1,118 research outputs found
The corporate governance and social responsibility nexus in the Lebanese banking industry
Drivers of Innovation Using BIM in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Firms
This material may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the American Society of Civil Engineers. This material may be found at https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482889.023[Otros] Architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) firms need to innovate in order to increase
their businessÂż competitiveness. Many companies around the world are considering the
possibility of implementing building information modelling (BIM) in their projects without
knowing its actual benefits for the business. The current literature recognizes certain barriers to
BIM implementation; therefore, considering these barriers, this work proposes a holistic model
that allows managers to explain how BIM can play an important role for the success of the AEC
companies. The pillars of the model are a collaborative culture and training of employees in
order to break down technological barriers. This way, BIM can help AEC companies to innovate.
This proposal takes into consideration the three phases of the infrastructure life-cycle. In the
design phase, the model considers 3D shape, scheduling (4D), costs (5D), and sustainability
(6D). In the construction phase, the model focuses on supply chain and quality management.
During the operation phase, the model is related to the virtual management of maintenance
activities. Drivers of innovation should consider several facets: marketing, technology,
organization, processes, and products. This model aims to enlighten the positive effects of a good
strategic management using BIM on innovation activities in each of the phases of the
infrastructure life-cycleVillena, F.; GarcĂa-Segura, T.; Pellicer, E. (2020). Drivers of Innovation Using BIM in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction Firms. American Society of Civil Engineers. 210-222. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784482889.023S210222Aibinu, A., & Venkatesh, S. (2014). Status of BIM Adoption and the BIM Experience of Cost Consultants in Australia. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, 140(3), 04013021. doi:10.1061/(asce)ei.1943-5541.0000193Alshubbak, A., Pellicer, E., CatalĂĄ, J., & Teixeira, J. M. C. (2015). A MODEL FOR IDENTIFYING OWNERâS NEEDS IN THE BUILDING LIFE CYCLE. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 21(8), 1046-1060. doi:10.3846/13923730.2015.1027257Autodesk Inc. (2012). Building information modelling [online] [8-06-2012]. Available from Internet: http://usa.autodesk.comAzhar, S., Khalfan, M., & Maqsood, T. (2015). Building information modelling (BIM): now and beyond. 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Developmental Neurotoxicity Study of Dietary Bisphenol A in Sprague-Dawley Rats
This study was conducted to determine the potential of bisphenol A (BPA) to induce functional and/or morphological effects to the nervous system of F1 offspring from dietary exposure during gestation and lactation according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for the study of developmental neurotoxicity. BPA was offered to female Sprague-Dawley Crl:CD (SD) rats (24 per dose group) and their litters at dietary concentrations of 0 (control), 0.15, 1.5, 75, 750, and 2250 ppm daily from gestation day 0 through lactation day 21. F1 offspring were evaluated using the following tests: detailed clinical observations (postnatal days [PNDs] 4, 11, 21, 35, 45, and 60), auditory startle (PNDs 20 and 60), motor activity (PNDs 13, 17, 21, and 61), learning and memory using the Biel water maze (PNDs 22 and 62), and brain and nervous system neuropathology and brain morphometry (PNDs 21 and 72). For F1 offspring, there were no treatment-related neurobehavioral effects, nor was there evidence of neuropathology or effects on brain morphometry. Based on maternal and offspring body weight reductions, the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for systemic toxicity was 75 ppm (5.85 and 13.1 mg/kg/day during gestation and lactation, respectively), with no treatment-related effects at lower doses or nonmonotonic dose responses observed for any parameter. There was no evidence that BPA is a developmental neurotoxicant in rats, and the NOAEL for developmental neurotoxicity was 2250 ppm, the highest dose tested (164 and 410 mg/kg/day during gestation and lactation, respectively)
A comparative analysis of national media responses to the OECD survey of adult skills: policy making from the global to the local?
