Rendimientos y composición química de biomasa, semilla y aceite de ecotipos de Moringa oleifera Lamarck introducidos en Sinaloa, México

Objectives: Among the ecotypes of M. oleifera introduced to Sinaloa, to select the most suitable for biomass, seed and oil production, and chemically characterize them. Design/methodology/approach: A orchard was established with 48 trees of 6 ecotypes of M. oleifera distributed randomly. At 16 months of age, the agronomic yields of stems, leaves, and seeds, the proximal composition of each fraction, the lignocellulosic profile of stems and the fatty acid content of the seed oil were determined. Results: Significant differences were found between ecotypes for all parameters, highlighting "Sinaloa" who produced the highest amount of seed, and "Mojolo" the highest yields of stems and leaves. The proximal analysis showed the highest lipid content in seed (48.2%) and oleic acid in the oil of the "Elota" ecotype. The profile of the lignocellulose components of stems indicated that "Sonora", "Elota" and "Sinaloa" have the highest proportion of holocellulose. “Sinaloa” obtained the highest yields per hectare of seed and oil, while, from the leaf, the “Mojolo” ecotype achieved the highest productivity per hectare of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Limitations /implications: This study is only comparative and includes 16 months in non-intensive cultivation. Findings/conclusions: "Mojolo" ecotype was the best for biomass production, and "Sinaloa" for seed and oil. The “Elota” ecotype presented the highest percentages of oil in the seed. Cross-experimentation between them is suggested to look for genetic improvementsObjetivos: Seleccionar de entre los ecotipos de M. oleifera introducidos al Estado de Sinaloa, los más aptos para la producción de biomasa, semilla y aceite, y caracterizarlos químicamente. Diseño /metodología/aproximación: se estableció un huerto con 48 árboles de 6 ecotipos de M. oleifera distribuidos al azar. A los 16 meses de edad se determinaron los rendimientos agronómicos de tallos, hojas y semillas, la composición proximal de cada fracción, el perfil lignocelulósico de tallos y el contenido de ácidos grasos del aceite de la semilla. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ecotipos para todos los parámetros, encontrándose que “Sinaloa” produjo la mayor cantidad de semilla y “Mojolo” los mayores rendimientos de tallos y hojas. El análisis proximal mostró el mayor contenido lípidos en semilla (48.2%) y de ácido oleico en el aceite del ecotipo “Elota”. El perfil de los componentes de la lignocelulosa de tallos indicó que “Sonora”, “Elota” y “Sinaloa” tienen la mayor proporción de holocelulosa. “Sinaloa” obtuvo los más altos rendimientos por hectárea de semilla y aceite, mientras que, de la hoja, el ecotipo “Mojolo” logró la más alta productividad por hectárea de proteínas, lípidos y carbohidratos. Limitaciones /implicaciones: este estudio sólo es comparativo y comprende 16 meses en cultivo no intensivo. Hallazgos/conclusiones: El ecotipo “Mojolo”  fue el mejor para la producción de biomasa y “Sinaloa” para semilla y aceite. El ecotipo “Elota” presentó los mayores porcentajes de aceite en la semilla. Se sugiere la experimentación con cruzas entre ellos para buscar mejoras genética

Design of Functional Powdered Beverages Containing Co-Microcapsules of Sacha Inchi P. huayllabambana Oil and Antioxidant Extracts of Camu Camu and Mango Skins

