Diques lamprofíricos norteados con facies brechoidales eruptivas en la región de La Palamera de Ávila (Sistema Central español)

[Resumen] Según direcciones N-S afloran diques diabásicos y lamprofíricos en los sectores centrales del Sistema Central, estos últimos, muy localmente (Sierra de La Paramera), presentan facies brechoidales eruptivas que podrían explicarse como fenómenos de tipo diatrema, generados en un proceso de fluidizaci6n del magma lamprofírico. Los lamprófiros pueden considerarse términos alcalinos, en cuyas facies brechoidales engloban gran cantidad de xenolitos, tanto de las rocas encajantes (granitos, pórfidos graníticos, apIopegmatitas, ...), como de rocas esquistosas y granul1ticas varias (charnockitas, granoblastitas de granate y rutilo, ... ), de niveles más profundos[Abstract] In the central part oE the Sistema Central thelamprophyre dikes of N-S direction locally show (Sierra de La Paramera) an eruptive breccia facies that ve explain by a fluidization process similar to diatreme types. This lamprophyres, alkaline in composition, contain a lot oE xenoliths in that breccia facies. They are not also wall rocks xenoliths (granites, microgranites, aplopegmatites, ... ) but schistose and granulitic types (foliated or massives with charnockitic character, granoblastites with garnet and rutile, ... ), from deeper level

Estrés parental y desarrollo infantil en niños prematuros

El presente trabajo trata de analizar si los niveles de estrés experimentados por los progenitores inciden sobre el desarrollo mental y motor de un grupo de niños nacidos demasiado pequeños o demasiado pronto. Participaron 19 niños y niñas nacidos, con menos de 36 semanas de gestación (media 29,84) y menos de 1500 gramos (media 1099,89), en el Hospital 12 de octubre de Madrid cuyos padres y madres consintieron participar en este trabajo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala BSID-II para obtener los índices del desarrollo mental y psicomotor en los niños cuando alcanzaron la edad 2 años y la PSI de Abidin, para valorar el estrés total de los padres y madres participantes, así como su percepción de Malestar Paterno, Interacción Disfuncional y Niño Difícil. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de comparaciones de medias para muestras independientes. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias significativas entre los altos y los bajos niveles de estrés en cuanto a su incidencia en el desarrollo. En general, tanto en las madres como en los padres, cuando se obtiene una puntuación baja de estrés, existe un mejor desarrollo mental y psicomotor en los niños. Estos resultados se discuten a la luz de las investigaciones sobre el tema y se analizan las implicaciones para la elaboración de programas de atención temprana.The current document analyze if the parent’s stress levels influence the mental and motor development of a children’s group being born too young or too small. The participants were 19 preterm children born at the “Hospital 12 de Octubre” of Madrid with less than 36 gestation weeks (mean 29,84) and 1500 grammes (mean 1099,89), whose parents were agree to take part in this study. The employed instruments were the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-II) to obtain the mental and psychomotor index scores of the toddlers at 2 years old; and the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI) of Abidin. to assess the Total Stress of the parents, and their perception of Parental Distress, Dysfunctional Parent-Child Interactions and Difficult Child also. The obtained data were analyzed comparing the means of two independent samples. The results show that there are significant differences in the children’s development depending of the high or low parental stress levels. In general terms, when parents have low levels of stress, a better mental and psychomotor development is observed in their children. These results are discussed in the light of other researches about the issue, being considered as well, their implications for the implementation of early intervention programs.peerReviewe

Parametrization of the average ionization and radiative cooling rates of carbon plasmas in a wide range of density and temperature

In this work we present an analysis of the influence of the thermodynamic regime on the monochromatic emissivity, the radiative power loss and the radiative cooling rate for optically thin carbon plasmas over a wide range of electron temperature and density assuming steady state situations. Furthermore, we propose analytical expressions depending on the electron density and temperature for the average ionization and cooling rate based on polynomial fittings which are valid for the whole range of plasma conditions considered in this work

Los domos sálicos de Tenerife, Islas Canarias

Morphological, petrological and geochemical features of the felsic domes in Tenerife are treated. Two main groups have been established: Old Edifices Domes and Recent Series Domes, subdivided in minor groups according to their volcano-stratigraphic position. There are many morphological types, each group showing different typical characters. Haüyne phonolites are the most common rocks, although nepheline phonolites and trachytes are also present. Chemical analysis indicate major abundance of undersaturated terms and higher differentiation in the Recent Series Domes than in the üld Edifices Domes. Both groups are clearly separated in usual diagrams and specially show different trends in Al, Fe, K, Ti, Nb, Y and Ce elementsSe estudian las características morfológicas, petrológicas y geoquímicas de los domos sálicos de Tenerife, separándolos en dos grupos: domos de los edificios antiguos y domos de las series recientes. A su vez en cada uno de éstos se han distinguido varios subgrupos atendiendo a su localización volcanoestratigráfica. Los tipos morfológicos son variados, cada uno de ellos con características particulares. Las rocas más comunes son fonolitas haüynicas, existiendo menor abundancia de fonolitas nefelínicas y de traquitas. Geoquímicamente se comprueba que los términos más abundantes son también los subsaturados, siendo los domos de las series recientes los más diferenciados. En distintos diagramas se observa que quedan bien separados los dos grandes grupos establecidos, los cuales presentan diferentes pautas de variación para algunos elementos tales como Al, Fe, K, Ti, Nb, Y Y Ce, entre otros

