ASTRONOMI TRADISIONAL DAN BINTANG DALAM PENETUAN MUSIM TANAM SERTA PANEN PERSPEKTIF ILMU FALAK

ABSTRACT This study examines how traditional astronomical knowledge is utilized by local communities through the observation of stars and celestial phenomena to determine the appropriate timing for agricultural activities, particularly planting and harvesting seasons. From the perspective of Islamic astronomy (Ilmu Falak), the research focuses on identifying the roles of specific stars and analyzing the contributions of traditional astronomical practices in the Luwu region. This research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach and analyzes data using interdisciplinary, historical, and comparative methods. The findings reveal that traditional astronomy and the role of certain stars play a significant role in determining planting and harvesting seasons. The people of Luwu have, for generations, relied on the positions of specific stars such as Orion, Sirius, the Pleiades, and Crux as indicators of seasonal changes. This research can be implemented in various fields, particularly in agriculture, education, and cultural preservation in Luwu. In agriculture, traditional astronomical knowledge can be integrated with modern weather technology to determine optimal planting and harvesting times. The Ilmu Falak approach enriches the interpretation of related verses through the analysis of celestial bodies’ orbits and the position of the universe, demonstrating harmony between religious and scientific perspectives.   Keywords: Traditional Astronomy, Islamic Astronomy (Ilm al-Falak), Planting Season, Harvest, Luwu, Stars, Islamic Scienc

PERAN ILMU ASTROFOTOGRAFI TERHADAP RUKYATUL HILAL DI ERA DIGITALISASI

Abstract Hilal is an extraterrestrial phenomenon that is very important for humans, especially as a determinant of the calendar system in Islam. In practice, seeing the hilal is not something easy. There are several difficulties encountered such as the hilal which is far from the point of view, weak hilal light and interference from various natural conditions that occur. Along with the development of scientific technology, especially in phalac science, various thoughts have emerged to renew the way to see the hilal using technology, one of which is by using astrophotography techniques. In this study, it aims to determine the existence of astrophotography in the digital era, to determine the implementation of rukyatul hilal in the digital era and to determine the urgency of astrophotography to rukyatul hilal in the digital era.This research uses a type of library research with a descriptive qualitative approach, namely a problem formulation that guides research to explore or portray the social situation to be studied thoroughly. The data sources needed in this research are literature such as; books, journals and previous research, both in the form of primary and secondary sources.This study found that astrophotography plays an important role in the digital era as applied in rukyatul hilal observation. This is evidenced by several rukyat implementing institutions that have begun to use astrophotography techniques. The method of rukyatul hilal observation continues to develop. From seeing with the naked eye to using tools such as location wickets to the digital era now using photography tools that can help clarify and sharpen vision and can capture the observed hilal results. Therefore, the use of astrophotography in rukyatul hilal in the digital era is very necessary because it can help facilitate the observation process, especially in terms of clarifying the object of view and displaying facts realistically, objectively and scientifically so that it can be concluded that the role of astrophotography in rukyatul hilal is a breakthrough in modern technology and information science that can facilitate the implementation of rukyatul hilal because it can be scientifically accounted for with evidence of hilal sightings, so that elements and factors of error and error in the reports of rukyat witnesses can be overcome and can be convincing. &nbsp

IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN AUGMENTED REALITY PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SD INPRES UNGGULAN PURI TAMAN SARI MAKASSAR

Augmented Reality merupakan suatu teknologi interaksi yang menggabungkan antara dunia nyata (real world) dan dunia maya (virtual world). Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu: 1) Untuk mengetahui pengimplementasian media pembelajaran Augmented Reality pada pembelajaran IPA kelas V SD Inpres Unggulan Puri Taman Sari Makassar, 2) Untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas V pada pembelajaran IPA dengan media pembelajaran Augmented Reality, dan 3) Untuk mengetahui hasil belajar peserta didik kelas V pada pembelajaran IPA dengan media pembelajaran Augmented Reality. Jenis penelitian ini tergolong mixed method dengan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksplanatori sekuensial. Adapun sumber data penelitian ini adalah guru dan peserta didik. Selanjutnya, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, angket, tes soal dan wawancara. Lalu teknik pengolahan dan analisis data dengan melalui dua tahap, penelitian ini diawali dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, lalu dilanjutkan dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk melengkapi dan memperkaya temuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa observasi terhadap aktivitas guru selama tiga pertemuan menunjukkan rata-rata skor sebesar 88,23% dengan kategori Sangat Baik. Hasil angket motivasi belajar juga menunjukkan kategori Sangat Baik pada seluruh indikator, dengan skor tertinggi pada aspek penguatan guru (90%). Wawancara dengan peserta didik bermotivasi tinggi dan rendah mengungkapkan bahwa media Augmented Reality mampu meningkatkan keterlibatan, pemahaman, dan semangat belajar, meskipun terdapat kendala teknis seperti keterbatasan perangkat. Hasil tes belajar menunjukkan 89,2% peserta didik berada pada kategori Sangat Baik. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran Augmented Reality layak diterapkan secara luas karena mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang interaktif, menyenangkan, dan bermakna

