Vitiligo-like Depigmentation in a Patient Undergoing Treatment with Nivolumab for Advanced Renal-cell Carcinoma

Nivolumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint. It has been approved for its use in several types of advanced solid tumors, including melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The inhibition of PD-1 leads to an enhanced adaptive immune response against tumor cells through the activation of T-cells

Vitiligo-like Depigmentation in a Patient Undergoing Treatment with Nivolumab for Advanced Renal-cell Carcinoma

Nivolumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint. It has been approved for its use in several types of advanced solid tumors, including melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The inhibition of PD-1 leads to an enhanced adaptive immune response against tumor cells through the activation of T-cells

Scaling-up climate services with users in Latin America

Latin America farmers are highly vulnerable to climate variability, with crop losses observed throughout the region on a virtually annual basis. For instance, as indicated by the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Food Program (WFP), the 2014–2017 drought conditions in Central America affected over 3.5 million people in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. At the same time, local stakeholders and farmers generally have limited access to existing climate and forecast information, do not have sufficient capacities to understand the climate information and/or mechanisms to relate this information to the impact that climate variations can generate at a local level. This precludes the translation of information into actionable knowledge, and therefore into action. In this study, we describe a process through which scientists and strategic partners have co-developed, tested and scaled out an approach to assess, co-produce, translate and transfer climate information to enable agricultural decision making –the Local Technical Agroclimatic Committees (LTAC). LTACs allow open and clear dialogues about climate variations at multiple timescales, how these can affect crops, and the design of measures to reduce crop loss, particularly providing agronomic recommendations to farmers. We systematically describe the process of evidence generation, creation, partner engagement, scaling up, and monitoring of the approach throughout Latin America. Currently, 35 LTACs exist in 9 Latin American countries, engaging more than 250 public and private institutions, increasing the resilience and food security of an estimated 330,000 farmers, and potentially transforming how Latin American farmers manage climate risk. The study illustrates changes in institutional and farmers' capacities to co-produce, translate and use climate information and explores how better climate and crop prediction models can effectively underpin this process. We show how strategic alliances with farmer organizations, national public, and private and regional climate outlook forums help deliver improved and accurate climate information to users. Finally, we document how LTACs and their integration with other local-scale processes have led to changes in farmers’ management practices to take better advantage of good climatic conditions or avoid losses

Process Of Reform. A View From The Teaching Personnel Of De University Of Nayarit.

The university, as an institution, takes a long time to change, since its change does not happen as it does with organisms that transform completely. Rather, what characterizes universities is their resistance to change, their adaptation, counterproposals and negotiations (Porter 2003, Ibarra 2005, 2006), which are expressed with unique characteristics in each particular case. The apparent contradictions, in a complex and hard to unravel context, are that motivate this study. We ask whether such changes will create a new university or will lead it into an undesirable road; whether the university is able to defend its original goals. Can it experience transformation with the same strength and creativity today as with that was found in the collective conscience forty years ago? Can it maintain its spirit of commitment with its social, cultural, and ecological environment? Can it conserve its “sense of self”? In order to understand how the essence of the university ethos is maintained or altered, “A university with sense of self” shows the ideas, attitudes, experiences and interpretations of the main actors at the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, the professors how they face these changes, and the “institutional reform” being proposed. We seek to explain how anticipated and desired change by the broader community in Nayarit, is in fact understood, assumed, lived, and carried out

TV watching modifies obesity risk linked to the 27Glu polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene in girls

OBJECTIVE: A matched case-control study was conducted in a population of Spanish children and adolescents (5-18 years old), to assess the interaction between the Gln27Glu polymorphism of the ADRB2 and television (TV) watching on obesity risk. PATIENTS: Obese (n=165) and control subjects (n=165) matched by sex and age were recruited and classified according to Spanish reference data. Results. Using conditional logistic regression, we calculated the obesity risk linked to the polymorphism. A statistically significant association was found for 27Glu carrier allele girls (OR = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.02-3.70), but no association was apparent among boys. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio for obesity linked to the genotype Glu27Glu in the female population rose to 4.84 (95% CI = 1.37-17.10). Moreover, we found a significant negative interaction between hours of TV watching and the Gln27Glu polymorphism for obesity risk in girls. Surprisingly, among 27Glu carrier subjects, even girls with a low level of TV watching ( < 12.5 h/week) had a high obesity risk (OR = 4.60; 95% CI = 1.01-20.02), which was not very different to the odds ratio values for sedentary girls carrying the 27 Glu allele watching TV more than 12.5 h/week (OR = 6.05; 95% CI = 1.31-27.71). Conclusion. A higher risk of obesity was found for girls carrying the 27Glu allele of the ADRB2 gene even when they spent less than 12.5 h/week watchi

Cancer stem cells from human glioblastoma resemble but do not mimic original tumors after in vitro passaging in serum-free media

Human gliomas harbour cancer stem cells (CSCs) that evolve along the course of the disease, forming highly heterogeneous subpopulations within the tumour mass. These cells possess self-renewal properties and appear to contribute to tumour initiation, metastasis and resistance to therapy. CSC cultures isolated from surgical samples are considered the best preclinical in vitro model for primary human gliomas. However, it is not yet well characterized to which extent their biological and functional properties change during in vitro passaging in the serum-free culture conditions. Here, we demonstrate that our CSC-enriched cultures harboured from one to several CSC clones from the human glioma sample. When xenotransplanted into mouse brain, these cells generated tumours that reproduced at least three different dissemination patterns found in original tumours. Along the passages in culture, CSCs displayed increased expression of stem cell markers, different ratios of chromosomal instability events, and a varied response to drug treatment. Our findings highlight the need for better characterization of CSC-enriched cultures in the context of their evolution in vitro, in order to uncover their full potential as preclinical models in the studies aimed at identifying molecular biomarkers and developing new therapeutic approaches of human gliomas.Peer reviewe

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento de Santander.