Sacha inchi Plukenetia huayllabambana oil (SIPHO) was co-microencapsulated, by spray drying using gum arabic as a coating material, with antioxidant extracts of camu camu (Myrciaria dubia (HBK) McVaugh) (CCSE) and mango (Mangifera indica) (MSE) skins obtained by ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE). The physicochemical characteristics of the microcapsules, such as, particle size, morphology, and moisture, as well as the encapsulation efficiency, the fatty acid composition, and oxidative stability, were determined in order to select the best formulation for the design of functional powdered beverages. The formulation with the highest amounts of ω3 acids and polyphenols was used to prepare a functional powdered beverage that contained ω3 (52.74%), antioxidant activity (324.80 mg AAE/100 g powder), and acceptable sensory attributes. Resumen: Se co-microencapsuló aceite de sacha inchi Plukenetia huayllabambana (SIPHO), mediante secado por aspersión utilizando goma arábiga como material de recubrimiento, con extractos antioxidantes de camu camu (Myrciaria dubia (HBK) McVaugh) (CCSE) y mango (Mangifera indica) (MSE) pieles obtenidas por extracción asistida por ultrasonido-microondas (UMAE). Se determinaron las características fisicoquímicas de las microcápsulas, tales como tamaño de partícula, morfología y humedad, así como la eficiencia de encapsulación, la composición de ácidos grasos y la estabilidad oxidativa, con el fin de seleccionar la mejor formulación para el diseño de bebidas funcionales en polvo. . La formulación con las mayores cantidades de ácidos ω3 y polifenoles se utilizó para preparar una bebida en polvo funcional que contenía ω3 (52,74 %), actividad antioxidante (324,80 mg AAE/100 g de polvo) y atributos sensoriales aceptables.Instituto de Investigación de Tecnología de Alimentos (ITA)Fil: Chasquibol, Nancy. Universidad de Lima. Instituto de Investigación Científica. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial. Grupo de Investigación en Alimentos Funcionales; Perú.Fil: Alarcón, Rafael. Universidad de Lima. Instituto de Investigación Científica. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial. Grupo de Investigación en Alimentos Funcionales; Perú.Fil: Gonzales, Billy Francisco. Universidad de Lima. Instituto de Investigación Científica. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial. Grupo de Investigación en Alimentos Funcionales; Perú.Fil: Sotelo, Axel. Universidad de Lima. Instituto de Investigación Científica. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial. Grupo de Investigación en Alimentos Funcionales; Perú.Fil: Landoni, Lourdes. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; Argentina.Fil: Gallardo, Gabriela Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Tecnología de Alimentos; Argentina.Fil: García, Belén. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Instituto de la Grasa-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Campus UPO; España.Fil: Pérez-Camino, M. Carmen. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Instituto de la Grasa-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Campus UPO; España

The \u3ci\u3epho1;2a\u27-m1.1\u3c/i\u3e allele of \u3ci\u3ePhosphate1\u3c/i\u3e conditions misregulation of the phosphorus starvation response in maize (\u3ci\u3eZea mays ssp. mays L.\u3c/i\u3e)

Plant PHO1 proteins play a central role in the translocation and sensing of inorganic phosphate. The maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) genome encodes two co-orthologs of the Arabidopsis PHO1 gene, designated ZmPho1;2a and ZmPho1;2b. Here, we report the characterization of the transposon footprint allele Zmpho1;2a\u27-m1.1, which we refer to hereafter as pho1;2a. The pho1;2a allele is a stable derivative formed by excision of an Activator transposable element from the ZmPho1;2a gene. The pho1;2a allele contains an 8-bp insertion at the point of transposon excision that disrupts the reading frame and is predicted to generate a premature translational stop. We show that the pho1;2a allele is linked to a dosage-dependent reduction in Pho1;2a transcript accumulation and a mild reduction in seedling growth. Characterization of shoot and root transcriptomes under full nutrient, low nitrogen, low phosphorus, and combined low nitrogen and low phosphorus conditions identified 1100 differentially expressed genes between wild-type plants and plants carrying the pho1;2a mutation. Of these 1100 genes, 966 were upregulated in plants carrying pho1;2a, indicating the wildtype PHO1;2a to predominantly impact negative gene regulation. Gene set enrichment analysis of the pho1;2a-misregulated genes revealed associations with phytohormone signaling and the phosphate starvation response. In roots, differential expression was broadly consistent across all nutrient conditions. In leaves, differential expression was largely specific to low phosphorus and combined low nitrogen and low phosphorus conditions. Of 276 genes upregulated in the leaves of pho1;2a mutants in the low phosphorus condition, 153 were themselves induced in wild-type plants with respect to the full nutrient condition. Our observations suggest that Pho1;2a functions in the fine-tuning of the transcriptional response to phosphate starvation through maintenance and/or sensing of plant phosphate status

