A case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the prostate

We report a case of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the prostate. A 67-year-old man presented with urinary obstruction and an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. A physical examination revealed mild prostate enlargement and no lymphadenopathy. A needle biopsy and immunohistochemical studies of the prostate were performed, which revealed marginal zone B-cell MALT-type lymphoma. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy did not show involvement by lymphoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen and the pelvis revealed no lymphadenopathy or ascites. There was no involvement of other sites by lymphoma. The patient was diagnosed and staged as extranodal marginal zone B-cell MALT-type lymphoma of the prostate, low grade and stage I. The patient received external beam radiation therapy to the prostate with a total dose of 3600cGy in 22 fractions, and became free of disease within the following 15 months

Lack of requirement of osteopontin for inflammation, bone erosion, and cartilage damage in the K/BxN model of autoantibody-mediated arthritis

Objective. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycoprotein involved in a range of physiologic processes, including inflammation, immunity mediated by Th1 cells, and bone remodeling. It is expressed in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients and has been the subject of conflicting reports concerning its role in arthritis induced by antibodies against type II collagen. This study assessed the role of OPN in the K/BxN serum-transfer model of autoantibody-induced arthritis. Methods. Expression of OPN gene transcripts was assessed by microarray analysis of ankle RNA taken at 6 time points after transfer of K/BxN serum. OPN-sufficient or OPN-deficient littermates backcrossed for 10 generations onto the C57BL/6 genetic background were given K/BxN serum. Arthritis severity was measured by ankle thickening and a clinical index. Hind limb sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or toluidine blue and scored for inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone erosion. Results. OPN messenger RNA transcripts progressively increased in ankle joints during the course of K/BxN serum-transferred arthritis. OPN-deficient mice receiving K/BxN serum developed arthritis with kinetics and clinical severity comparable with those of OPN-sufficient littermates. Histologic assessment of arthritic joints from OPN-deficient mice revealed synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, mononuclear cell infiltration, bone erosion, cartilage damage at sites adjacent to and distal from pannus invasion, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells at sites of bone erosion. Histopathologic scoring demonstrated comparable levels of inflammation, cartilage damage, and bone erosion in OPN-sufficient and OPN-deficient mice. Conclusion. OPN does not have a required role in inflammation, bone erosion, and cartilage damage in the K/BxN serum-transfer model

Free-living physical activity in a general Japanese population : the Hisayama Study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the free-living physical activities using accelerometer in a general Japanese population. Methods: The 2066 participants attached accelerometer for more than 7 days. We analyzed the data from 767 men and 1111 women ≧20 yr (mean age = 64±12 yr) whose physical activity data were available. The mean walking steps, metabolic equivalent tasks (METs)・hours express as Exercise (Ex), and the energy expenditure of free-living physical activity were calculated. Results: The mean daily walking steps and energy expenditure were 6499.4±3476.5 steps and 2186.7±347.2 kcal in men and 6061.1±2936.7 steps and 1770.8±292.4 kcal in women (p<0.01, respectively). The daily Ex for walking in men (201.7±121.2 Ex) was significantly higher than that in women (115.5±69.4 Ex, p<0.01). On the other hand, the daily Ex for other physical activity in men (433.8±137.0 Ex) was significantly lower than that in women (461.2±127.4 Ex, p<0.01). All measurements were significantly decreased with aging, especially in 70 and 80 age groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Free-living physical activities significantly differ among sex or age groups. Additional studies using accelerometer are needed to demonstrate the relationship between physical activities and several lifestyle-related diseases in a general Japanese population

Chemical and Immunochemical Detection of 8-Halogenated Deoxyguanosines at Early Stage Inflammation*

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) generates reactive halogenating species that can modify DNA. The aim of this study was to investigate the formation of 8-halogenated 2′-deoxyguanosines (8- halo-dGs) during inflammatory events. 8-Bromo-2′-dG (8-BrdG) and 8-chloro-2′-dG (8-CldG) were generated by treatment of MPO with hydrogen peroxide at physiological concentrations of Cl− and Br−. The formation of 8-halo-dGs with other oxidative stress biomarkers in lipopolysaccharide-treated rats was assessed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry using a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb8B3) to 8-BrdG-conjugated keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The antibody recognized both 8-BrdG and 8-CldG. In the liver of lipopolysaccharide-treated rats, immunostaining for 8-halo-dGs, halogenated tyrosines, and MPO were increased at 8 h, whereas those of 8-oxo-2′-dG (8-OxodG) and 3-nitrotyrosine were increased at 24 h. Urinary excretion of both 8-CldG and 8-BrdG was also observed earlier than those of 8-OxodG and modified tyrosines (3-nitrotyrosine, 3-chlorotyrosine, and 3- bromotyrosine). Moreover, the levels of the 8-halo-dGs in urine from human diabetic patients were 8-fold higher than in healthy subjects (n = 10, healthy and diabetic, p < 0.0001), whereas there was a moderate difference in 8-OxodG between the two groups (p < 0.001). Interestingly, positive mAb8B3 antibody staining was observed in liver tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma patients but not in liver tissue from human cirrhosis patients. These data suggest that 8-halo-dGs may be potential biomarkers of early inflammation

日本人一般住民における身体活動量の実態 : 久山町研究

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the free-living physical activities using accelerometer in a general Japanese population. Methods: The 2066 participants attached accelerometer for more than 7 days. We analyzed the data from 767 men and 1111 women ≧20 yr (mean age = 64±12 yr) whose physical activity data were available. The mean walking steps, metabolic equivalent tasks (METs)・hours express as Exercise (Ex), and the energy expenditure of free-living physical activity were calculated. Results: The mean daily walking steps and energy expenditure were 6499.4±3476.5 steps and 2186.7±347.2 kcal in men and 6061.1±2936.7 steps and 1770.8±292.4 kcal in women (p<0.01, respectively). The daily Ex for walking in men (201.7±121.2 Ex) was significantly higher than that in women (115.5±69.4 Ex, p<0.01). On the other hand, the daily Ex for other physical activity in men (433.8±137.0 Ex) was significantly lower than that in women (461.2±127.4 Ex, p<0.01). All measurements were significantly decreased with aging, especially in 70 and 80 age groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Free-living physical activities significantly differ among sex or age groups. Additional studies using accelerometer are needed to demonstrate the relationship between physical activities and several lifestyle-related diseases in a general Japanese population