Estrés parental y desarrollo infantil en niños prematuros

El presente trabajo trata de analizar si los niveles de estrés experimentados por los progenitores inciden sobre el desarrollo mental y motor de un grupo de niños nacidos demasiado pequeños o demasiado pronto. Participaron 19 niños y niñas nacidos, con menos de 36 semanas de gestación (media 29,84) y menos de 1500 gramos (media 1099,89), en el Hospital 12 de octubre de Madrid cuyos padres y madres consintieron participar en este trabajo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala BSID-II para obtener los índices del desarrollo mental y psicomotor en los niños cuando alcanzaron la edad 2 años y la PSI de Abidin, para valorar el estrés total de los padres y madres participantes, así como su percepción de Malestar Paterno, Interacción Disfuncional y Niño Difícil. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de comparaciones de medias para muestras independientes. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias significativas entre los altos y los bajos niveles de estrés en cuanto a su incidencia en el desarrollo. En general, tanto en las madres como en los padres, cuando se obtiene una puntuación baja de estrés, existe un mejor desarrollo mental y psicomotor en los niños. Estos resultados se discuten a la luz de las investigaciones sobre el tema y se analizan las implicaciones para la elaboración de programas de atención temprana.The current document analyze if the parent’s stress levels influence the mental and motor development of a children’s group being born too young or too small. The participants were 19 preterm children born at the “Hospital 12 de Octubre” of Madrid with less than 36 gestation weeks (mean 29,84) and 1500 grammes (mean 1099,89), whose parents were agree to take part in this study. The employed instruments were the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-II) to obtain the mental and psychomotor index scores of the toddlers at 2 years old; and the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI) of Abidin. to assess the Total Stress of the parents, and their perception of Parental Distress, Dysfunctional Parent-Child Interactions and Difficult Child also. The obtained data were analyzed comparing the means of two independent samples. The results show that there are significant differences in the children’s development depending of the high or low parental stress levels. In general terms, when parents have low levels of stress, a better mental and psychomotor development is observed in their children. These results are discussed in the light of other researches about the issue, being considered as well, their implications for the implementation of early intervention programs.peerReviewe

The ERA Registry Annual Report 2021: a summary

[EN] Background The European Renal Association (ERA) Registry collects data on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This paper is a summary of the ERA Registry Annual Report 2021, including a comparison across treatment modalities.Methods Data was collected from 54 national and regional registries from 36 countries, of which 35 registries from 18 countries contributed individual patient data and 19 registries from 19 countries contributed aggregated data. Using this data, incidence and prevalence of KRT, kidney transplantation rates, survival probabilities and expected remaining lifetimes were calculated.Result In 2021, 533.2 million people in the general population were covered by the ERA Registry. The incidence of KRT was 145 per million population (pmp). In incident patients, 55% were 65 years or older, 64% were male, and the most common primary renal disease (PRD) was diabetes (22%). The prevalence of KRT was 1040 pmp. In prevalent patients, 47% were 65 years or older, 62% were male, and the most common PRDs were diabetes and glomerulonephritis/sclerosis (both 16%). On 31 December 2021, 56% of patients received haemodialysis, 5% received peritoneal dialysis, and 39% were living with a functioning graft. The kidney transplantation rate in 2021 was 37 pmp, a majority coming from deceased donors (66%). For patients initiating KRT between 2012-2016, 5-year survival probability was 52%. Compared to the general population, life expectancy was 65% and 68% shorter for males and females receiving dialysis, and 40% and 43% shorter for males and females living with a functioning graft.The ERA Registry is funded by the European Renal Association (ERA). This article was written by B.A. Boerstra et al. on behalf of the ERA Registry, which is an official body of the ERA. P.B. reports payments from AstraZeneca and Takeda. S.B. reports consulting fees from GSK, Bayer, and AstraZeneca. A.C.A. reports payments from Diaverum Spain. F.J. reports payments from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, and Merck; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Servier, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Fresenius. J.M. reports receiving support for attending meetings and/or travel from CSL Vifor. M.F.S.-R. reports receiving consulting fees from Baxter, Fresenius, and Nipro; payments from Baxter and Fresenius; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Vifor, Fresenius, and Palex. I.Z. reports consulting fees from Astellas, Pharma, and Bayer; and payments from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Behringer Ingelheim, Norameda, and Swixx Biopharma. A.O. reports receiving grants from Sanofi; and consultancy or speaker fees or travel support from Advicciene, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Amicus, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fresenius Medical Care, GSK, Bayer, Sanofi-Genzyme, Menarini, Mundipharma, Kyowa Kirin, Lilly, Alexion, Freeline, Idorsia, Chiesi, Otsuka, Novo-Nordisk, Sysmex, and Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma. K.J.J. reports receiving funds from ERA during the conduct of the study and grants from ESPN. V.S.S. reports receiving funds from ERA.Boerstra, BA.; Boenink, R.; Astley, ME.; Bonthuis, M.; Elhafeez, SA.; Arribas Monzón, F.; Asberg, A.... (2024). The ERA Registry Annual Report 2021: a summary. Clinical Kidney Journal. 17(2). https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfad28117