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP BATASAN TANGGUNGJAWAB PENANGGUNG (BORGTOCHT) DALAM PERKARA KEPAILITAN DAN PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG (PKPU) TERHADAP KEWAJIBAN UTANG DEBITOR

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap batasan tanggung jawab penanggung (borgtocht) dalam perkara kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) terhadap kewajiban utang debitor. Fokus utama penelitian adalah ketidakpastian hukum yang muncul akibat perbedaan penafsiran hakim mengenai kedudukan personal guarantee sebagai termohon dalam perkara PKPU, sebuah persoalan yang hingga kini belum memiliki keseragaman dalam praktik peradilan niaga Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis bahan hukum primer berupa Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU serta ketentuan KUHPerdata, didukung bahan hukum sekunder berupa putusan pengadilan, jurnal, dan karya ilmiah. Dua putusan Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat menjadi titik analisis utama, yaitu Putusan Nomor 212/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2019 yang menolak penarikan penjamin sebagai termohon PKPU, dan Putusan Nomor 141/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020 yang justru mengabulkannya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penarikan personal guarantor sebagai termohon PKPU bertentangan dengan Pasal 254 UU Nomor 37 Tahun 2004, yang secara tegas menyatakan PKPU tidak berlaku bagi penanggung. Konsekuensi hukum pelepasan hak istimewa penjamin hanya relevan dalam konteks kepailitan, bukan PKPU yang bertujuan restrukturisasi utang. Ketidakseragaman putusan hakim berpotensi merugikan penjamin secara materiil dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum yang menghambat ekosistem perkreditan. Oleh karenanya, diperlukan yurisprudensi atau Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung yang tegas guna memberikan pedoman seragam bagi seluruh hakim dalam penanganan perkara PKPU yang melibatkan personal guarantor. Kata Kunci: Borgtocht, Kepailitan, PKPU, Personal Guarantee, Perlindungan Hukum.   ABSTRACT This study examines the legal protection of the guarantor's liability limitations (borgtocht) in bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) cases regarding debtors' debt obligations. The primary focus of the study is the legal uncertainty arising from differing judges' interpretations of the status of a personal guarantee as a defendant in PKPU cases, an issue that has yet to be uniformly addressed in Indonesian commercial court practice. The study uses a normative juridical method by analyzing primary legal materials in the form of Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU and provisions of the Civil Code, supported by secondary legal materials in the form of court decisions, journals, and scientific papers. Two decisions of the Central Jakarta Commercial Court serve as the primary points of analysis: Decision Number 212/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2019, which rejected the guarantor's withdrawal as a defendant in a PKPU case, and Decision Number 141/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2020, which granted it. The study concluded that the withdrawal of a personal guarantor as a defendant in a PKPU (Debt Suspension Order) contradicts Article 254 of Law Number 37 of 2004, which expressly states that a PKPU does not apply to guarantors. The legal consequences of waiving a guarantor's privileges are only relevant in the context of bankruptcy, not PKPU cases aimed at debt restructuring. The lack of uniformity in judicial decisions has the potential to materially harm guarantors and create legal uncertainty that hinders the credit ecosystem. Therefore, clear jurisprudence or a Supreme Court Circular Letter is needed to provide uniform guidelines for all judges in handling PKPU cases involving personal guarantors. Keywords: Borgtocht, Bankruptcy, PKPU, Personal Guarantee, Legal Protection. &nbsp

ANALISIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN TERHADAP KELALAIAN PERUSAHAAN DALAM KECELAKAAN KERJA DAN KETERLAMBATAN PELAPORAN (STUDI KASUS PT HARMONI PANCA USAHA KALIMANTAN TIMUR)

