L’enseignement à distance : apports, enjeux et perspectives Cas de l’enseignement supérieur au Maroc

Depuis l’apparition du COVID 19, le mode d’enseignement en vigueur a connu un bouleversement radical passant des cours tenus en  présentiel à des cours virtuels en vue d’assurer une continuité pédagogique. Bien que quelques contraintes exogènes persistent, ce changement de mode d’enseignement a connu un ensemble d’entraves dans sa mise en œuvre affaiblissant sa réussite notamment en termes d’efficacité d’apprentissage.A cet effet, il est opportun d’amorcer une réflexion sur ce sujet. Pour ce faire, cette recherche va aborder trois principaux axes. Le premier sera dédié au contexte d’apparition du concept de l’Enseignement à distance (EAD), ainsi que son évolution. Le second portera sur les apports, les atouts et les handicaps de ce nouveau mode d’enseignement. Le dernier exposera les enjeux et les préoccupations face à l’enseignement à distance dans le contexte marocain.Notre réflexion sera fondée uniquement sur une approche théorique tirée de la littérature, loin de faire l’objet d’une étude empirique

Occupational safety and health practice: a study at Infrastructure construction work

Safety is the state of being “safe”, the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types of consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be considered non-desirable. Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. In that case, Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is an act that ensure the well-being of workers in a broad scope of many specialized fields. This study is focused on the construction of a police headquarters located in Seriab, Perlis. A big number of construction companies in Malaysia might not perform safety practice for their workers, lack of safety appliances, and did not perform a regular safety check-up on their workers as the reason was they want to earn more profits and they took the safety measures of their foreign workers for granted. Note that most of construction workers in Malaysia are immigrants. The data collection was carried out through site investigation using Preliminary Hazard analysis (PHA), HIRARC form and interview session with a worker in the construction site. The objective of this study is to spread the awareness of the importance of safety among workers in the construction site based on the existing potential hazards. This report was initially to identify the hazard on the construction site and to analyse the occupational safety and health factor in the workplace. The results are to analyse and suggest recommendations for improving occupational safety and health act in the construction site. Practicing a good safety measures in the workplace will ensure the well-being of workers

Applying the Upper Integral to the Biometric Score Fusion Problem in the Identification Model

This paper presents a new biometric score fusion approach in an identification system using the upper integral with respect to Sugeno's fuzzy measure. First, the proposed method considers each individual matcher as a fuzzy set in order to handle uncertainty and imperfection in matching scores. Then, the corresponding fuzzy entropy estimates the reliability of the information provided by each biometric matcher. Next, the fuzzy densities are generated based on rank information and training accuracy. Finally, the results are aggregated using the upper fuzzy integral. Experimental results compared with other fusion methods demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approach

Right thoracotomy approach for patients with congenital tracheoesophageal fistula associated with right-sided aortic arch: a multicentric study

Background: A right-sided aortic arch (RAA) occurs in 5% of patients with esophageal atresia (EA). Its presence has significant surgical implications. Repair of the atresia has been considered difficult with the usual approach through the right chest. We hereby report our experience with cases of EA and RAA treated over the past 13 years in three pediatric surgical departments to determine the optimal surgical approach.Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study, which included all patients having EA with tracheoesophageal fistulas (TEFs) treated between January 2000 and September 2013 at four pediatric surgery departments (Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt; Assir Central Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; MCH Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Soba University Hospital, Sudan). The study compared a group of 22 patients who had EA with TEFs with RAA and no associated congenital disorder with another group of 22 patients who had the same condition but with normally situated left-sided aortic arch.Results: A total of 44 patients having EA with fistula were included into this study. They were divided into two groups on the basis of the side of aortic arch; 22 patients had leftsided aortic arch (group L), and the other 22 patients had RAA (group R). All patients were treated through right  thoracotomy. It was possible to achieve successful, although difficult management, in all patients with RAA through right thoracotomy. There was significant difference between the two groups of patients with regard to the operative time (104± 9.8 vs. 149 ±15.4 min). Twenty patients (45%) developed postoperative complications, with a morbidity rate of 41 and 50%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups. No mortality was recorded.Conclusion: Repair of congenital TEF associated with RAA can be performed through right thoracotomy safely but with some difficulty and longer time.Keywords: congenital tracheoesophageal fistula, right-sided aortic arch, right thoracotom

