Maker Meaning: An Exploration of the Maker Movement, Career Adaptability, and Life Satisfaction

Throughout history work has provided meaning for people by defining the role of each individual in relation to the greater society. The new normal is not a career that will last a lifetime but instead a career path through a series of transitions. This study sought out to explore how the Maker Movement might be important to career development in this new climate of unpredictability specifically with regard to career adaptability, engagement, and life satisfaction. Given the lack of information about the characteristics and motivations of those participating in the Maker Movement, descriptive data was also gathered. Participants included 182 individuals, over the age of 18, who have participated in the Maker Movement. Participants took online assessments that included a demographic form, the Career Adapt-abilities Scale - USA, the Occupational Engagement Scale for Employed Adults – Revised, and the Making as Meaning Inventory. Consistent with prior research, it was found that Makers tend to be White, to hold a college degree, to be employed, and to have a mean personal income of roughly $54,000. This study found that women are participating in the Maker Movement at equal rates as men, contrary to previous findings. Additionally, Makers are more likely to engage with a Maker Faire or online, than at a Makerspace. No relationship was found between Maker participation and career adaptability or occupational engagement. However, meaning from Making was associated with higher life satisfaction. This research revealed meaning from Making as an important aspect of life, and is echoed by Makers, “Making is a way to make life meaningful.

Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Myelin Regeneration in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) display potent immunomodulatory and regenerative capabilities through the secretion of bioactive factors, such as proteins, cytokines, chemokines as well as the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These functional properties of MSCs make them ideal candidates for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a heterogenous disease that is typically characterized by inflammation, demyelination, gliosis and axonal loss. In the current study, an induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) murine model of MS was utilized. At peak disease onset, animals were treated with saline, placenta-derived MSCs (PMSCs), as well as low and high doses of PMSC-EVs. Animals treated with PMSCs and high-dose PMSC-EVs displayed improved motor function outcomes as compared to animals treated with saline. Symptom improvement by PMSCs and PMSC-EVs led to reduced DNA damage in oligodendroglia populations and increased myelination within the spinal cord of treated mice. In vitro data demonstrate that PMSC-EVs promote myelin regeneration by inducing endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells to differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. These findings support that PMSCs' mechanism of action is mediated by the secretion of EVs. Therefore, PMSC-derived EVs are a feasible alternative to cellular based therapies for MS, as demonstrated in an animal model of the disease

Koinonia

Best Practices FeaturesStudents of Concern Committee: Coordinating Care, Connie Horton and Mark Davis Want to Change Student Culture on Your Campus? Do the CORE!, Eric Lowdermilk Spotlight FeaturesYou Only Get 1 Up, Justin Heth and Caleb Farmer The Season, Sharon Virkler Book ReviewsThe Future of Christian Learning: An Evangelical and Catholic Dialogue (by Mark Noll and James Turner), reviewed by Philip D. Byers Restoring Rebecca: A Story of Traumatic Stress, Caregiving and the Unmasking of a Superhero (by Christopher Marchand), reviewed by David M. Johnstone A Review of Culture Making: Recovering our Creative Calling (by Andy Crouch), reviewed by Jeff Rioux Revisiting How Minority Students Experience College: Implications for Planning and Policy (by LKemuel Watson, Melvin Terrell, Doris Wright, Fred Bonner II, Michael Cuyjet, James Gold, Donna Rudy and Dawn Person), reviewed by Joshua Canada Excerpts from Breathe: Finding Freedom to Thrive in Relationships after Childhood Sexual Abuse, Nicole Braddock Bromley ReflectionsMy Journey into Student Affairs, Kim Stave FeaturesThe President\u27s Corner Editor\u27s Deskhttps://pillars.taylor.edu/acsd_koinonia/1079/thumbnail.jp

Congenital anomalies in low- and middle-income countries: the unborn child of global surgery.

Surgically correctable congenital anomalies cause a substantial burden of global morbidity and mortality. These anomalies disproportionately affect children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to sociocultural, economic, and structural factors that limit the accessibility and quality of pediatric surgery. While data from LMICs are sparse, available evidence suggests that the true human and financial cost of congenital anomalies is grossly underestimated and that pediatric surgery is a cost-effective intervention with the potential to avert significant premature mortality and lifelong disability

The Intersection of Information Ethics and Policy: Challenges and Opportunities for LIS Educators