El conflicto armado ha ocasionado hechos violentos dejando un sin sabor en personas afectadas con traumas psicológicos, secuelas emocionales y la invisibilidad de daños que han ido reparando poco a poco siendo víctimas de situaciones de violencia, y hasta tener que salir de sus tierras por protegerse así mismo. Gente que no tiene escrúpulos en cometer actos de violencia, teniendo que emancipar de sus territorios desplazándose de manera forzada a lugares seguros para defenderse de diversas situaciones buscando un mejor porvenir y demostrándose así mismo el poder de resiliencia y empoderamiento en ellos. A partir de los enfoques narrativos se efectúa las lecturas de cinco relatos y se desarrolla un análisis. Luego, cada participante realiza dicho análisis y se escoge uno de manera unánime: la narración 5 de Carlos Arturo, en el cual se amplifica la reflexión. Desde las posiciones subjetivas e impactos psicosociales y desde el contexto de la narrativa, se plantea 3 preguntas circulares, 3 preguntas reflexivas y 3 preguntas estratégicas en relación a la narrativa de Carlos Arturo. Se presenta un trabajo escrito para abordar el caso de Peñas Coloradas y 3 estrategias de abordaje psicosocial. Palabras clave: impactos psicosociales, resiliencia, violencia, conflicto armado.The armed conflict has caused violent acts leaving a bad taste in people affected with psychological trauma, emotional sequels, and the invisibility of damages that have been repaired little by little being victims of violent situations, and even having to leave their lands to protect themselves. People who have no scruples in committing acts of violence, have to emancipate themselves from their territories by forcibly moving to safe places to defend themselves from various situations in search of a better future and demonstrating the power of resilience and empowerment in them. Based on narrative approaches, five stories are read and analyzed. Then, each participant carries out the analysis and one is chosen unanimously: Carlos Arturo's narrative 5, in which the reflection is amplified. From the subjective positions and psychosocial impacts and from the context of the narrative, 3 circular questions, 3 reflective questions, and 3 strategic questions are raised in relation to Carlos Arturo's narrative. A written work is presented to address the case of Peñas Coloradas and 3 psychosocial approach strategies. Keywords: psychosocial impacts, resilience, violence, armed conflict

Las estrategias de aprendizaje de inglés y su uso en el aula

La presente investigación da cuenta de la frecuencia de uso de las estrategias de aprendizaje y el desarrollo de las habilidades del idioma inglés como lengua extranjera que utilizan los estudiantes del Área de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de  la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit.Para determinar lo anterior, se utilizó cuestionario de frecuencia de uso de estrategias de aprendizaje de vocabulario y desarrollo de habilidades. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la necesidad de potenciar más la frecuencia de uso de estrategias de aprendizaje. De la misma manera se determinó si los estudiantes del  Área de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades  tienen el nivel adecuado de acuerdo a los estándares establecidos por el examen institucional de inglés EXACRI y el examen institucional TOEFL.

Asociación entre los macronutrientes de la dieta y la obesidad en la infancia y adolescencia; un estudio de casos y controles

Introducción: La alta de prevalencia de obesidad infantil en España y sus posibles consecuencias hacen de esta enfermedad un problema prioritario de salud pública. Objetivo: Valorar, mediante un estudio epidemiológico analítico de casos y controles, la asociación entre la composición en macronutrientes de la dieta y la obesidad en una muestra de niños y adolescentes navarros de 5,5 a 18,8 años. Método: Se reclutaron 178 casos, niños y adolescentes obesos (índice de masa corporal > percentil 97) en Navarra. Los controles fueron emparejados individualmente según edad y sexo. Las medidas antropométricas fueron tomadas por personal entrenado utilizando métodos estandarizados. Se realizaron entrevistas individuales para recoger información sobre la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos mediante un cuestionario previamente validado a partir del que se calculó la ingesta de macronutrientes (hidratos de carbono, proteínas y grasas) y de los subtipos de grasas. Estos resultados se dividieron en quintiles de macronutrientes ajustados por ingesta energética total. Se realizó una regresión logística condicional para estimar odds ratios ajustadas de obesidad para cada uno de los cuatro quintiles superiores de consumo, usando el quintil inferior como referencia. Resultados: La composición de macronutrientes de la dieta era similar en casos y controles, excepto para las grasas poliinsaturadas, que se asociaron inversamente a la obesidad (p tendencia lineal < 0,01) con una odds ratio ajustada de 0,34 (IC 95%: 0,15 a 0,77) para el quinto quintil. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren una asociación inversa entre una mayor ingesta de grasas poliinsaturadas y el riesgo de obesidad