OECDâs Programme of International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is put forward as a landmark development in the lifelong monitoring and international comparison of education. PIAACâs first round of the Survey of Adult Skills compared performance in Literacy, Numeracy and Problem Solving in Technology-Rich Environments across 24 countries. However, the translation of any OECD agenda into national policies is mediated by many actors including the media. This paper examines and compares how national media of Japan, England and France reported on the PIAAC results of their countries, and the extent to which these reports mirror key messages from the OECDâs Country Notes. It begins to trace how the OECD PIAAC agendas materialise into national policies. Although their role in this initial period was limited, we argue the roles of the media together with other policy actors must be monitored as they interact to shape possibilities for sustainable adult education policies
The moral legitimacy of entrepreneurs: An analysis of early-stage entrepreneurship across 26 countries
This article develops our socio-cultural understanding of entrepreneurship by examining the influence of the moral legitimacy of entrepreneurs upon an individualâs engagement in early-stage entrepreneurship. A multilevel analysis conducted across 26 countries demonstrates that the higher the perceived degree of moral legitimacy, the more likely an individual is to consider starting a business, to begin preparing a business and to progress to actually found and run the business. We conclude that moral norms in society are an important influence upon early-stage entrepreneurship; thus, it is critical to legitimize the position of entrepreneurs as moral and beneficial for society as a whole
Suitability of pesticide risk indicators for less developed countries: a comparison
Pesticide risk indicators provide simple support in the assessment of environmental and health risks
from pesticide use, and can therefore inform policies to foster a sustainable interaction of agriculture
with the environment. For their relative simplicity, indicators may be particularly useful under conditions
of limited data availability and resources, such as in Less Developed Countries (LDCs). However,
indicator complexity can vary significantly, in particular between those that rely on an exposureâtoxicity
ratio (ETR) and those that do not. In addition, pesticide risk indicators are usually developed for Western
contexts, which might cause incorrect estimation in LDCs. This study investigated the appropriateness
of seven pesticide risk indicators for use in LDCs, with reference to smallholding agriculture in Colombia.
Seven farm-level indicators, among which 3 relied on an ETR (POCER, EPRIP, PIRI) and 4 on a non-ETR
approach (EIQ, PestScreen, OHRI, Dosemeci et al., 2002), were calculated and then compared by means
of the Spearman rank correlation test. Indicators were also compared with respect to key indicator characteristics,
i.e. user friendliness and ability to represent the system under study. The comparison of the
indicators in terms of the total environmental risk suggests that the indicators not relying on an ETR
approach cannot be used as a reliable proxy for more complex, i.e. ETR, indicators. ETR indicators, when
user-friendly, show a comparative advantage over non-ETR in best combining the need for a relatively
simple tool to be used in contexts of limited data availability and resources, and for a reliable estimation
of environmental risk. Non-ETR indicators remain useful and accessible tools to discriminate between
different pesticides prior to application. Concerning the human health risk, simple algorithms seem more
appropriate for assessing human health risk in LDCs. However, further research on health risk indicators
and their validation under LDC conditions is needed
Fiscal Transparency, Elections and Public Employment: Evidence from the OECD
There is considerable variation in levels and changes in public employment within and between developed democracies. This article highlights the importance of fiscal transparency in determining changes in public employment. It argues that economic growth increases public employment under low fiscal transparency and that this effect is strongest in years of election. These hypotheses are tested on a panel of 20 OECD countries from 1995 to 2010. The analyses show substantial evidence in favor of the arguments. Fiscal transparency lowers the positive effect of growth on public employment, a relationship, which is most robust in election years
Veteran teachers' identity: what does the research literature tell us?
This paper provides an overview of research on veteran teachers and teacher identity. It analyses issues at the personal, situated and professional levels that have been shown to impact on veteran teachers' identities. The search included empirical studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2005 and 2016. In total, 19 papers were analysed. Findings revealed that many studies focused on veteran teachers' resilience. Issues concerning veteran teachers' identities are key to understanding why they remain in the profession and are able to sustain their motivation and commitment over time. Many veteran teachers portrayed in the literature built on their confidence regarding their professional competence and relied on internal and external issues to maintain their motivation and commitment to teaching. The role of emotions in the transformation of veteran teachers' identities and the permeable boundaries of the personal, situated and professional scenarios influencing veteran teachers' identities are highlighted in the paper.Financial Support by CIEC (Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho; FCT R&D unit 317, Portugal) by the Strategic Project UID/CED/00317/2013, with financial support of National Funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) and co-financed by European Regional Development Funds (FEDER) through the COMPETE 2020 - Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Program (POCI) with the reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-00756
Problems and Paradoxes in Economic and Social Policies of Modern Welfare States
Relationships between economic growth rates and the expansion of welfare expenditures in Western nations are examined. The point is made that real gross national product grew rapidly from about 1959 until about 1973, but that since 1973 it has either grown slowly or not at all, while welfare expenditures and entitlements have continued to escalate. Forecasts of a variety of important economic variables in these countries for the near term are presented and discussed, and it is concluded that despite the current modest economic improvement, difficulties in funding welfare states will continue throughout the remainder of the 1980s. Some consideration is given to problems in welfare states to the end of the century, and further difficulties in funding and managing these states are forecast for this period as well. Problems of welfare states are not regarded as short-term by-products of maladjustments experienced in the Western world in the last 10 years but rather as long-term characteristics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67103/2/10.1177_000271628547900102.pd
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