The purpose of this session is to 1) present actual strategies and/or resources for addressing ethics and policy in LIS courses, and 2) engage the audience in discussions about the implications of ethics and policy in LIS instruction and research. The presentations in this peerreviewed panel will present diverse perspectives on the nature of information ethics and policy, and the relationship between them. These presentations highlight the role of ethics in policy, including real world examples highly relevant to LIS education and research. They include: • Lucy Santos Green and Melissa Johnston will present Educating Future LIS Scholars and Professionals on Ethical Publishing Policy for Scholarly Research. • A.J. Million and Johanna Bleckman will present Research Data Management and Street Level Bureaucracy. • Lesley Farmer will present Taking Ethical Responsibility for Addressing Fake News. • Michele Villagran and Suliman Hawamdeh will present Information Ethics from a Multicultural Perspective: Content Analysis of Library and Information Science Publications. • Dian Walster will present Using Student Created Scenarios to Teach Professional Ethics. The panel will begin with a brief introduction on the topic (5 minutes), followed by five 15 minute presentations (75 minutes). Panelists will conclude the session with a discussion related to the implications for LIS instruction and research (10 minutes)

Results of a participatory needs assessment demonstrate an opportunity to involve people who use alcohol in drug user activism and harm reduction

BACKGROUND: Drug users’ organizations have made progress in recent years in advocating for the health and human rights of people who use illicit drugs but have historically not emphasized the needs of people who drink alcohol. METHODS: This paper reports on a qualitative participatory needs assessment with people who use illicit substances in British Columbia, Canada. We held workshops in 17 communities; these were facilitated by people who use illicit drugs, recorded with ethnographic fieldnotes, and analyzed using critical theory. RESULTS: Although the workshops were targeted to people who use illicit drugs, people who primarily consume alcohol also attended. An unexpected finding was the potential for drug users’ organizations and other harm reduction programs to involve “illicit drinkers”: people who drink non-beverage alcohol (e.g. mouthwash, rubbing alcohol) and those who drink beverage alcohol in criminalized ways (e.g., homeless drinkers). Potential points of alliance between these groups are common priorities (specifically, improving treatment by health professionals and the police, expanding housing options, and implementing harm reduction services), common values (reducing surveillance and improving accountability of services), and polysubstance use. CONCLUSIONS: Despite these potential points of alliance, there has historically been limited involvement of illicit drinkers in drug users’ activism. Possible barriers to involvement of illicit drinkers in drug users’ organizations include racism (as discourses around alcohol use are highly racialized), horizontal violence, the extreme marginalization of illicit drinkers, and knowledge gaps around harm reduction for alcohol. Understanding the commonalities between people who use drugs and people who use alcohol, as well as the potential barriers to alliance between them, may facilitate the greater involvement of illicit drinkers in drug users’ organizations and harm reduction services

Self-Regulated Glucose-Sensitive Neoglycoenzyme-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Insulin Delivery