Spain

This chapter presents a review of the situation concerning the various geomorphological hazards in the country, including some information about existing programmes for research, control and mitigation. With its great variety of climatic, geological and morphodynamic environments, Spain is subject to every kind of natural hazard: tsunamis, floods, volcanism, and mass movements. The whole of the territory is prone to some kind of geomorphological hazard but it is in the eastern and southern coastal strips that the risks are greatest. One of the main problems for the mitigation of geomorphological hazards in Spain is the lack of an appropriate regulatory framework for the incorporation of natural hazard assessments into land-use planning and management at the macro-, meso- and micro-planning levels. The coverage of hazard mapping is still far from complete or adequate, and much work remains to be done. There has been considerable diversity in the methods used for risk assessment and for the cartographic representation of natural hazards. An urgent need is to establish common, accepted methodologies and criteria, based on indicators defined as clearly as possible, and to standardize map legends and scales for different planning levels. Information programmes for the general public also need to be considerably expanded

Renal replacement therapy in Europe : A summary of the 2013 ERA-EDTA Registry Annual Report with a focus on diabetes mellitus

Publisher Copyright: © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA.Background: This article provides a summary of the 2013 European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry Annual Report (available at http://www.era-edta-reg.org), with a focus on patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as the cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods: In 2015, the ERA-EDTA Registry received data on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for ESRD from 49 national or regional renal registries in 34 countries in Europe and bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Individual patient datawere provided by 31 registries, while 18 registries provided aggregated data. The total population covered by the participating registries comprised 650 million people. Results: In total, 72 933 patients started RRT for ESRD within the countries and regions reporting to the ERA-EDTA Registry, resulting in an overall incidence of 112 per million population (pmp). The overall prevalence on 31 December 2013was 738 pmp (n = 478 990). Patients with DM as the cause of ESRD comprised 24% of the incident RRT patients (26 pmp) and 17% of the prevalent RRT patients (122 pmp).Whencompared with the USA, the incidence of patients starting RRTpmpsecondary toDMin Europe was five times lower and the incidence of RRT due to other causes of ESRD was two times lower. Overall, 19 426 kidney transplants were performed (30 pmp). The 5-year adjusted survival for all RRT patients was 60.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 60.5-61.3] and 50.6% (95% CI 49.9-51.2) for patients with DM as the cause of ESRD.publishersversionPeer reviewe

The ERA Registry Annual Report 2019 : summary and age comparisons

Background Data on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease were collected by the European Renal Association (ERA) Registry via national and regional renal registries in Europe and countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. This article provides a summary of the 2019 ERA Registry Annual Report, including data from 34 countries and additional age comparisons. Methods Individual patient data for 2019 were provided by 35 registries and aggregated data by 17 registries. Using these data, the incidence and prevalence of RRT, the kidney transplantation activity and the survival probabilities were calculated. Results In 2019, a general population of 680.8 million people was covered by the ERA Registry. Overall, the incidence of RRT was 132 per million population (p.m.p.). Of these patients, 62% were men, 54% were >= 65 years of age and 21% had diabetes mellitus as primary renal disease (PRD), and 84% had haemodialysis (HD), 11% had peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 5% had pre-emptive kidney transplantation as an initial treatment modality. The overall prevalence of RRT on 31 December 2019 was 893 p.m.p., with 58% of patients on HD, 5% on PD and 37% living with a kidney transplant. The overall kidney transplant rate was 35 p.m.p. and 29% of the kidney grafts were from a living donor. The unadjusted 5-year survival probability was 42.3% for patients commencing dialysis, 86.6% for recipients of deceased donor grafts and 94.4% for recipients of living donor grafts in the period 2010-14. When comparing age categories, there were substantial differences in the distribution of PRD, treatment modality and kidney donor type, and in the survival probabilities.Peer reviewe