Abstrak Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk menelaah secara mendalam konstruksi perlindungan hukum ketenagakerjaan yang diberikan kepada pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja sebagai dampak dari tidak optimalnya pelaksanaan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) oleh perusahaan, sekaligus mengkaji konsekuensi yuridis yang muncul akibat keterlambatan dalam pelaporan kejadian kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang memadukan pendekatan peraturan perundang‑undangan dan pendekatan kasus, yang bertumpu pada bahan hukum hasil studi kepustakaan serta dianalisis melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif aspek perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja telah dirumuskan melalui pengaturan mengenai K3, Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3), serta sistem jaminan sosial ketenagakerjaan. Namun demikian, dalam peristiwa kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi di PT Harmoni Panca Usaha Kalimantan Timur, implementasi atas ketentuan tersebut belum berjalan secara efektif, sehingga turut menjadi faktor penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Selain itu, keterlambatan penyampaian laporan kecelakaan kerja selama kurun waktu 19 hari menimbulkan berbagai implikasi hukum, antara lain tertundanya pemenuhan hak-hak pekerja, terhambatnya proses penyelidikan dan investigasi kecelakaan kerja, serta terbukanya kemungkinan penerapan sanksi administratif terhadap perusahaan yang bersangkutan. Kata Kunci: Perlindungan hukum, kecelakaan kerja, ketenagakerjaan.   Abstract This research aims to examine in depth the legal protection provided to workers who experience workplace accidents resulting from the company's suboptimal implementation of occupational safety and health (OHS). It also examines the legal consequences arising from delays in reporting workplace accidents. This research was conducted using a normative legal research method that combines a statutory regulatory approach and a case study approach. It relies on legal materials from a literature review and is analyzed through a qualitative approach. The research findings indicate that normative aspects of legal protection for workers have been formulated through regulations regarding OHS, the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3), and the employment social security system. However, in the workplace accident incident that occurred at PT Harmoni Panca Usaha, East Kalimantan, the implementation of these provisions has not been effective, contributing to the accident. Furthermore, the 19-day delay in submitting the workplace accident report has various legal implications, including delayed fulfillment of workers' rights, hampered investigations, and the possibility of administrative sanctions against the company. Keywords: Legal protection, work accidents, employment

of, from, in, the IDENTIFIKASI PARASIT IKAN POGOT DARI TANGKAPAN ALAM PERAIRAN SELAT BALI

Ikan pogot (Odonus niger dan Melichthys niger) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan karang yang ditemukan di perairan Selat Bali, Indonesia. Ikan ini memiliki potensi untuk dibudidayakan, namun rentan terhadap infeksi parasit yang dapat memengaruhi kualitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi parasit yang menginfeksi ikan pogot sehingga dapat memberikan informasi yang bermanfaat bagi pembudidaya dalam pencegahan dan penanganan. Sebanyak 48 ekor ikan pogot ditangkap dari perairan Selat Bali dan diperiksa secara makroskopis serta mikroskopis menggunakan teknik scraping dan biopsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tiga jenis parasit, yaitu Chilodonella sp., Diplectanum sp., dan Neoechinorhynchus sp., dengan Diplectanum sp. sebagai jenis yang paling dominan dan terdeteksi pada insang ikan. Gejala klinis yang muncul pada ikan terinfeksi meliputi kesulitan bernapas serta perubahan warna insang menjadi pucat. Analisis prevalensi dan intensitas menunjukkan bahwa Diplectanum sp. pada O. niger memiliki prevalensi 30% (umum) dengan intensitas 0,14 ind/ekor (sangat rendah), sedangkan pada M. niger prevalensinya 20% (sering) dengan intensitas 0,2 ind/ekor (sangat rendah). Neoechinorhynchus sp. hanya ditemukan pada M. niger dengan prevalensi 12% (sering) dan intensitas 0,33 ind/ekor (sangat rendah). Sementara itu, O. niger juga terinfeksi dengan prevalensi 17% (sering) dan intensitas 0,25 ind/ekor (sangat rendah). Temuan tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa infeksi parasit pada ikan pogot di Selat Bali tergolong rendah, namun tetap perlu diwaspadai karena berpotensi memengaruhi kesehatan ikan dan keberhasilan budidaya.Ikan pogot (Odonus niger dan Melichthys niger) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan karang yang ditemukan di perairan Selat Bali, Indonesia. Ikan ini memiliki potensi untuk dibudidayakan, namun terdapat ancaman infeksi parasit yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi parasit yang menginfeksi ikan pogot guna memberikan informasi yang berguna bagi pembudidaya dalam pencegahan dan penanganan parasit. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ikan pogot sebanyak 48 ekor yang ditangkap dari perairan Selat Bali. Pemeriksaan parasit dilakukan dengan metode makroskopis dan mikroskopis menggunakan teknik scraping dan biopsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis parasit yang ditemukan, yaitu Chilodonella sp., Diplectanum sp., dan Neoechinorhynchus sp. Jenis parasit yang mendominasi adalah Diplectanum sp., yang terdeteksi pada insang ikan. Gejala klinis yang terlihat pada ikan yang terinfeksi termasuk kesulitan bernapas dan perubahan warna insang yang pucat. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting bagi pembudidaya ikan pogot dalam mengatasi infestasi parasit yang dapat mengganggu proses budidaya