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Oroval, Mar, Paula Díez, Elena Aznar, Carmen Coll, María Dolores Marcos, Félix Sancenón, Reynaldo Villalonga, and Ramón Martínez-Máñez. 2016. Self-Regulated Glucose-Sensitive Neoglycoenzyme-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Insulin Delivery. Chemistry - A European Journal 23 (6). Wiley: 1353 60. doi:10.1002/chem.201604104, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201604104. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."[EN] We describe herein the preparation of glucose-sensitive capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for insulin delivery. The new material consists of an expanded-pore nanometric silica support grafted with 1-propyl-1-H-benzimidazole groups, loaded with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin (FITC-Ins) and capped by the formation of inclusion complexes between cyclodextrin-modified glucose oxidase (CD-GOx) and the benzimidazole groups grafted on the mesoporous support. Insulin delivery from the gated material in simulated blood plasma was assessed upon addition of glucose. Glucose is transformed by GOx into gluconic acid, which promoted the dethreading of the benzimidazole-CD-GOx inclusion complexes, allowing cargo release. Small quantities of this support would be needed to release the amount of insulin necessary to decrease diabetic blood glucose concentrations to regular levels.The authors thank the Spanish Government (projects CTQ2011-24355, MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R, CTQ2014-58989-P, and AGL2015-70235-C2-2-R (MINECO/FEDER)) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEOII/2014/047) for support. M.O. thanks the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia for her FPI grant. P.D. thanks the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad for her FPI grant (BES-2012-054066). C.C. thanks the Generalitat Valenciana for her postdoctoral contract VALi+D.Oroval, M.; Díez, P.; Aznar, E.; Coll Merino, MC.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Sancenón Galarza, F.; Villalonga, R.... (2017). Self-Regulated Glucose-Sensitive Neoglycoenzyme-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Insulin Delivery. Chemistry - A European Journal. 23(6):1353-1360. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201604104S13531360236Nicole, L., Laberty-Robert, C., Rozes, L., & Sanchez, C. (2014). Hybrid materials science: a promised land for the integrative design of multifunctional materials. Nanoscale, 6(12), 6267-6292. doi:10.1039/c4nr01788aBeltrán-Osuna, Á. A., & Perilla, J. E. (2015). Colloidal and spherical mesoporous silica particles: synthesis and new technologies for delivery applications. 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Polymer Journal, 16(8), 625-631. doi:10.1295/polymj.16.625Wu, Z., Zhang, X., Guo, H., Li, C., & Yu, D. (2012). An injectable and glucose-sensitive nanogel for controlled insulin release. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22(42), 22788. doi:10.1039/c2jm34082hLiu, P., Luo, Q., Guan, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2010). Drug release kinetics from monolayer films of glucose-sensitive microgel. Polymer, 51(12), 2668-2675. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.011Zhang, X., Guan, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2012). Dynamically bonded layer-by-layer films for self-regulated insulin release. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22(32), 16299. doi:10.1039/c2jm33413eAkhtar, N., El-Safty, S. A., Abdelsalam, M. E., & Kawarada, H. (2015). One-Pot Fabrication of Dendritic NiO@carbon-nitrogen Dot Electrodes for Screening Blood Glucose Level in Diabetes. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 4(14), 2110-2119. doi:10.1002/adhm.201500369Zhao, Y., Trewyn, B. G., Slowing, I. I., & Lin, V. S.-Y. (2009). Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Double Drug Delivery System for Glucose-Responsive Controlled Release of Insulin and Cyclic AMP. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(24), 8398-8400. doi:10.1021/ja901831uZhao, W., Zhang, H., He, Q., Li, Y., Gu, J., Li, L., … Shi, J. (2011). A glucose-responsive controlled release of insulin system based on enzyme multilayers-coated mesoporous silica particles. Chemical Communications, 47(33), 9459. doi:10.1039/c1cc12740cJain, R. N., Huang, X., Das, S., Silva, R., Ivanova, V., Minko, T., & Asefa, T. (2014). Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Glucose- and pH-Stimulated Release of Insulin. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 640(3-4), 616-623. doi:10.1002/zaac.201300604Pérez-Esteve, É., Fuentes, A., Coll, C., Acosta, C., Bernardos, A., Amorós, P., … Barat, J. M. (2015). Modulation of folic acid bioaccessibility by encapsulation in pH-responsive gated mesoporous silica particles. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 202, 124-132. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.09.049Giménez, C., de la Torre, C., Gorbe, M., Aznar, E., Sancenón, F., Murguía, J. R., … Amorós, P. (2015). Gated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Controlled Delivery of Drugs in Cancer Cells. Langmuir, 31(12), 3753-3762. doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00139De la Torre, C., Casanova, I., Acosta, G., Coll, C., Moreno, M. J., Albericio, F., … Martínez-Máñez, R. (2014). Gated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Using a Double-Role Circular Peptide for the Controlled and Target-Preferential Release of Doxorubicin in CXCR4-Expresing Lymphoma Cells. Advanced Functional Materials, 25(5), 687-695. doi:10.1002/adfm.201403822Aznar, E., Villalonga, R., Giménez, C., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., … Amorós, P. (2013). Glucose-triggered release using enzyme-gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Chemical Communications, 49(57), 6391. doi:10.1039/c3cc42210kMizutani, M., Yamada, Y., Nakamura, T., & Yano, K. (2008). Anomalous Pore Expansion of Highly Monodispersed Mesoporous Silica Spheres and Its Application to the Synthesis of Porous Ferromagnetic Composite. Chemistry of Materials, 20(14), 4777-4782. doi:10.1021/cm702792eKim, M.-H., Na, H.-K., Kim, Y.-K., Ryoo, S.-R., Cho, H. S., Lee, K. E., … Min, D.-H. (2011). Facile Synthesis of Monodispersed Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Ultralarge Pores and Their Application in Gene Delivery. ACS Nano, 5(5), 3568-3576. doi:10.1021/nn103130qBarrett, E. P., Joyner, L. G., & Halenda, P. P. (1951). The Determination of Pore Volume and Area Distributions in Porous Substances. I. Computations from Nitrogen Isotherms. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 73(1), 373-380. doi:10.1021/ja01145a126Brunauer, S., Emmett, P. H., & Teller, E. (1938). Adsorption of Gases in Multimolecular Layers. 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Use of a focus group-based cognitive interview methodology to validate a cooking behavior survey among African-American adults