Torus and Active Galactic Nucleus Properties of Nearby Seyfert Galaxies: Results from Fitting Infrared Spectral Energy Distributions and Spectroscopy

We used the CLUMPY torus models and a Bayesian approach to fit the infrared spectral energy distributions and ground-based high angular resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy of 13 nearby Seyfert galaxies. This allowed us to put tight constraints on torus model parameters such as the viewing angle i, the radial thickness of the torus Y, the angular size of the cloud distribution σtorus, and the average number of clouds along radial equatorial rays N0. We found that the viewing angle i is not the only parameter controlling the classification of a galaxy into type 1 or type 2. In principle, type 2s could be viewed at any viewing angle i as long as there is one cloud along the line of sight. A more relevant quantity for clumpy media is the probability for an active galactic nucleus (AGN) photon to escape unabsorbed. In our sample, type 1s have relatively high escape probabilities, Pesc ~ 12%-44%, while type 2s, as expected, tend to have very low escape probabilities. Our fits also confirmed that the tori of Seyfert galaxies are compact with torus model radii in the range 1-6 pc. The scaling of the models to the data also provided the AGN bolometric luminosities Lbol(AGN), which were found to be in good agreement with estimates from the literature. When we combined our sample of Seyfert galaxies with a sample of PG quasars from the literature to span a range of Lbol(AGN) ~ 1043-1047 erg s-1, we found plausible evidence of the receding torus. That is, there is a tendency for the torus geometrical covering factor to be lower (f2 ~ 0.1-0.3) at high AGN luminosities than at low AGN luminosities (f2 ~ 0.9-1 at ~{}1043-1044 erg s-1). This is because at low AGN luminosities the tori appear to have wider angular sizes (larger σtorus) and more clouds along radial equatorial rays. We cannot, however, rule out the possibility that this is due to contamination by extended dust structures not associated with the dusty torus at low AGN luminosities, since most of these in our sample are hosted in highly inclined galaxies

Ambientes de aprendizaje virtual para los talleres de evaluación del curso en Educación Física en tiempos de pandemia en un colegio de Montería año 2020

Virtual learning environments have become a tool to acquire knowledge and avoid limiting access to education. This research study aims at diagnosing, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the performance of elementary school third grade students in Physical Education (PE) at a school of Montería, through the LUDOS platform with the use of ICT.  This was a quantitative descriptive correlational study with a single control group composed of 28 students. A survey was applied and two pedagogical workshops were held to determine the correlation between learning mediated by information and communication technologies and the students’ academic performance. The findings show that all participants had access to electronic devices with Internet access. As a result of the virtual workshops, academic performance was found to be higher in 36% of students and it remained stable in 43% of students. Additionally, students’ technological skills, capacities and physical condition were found to be improved.Los ambientes de aprendizaje virtual se han convertido en un recurso para adquirir conocimiento y no dejar relegado el acceso a la educación. Por lo tanto, surge este estudio con el fin de diagnosticar el rendimiento de los estudiantes del grado 3.º de primaria en el curso de Educación Física en un colegio de Montería, a través de la plataforma LUDOS con el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, en el contexto de afección por COVID-19. El enfoque de la investigación es cuantitativo bajo un estudio descriptivo correlacional a un único grupo control de 28 estudiantes, con la aplicación de una encuesta y dos talleres pedagógicos para lograr determinar la correlación entre el aprendizaje mediado por las Tecnologías de la información y la comunicación frente al rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que el 100 % de los participantes tienen acceso a dispositivos electrónicos con conexión a Internet, demostrando que por medio de los talleres virtuales el rendimiento académico progresó en un 36 % y en un 43 % se mantuvo; además, las competencias tecnológicas, las capacidades y condiciones físicas de los estudiantes mejoraron