From Leadership to Innovation: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction in a Semi-Military Organization

This study examines how transformational leadership and organisational culture influence innovative work behaviour in semi-military defence organisations, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. Drawing on transformational leadership theory, Denison’s cultural model, and affective-motivational perspectives, the study explores psychological mechanisms that shape innovation in highly hierarchical settings. A quantitative survey of 288 employees from a state-owned defence manufacturer in Indonesia was analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results show that both transformational leadership and organisational culture significantly enhance job satisfaction. Organisational culture also directly increases innovative work behaviour, whereas transformational leadership does not exert a direct effect. Instead, its influence on innovation is fully mediated by job satisfaction. Job satisfaction itself emerges as a strong predictor of innovative behaviour. These findings suggest that in rigid and hierarchical environments, innovation is more likely to arise from cultural support and positive employee experiences than from leadership behaviours alone.   &nbsp

The Relevance of Applying the Rule of Reason in Analyzing Alleged Interest Rate Cartels in Fintech Lending under Article 5 of Law No. 5 of 1999

The rapid growth of the financial technology (fintech) industry has spurred the emergence of alternative financing models through peer-to-peer (P2P) lending services in Indonesia. This innovation plays a crucial role in expanding access to financing and enhancing financial inclusion; however, it has also raised legal concerns, particularly regarding potential cartel practices in interest rate setting by operators affiliated with the Indonesian Joint Fintech Funding Association (AFPI). This study aims to analyze the relevance of applying the rule of reason approach in assessing alleged interest rate cartel practices in the fintech lending industry, as well as to evaluate to what extent this approach can reflect a balance between economic efficiency and the protection of business competition as stipulated in Article 5 of Law No. 5 of 1999. This study employs a normative legal methodology using legislative, case-based, and conceptual approaches. Previous research on competition compliance in the fintech sector has generally focused on the effectiveness of the KPPU’s compliance programs and the supervisory role of the OJK; however, it has not specifically examined interest rate standardization by industry associations within the framework of the rule of reason. In this context, the application of the rule of reason becomes crucial and context-specific, as the uniformity of interest rates facilitated by the AFPI under OJK supervision cannot automatically be classified as a violation of competition law if it is proven to enhance efficiency, reduce credit risk, and protect consumers. Thus, this study contributes a critical analysis of the relationship between fintech sectoral regulation, the role of industry associations, and the potential for price cartels from a competition law perspective, while reinforcing the urgency of integrating economic analysis into competition law enforcement in the digital sector

Legal Certainty and Protection of Separate Property in Divorce Disputes: An Analysis of Supreme Court Decision No. 4557K/PDT/2024

In general, joint property is understood as property acquired by a married couple during their marriage, so that in the event of divorce, each party has the right to claim that property. If no property separation agreement was made before the marriage, disputes often arise during divorce regarding the ownership status of the property, with both the husband and wife claiming that the disputed property belongs to them. This situation highlights the legal uncertainty surrounding the separation of personal and joint property, particularly with regard to property received as a gift from the parents of one of the parties. The legal problem becomes even more complex because Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage does not provide detailed regulations regarding the difference between joint property and personal property, thus causing legal problems in court practice when gifts or presents are claimed as joint property. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative and case approach, specifically analyzing Supreme Court Decision Number 4557K/Pdt/2024. The results of the study show that the classification of property as joint property or separate property is largely determined by the existence of concrete evidence regarding the origin of the property. Legal protection for holders of separate property rights is strengthened through a convincing system of evidence to overcome the unpreparedness and limitations of existing normative regulations. Therefore, legal protection of property in divorce cases must be based on the principles of justice, legal certainty, and proportional evidence so that the rights of each party can be protected fairly