Disparities in diet-related diseases persist among African-Americans despite advances in risk factor identification and evidence-based management strategies. Cooking is a dietary behavior linked to improved dietary quality and cardiometabolic health outcomes. However, epidemiologic studies suggest that African-American adults report a lower frequency of cooking at home when compared to other racial groups, despite reporting on average cooking time. To better understand cooking behavior among African-Americans and reported disparities in behavior, we sought to develop a survey instrument using focus group-based cognitive interviews, a pretesting method that provides insights into a survey respondent’s interpretation and mental processing of survey questions. A comprised survey instrument was developed based on input from a community advisory board, a literature review, and a content review by cooking behavior experts. The cognitive interview pretesting of the instrument involved African-American adults (n = 11) at risk for cardiovascular disease who were recruited from a community-based participatory research study in Washington, D.C., to participate in a focus group-based cognitive interview. Cognitive interview methodologies included the verbal think-aloud protocol and the use of retrospective probes. Thematic analysis and evaluation of verbalized cognitive processes were conducted using verbatim transcripts. Five thematic themes related to the survey were generated: (1) Clarity and relevancy of question items; (2) influence of participants’ perspectives and gender roles; (3) participant social desirability response to questions; (4) concern regarding question intent. Eleven survey items were determined as difficult by participants. Cooking topics for these items were: cooking practices, cooking skills, cooking perception (how one defines cooking), food shopping skills, and socialization around cooking. Question comprehension and interpreting response selections were the most common problems identified. Cognitive interviews are useful for cooking research as they can evaluate survey questions to determine if the meaning of the question as intended by the researcher is communicated to the respondents—specific implications from the results that apply to cooking research include revising questions on cooking practice and skills. Focus-group-based cognitive interviews may provide a feasible method to develop culturally grounded survey instruments to help understand disparities in behavior for culturally relevant diet behaviors such as cooking

Secondary mutations as a mechanism of cisplatin resistance in BRCA2-mutated cancers

Ovarian carcinomas with mutations in the tumour suppressor BRCA2 are particularly sensitive to platinum compounds. However, such carcinomas ultimately develop cisplatin resistance. The mechanism of that resistance is largely unknown. Here we show that acquired resistance to cisplatin can be mediated by secondary intragenic mutations in BRCA2 that restore the wild-type BRCA2 reading frame. First, in a cisplatin-resistant BRCA2-mutated breast-cancer cell line, HCC1428, a secondary genetic change in BRCA2 rescued BRCA2 function. Second, cisplatin selection of a BRCA2-mutated pancreatic cancer cell line, Capan-1 (refs 3, 4), led to five different secondary mutations that restored the wild-type BRCA2 reading frame. All clones with secondary mutations were resistant both to cisplatin and to a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (AG14361). Finally, we evaluated recurrent cancers from patients whose primary BRCA2-mutated ovarian carcinomas were treated with cisplatin. The recurrent tumour that acquired cisplatin resistance had undergone reversion of its BRCA2 mutation. Our results suggest that secondary mutations that restore the wild-type BRCA2 reading frame may be a major clinical mediator of acquired resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy

The SITLESS project: Exercise referral schemes enhanced by self-management strategies to battle sedentary behaviour in older adults: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Abstract Background Older adults are the fastest growing segment of the world‘s population. Recent evidence indicates that excessive sitting time is harmful to health, independent of meeting the recommended moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) guidelines. The SITLESS project aims to determine whether exercise referral schemes (ERS) can be enhanced by self-management strategies (SMSs) to reduce sedentary behaviour (SB), increase PA and improve health, quality of life and function in the long term, as well as psychosocial outcomes in community-dwelling older European citizens from four countries, within a three-armed pragmatic randomised controlled trial, compared with ERS alone and also with general recommendations about PA. Methods A total of 1338 older adults will be included in this study, recruited from four European countries through different existing primary prevention pathways. Participants will be randomly allocated into an ERS of 16 weeks (32 sessions, 45–60 min per session), ERS enhanced by seven sessions of SMSs and four telephone prompts, or a control group. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, month 4 (end of ERS intervention), month 16 (12 months post intervention) and month 22 (18 months post intervention). Primary outcomes will include measures of SB (time spent sedentary) and PA (counts per minute). Secondary outcomes will include muscle and physical function, health economics’ related outcomes, anthropometry, quality of life, social networks, anxiety and depressive symptoms, disability, fear of falling, executive function and fatigue. A process evaluation will be conducted throughout the trial. The full analysis set will follow an intention-to-treat principle and will include all randomised participants for whom a baseline assessment is conducted. The study hypothesis will be tested with mixed linear models with repeated measures, to assess changes in the main outcomes (SB and PA) over time (baseline to month 22) and between study arms. Discussion The findings of this study may help inform the design and implementation of more effective interventions to reduce SB and increase PA levels, and hence improve long-term health outcomes in the older adult population. SITLESS aims to support policy-makers in deciding how or whether ERS should be further implemented or restructured in order to increase its adherence, impact and cost-effectiveness. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02629666 . Registered 19 November 2015