Whole-Blood Mitochondrial DNA Copies Are Associated With the Prognosis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Sepsis.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34557198/#:~:text=Resumen-,El%20s%C3%ADndrome%20de%20dificultad%20respiratoria%20aguda%20(SDRA)%20es%20un%20proceso,v%C3%ADnculos%20mec%C3%A1nicos%20de%20esta%20observaci%C3%B3n%20con%20la%20patogenia%20del%20SDRA.,-Palabras%20clave%3A%20SDR

Torus and AGN properties of nearby Seyfert galaxies: Results from fitting IR spectral energy distributions and spectroscopy

We used the CLUMPY torus models and a Bayesian approach to fit the infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and ground-based high-angular resolution mid-infrared spectroscopy of 13 nearby Seyfert galaxies. This allowed us to put tight constraints on torus model parameters such as the viewing angle, the radial thickness of the torus Y, the angular size of the cloud distribution sigma_torus, and the average number of clouds along radial equatorial rays N_0. The viewing angle is not the only parameter controlling the classification of a galaxy into a type 1 or a type 2. In principle type 2s could be viewed at any viewing angle as long as there is one cloud along the line of sight. A more relevant quantity for clumpy media is the probability for an AGN photon to escape unabsorbed. In our sample, type 1s have relatively high escape probabilities, while in type 2s, as expected, tend to be low. Our fits also confirmed that the tori of Seyfert galaxies are compact with torus model radii in the range 1-6pc. The scaling of the models to the data also provided the AGN bolometric luminosities, which were found to be in good agreement with estimates from the literature. When we combined our sample of Seyfert galaxies with a sample of PG quasars from the literature to span a range of L_bol(AGN)~10^{43}-10^{47}erg/s, we found plausible evidence of the receding torus. That is, there is a tendency for the torus geometrical covering factor to be lower at high AGN luminosities than at low AGN luminosities. This is because at low AGN luminosities the tori appear to have wider angular sizes and more clouds along radial equatorial rays. We cannot, however rule out the possibility that this is due to contamination by extended dust structures not associated with the dusty torus at low AGN luminosities, since most of these in our sample are hosted in highly inclined galaxies. (Abridged)Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Blood neutrophils from children with COVID-19 exhibit both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers

Background: Perhaps reflecting that children with COVID-19 rarely exhibit severe respiratory symptoms and often remain asymptomatic, little attention has been paid to explore the immune response in pediatric COVID-19. Here, we analyzed the phenotype and function of circulating neutrophils from children with COVID-19. Methods: An observational study including 182 children with COVID-19, 21 children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), and 40 healthy children was performed in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Neutrophil phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry in blood samples. Cytokine production, plasma levels of IgG antibodies directed to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and citrullinated histone H3 were measured by ELISA. Cell-free DNA was quantified by fluorometry. Findings: Compared with healthy controls, neutrophils from children with COVID-19 showed a lower expression of CD11b, CD66b, and L-selectin but a higher expression of the activation markers HLA-DR, CD64 and PECAM-1 and the inhibitory receptors LAIR-1 and PD-L1. No differences in the production of cytokines and NETs were observed. Interestingly, the expression of CD64 in neutrophils and the serum concentration of IgG antibodies directed to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 distinguished asymptomatic from mild and moderate COVID-19. Interpretation: Acute lung injury is a prominent feature of severe COVID-19 in adults. A low expression of adhesion molecules together with a high expression of inhibitory receptors in neutrophils from children with COVID-19 might prevent tissue infiltration by neutrophils preserving lung function.Fil: Seery, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Raiden, Silvina Claudia. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Algieri, Silvia C.. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Grisolía, Nicolás A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Filippo, Daniela. Hospital Municipal Diego Thompson; ArgentinaFil: De Carli, Norberto. Clinica del Niño de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Di Lalla, Sandra. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Cairoli, Héctor. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Chiolo, María J.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Meregalli, Claudia N.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Gimenez, Lorena I.. Hospital Municipal Diego Thompson; ArgentinaFil: Gregorio, Gabriela. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Sarli, Mariam. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Alcalde, Ana L.. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Davenport, Carolina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Bruera, María J.. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Simaz, Nancy. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Mariela F.. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Nivela, Valeria. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Bayle, Carola. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas.; ArgentinaFil: Tuccillo, Patricia. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Hospital Naval Buenos Aires Cirujano Mayor Dr. Pedro Mallo; ArgentinaFil: Agosta, María T.. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Hospital Naval Buenos Aires Cirujano Mayor Dr. Pedro Mallo; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Hernán. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Hospital Naval Buenos Aires Cirujano Mayor Dr. Pedro Mallo; ArgentinaFil: Villa Nova, Susana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Suárez, Patricia. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Takata, Eugenia M.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: García, Mariela. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Lattner, Jorge. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Rolón, María J.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Coll, Patricia. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Sananez, Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Holgado, María Pía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Ferrero, Fernando. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Niños Pedro Elizalde (ex Casa Cuna); ArgentinaFil: Geffner, Jorge Raúl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; ArgentinaFil: Arruvito, Maria Lourdes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentin

Entamoeba histolytica Up-Regulates MicroRNA-643 to Promote Apoptosis by Targeting XIAP in Human Epithelial Colon Cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as negative regulators of gene expression. Recent evidences suggested that host cells miRNAs are involved in the progression of infectious diseases, but its role in amoebiasis remains largely unknown. Here, we reported an unexplored role for miRNAs of human epithelial colon cells during the apoptosis induced by Entamoeba histolytica. We demonstrated for the first time that SW-480 colon cells change their miRNAs profile in response to parasite exposure. Our data showed that virulent E. histolytica trophozoites induced apoptosis of SW-480 colon cells after 45 min interaction, which was associated to caspases-3 and -9 activation. Comprehensive profiling of 667 miRNAs using Taqman Low-Density Arrays showed that 6 and 15 miRNAs were significantly (FC > 1.5; p < 0.05) modulated in SW-480 cells after 45 and 75 min interaction with parasites, respectively. Remarkably, no significant regulation of the 6-miRNAs signature (miR-526b-5p, miR-150, miR-643, miR-615-5p, miR-525, and miR-409-3p) was found when SW-480 cells were exposed to non-virulent Entamoeba dispar. Moreover, we confirmed that miR-150, miR-643, miR-615-5p, and miR-525 exhibited similar regulation in SW-480 and Caco2 colon cells after 45 min interaction with trophozoites. Exhaustive bioinformatic analysis of the six-miRNAs signature revealed intricate miRNAs-mRNAs co-regulation networks in which the anti-apoptotic XIAP, API5, BCL2, and AKT1 genes were the major targets of the set of six-miRNAs. Of these, we focused in the study of functional relationships between miR-643, upregulated at 45 min interaction, and its predicted target X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Interestingly, interplay of amoeba with SW-480 cells resulted in downregulation of XIAP consistent with apoptosis activation. More importantly, loss of function studies using antagomiRs showed that forced inhibition of miR-643 leads to restoration of XIAP levels and suppression of both apoptosis and caspases-3 and -9 activation. Congruently, mechanistic studies using luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-643 exerts a postranscripcional negative regulation of XIAP by targeting its 3′-UTR indicating that it's a downstream effector. In summary, we provide novel lines of evidence suggesting that early-branched eukaryote E. histolytica may promote apoptosis of human colon cells by modulating, in part, the host microRNome which highlight an unexpected role for miRNA-643/XIAP axis in the host cellular response to parasites infection