L’ENSEIGNEMENT A DISTANCE AU SEIN DES UNIVERSITES MAROCAINES : APPORTS, ENJEUX ET PERSPECTIVES

Depuis l’apparition du COVID-19, le mode d’enseignement en vigueur a connu un bouleversement radical passant des cours tenus en présentiel à des cours virtuels en vue d’assurer la continuité pédagogique. Ce changement de mode d’enseignement a connu un ensemble d’entraves dans sa mise en œuvre affaiblissant sa réussite notamment en termes d’efficacité d’apprentissage.A cet effet, il est opportun d’amorcer une réflexion sur ce sujet. Pour ce faire, cette recherche tente, d’une part, de mettre en évidence les concepts clés, les apports, les atouts et les handicaps de ce mode d’enseignement à distance, et d'autre part, d'exposer ses enjeux et ses préoccupations, plus particulièrement dans le contexte marocain

Gestion du capital humain et risques psychologiques à l’aune du Covid-19

The current health crisis has put all organizations worldwide, regardless of their industry, under stress. From an organizational perspective, ensuring productivity, maintaining profitability, protecting human capital and preventing disease-related risks have been the primary objectives of companies. The exponential spread of the virus has had different repercussions on several levels. They are not only economic and social, but also psychological. In our article, we have focused on the psychological component of human capital, the keystone of any organization. Through our literature review, we first chose to address the main concepts, namely human capital and psychological risks at work in their generality. Then, we turned to the human capital specific to health care institutions, as well as to the psychological risks threatening this category in the period of covid-19. In order to carry out our literature review, we based ourselves on the Scopus database, given the large number of works it contains and its transdisciplinary characteristics. We also opted for the software 'Zotero' for the collection and management of the bibliography. Then, we used Vosviewer software for data analysis. We were able to identify 65 studies that addressed the psychological risks faced by healthcare workers in health care facilities. The studies identified the psychological risks, analyzed their impact and proposed solutions to prevent them and promote the mental health of health care workers.   JEL Classification: M12 Paper type: Theoretical Research La crise sanitaire actuelle a mis toutes les organisations à l’échelle mondiale, quel que soit le secteur d’activité dont elles relèvent, sous tension. Sur le plan organisationnel, assurer la productivité, maintenir la rentabilité, protéger le capital humain et prévenir les risques liés à la maladie, tels étaient les objectifs principaux des entreprises. La propagation exponentielle du virus a eu différentes répercussions sur plusieurs niveaux. Elles se concrétisent non seulement sur le plan économique et social, mais aussi sur le plan psychologique. Dans notre article, nous nous sommes focalisés sur la composante psychologique du capital humain, clé de voute de toute organisation. À travers, notre revue de littérature, nous avons choisi d’abord d’aborder les principaux concepts ; à savoir le capital humain et les risques psychologiques au travail dans leur généralité. Ensuite, nous nous sommes orientés vers le capital humain spécifique aux établissements de santé, ainsi qu’aux risques psychologiques menaçant cette catégorie en période du covid-19. Afin de réaliser notre revue de littérature, nous nous sommes basés sur la base de données Scopus vu le grand nombre de travaux qu’elle compte et ses caractéristiques de transdisciplinarité. Nous avons aussi opté pour le logiciel ‘Zotero’ pour la collecte et la gestion de la bibliographie. Ensuite, nous avons utilisé le logiciel Vosviewer pour l’analyse des données. Nous avons pu arrêter 65 études qui s’intéressent aux risques psychologiques auxquels le personnel soignant des établissements de santé fait face. Les études recensées identifient les risques psychologiques, analysent leur impact et proposent des solutions pour en prévenir et promouvoir la santé mentale du personnel soignant.   Classification JEL : M12   Type de l’article : Article théorique &nbsp

Internet of things applications using Raspberry-Pi: a survey

The internet of things (IoT) is the communication of everything with anything else, with the primary goal of data transfer over a network. Raspberry Pi, a low-cost computer device with minimal energy consumption is employed in IoT applications designed to accomplish many of the same tasks as a normal desktop computer. Raspberry Pi is a quad-core computer with parallel processing capabilities that may be used to speed up computations and processes. The Raspberry Pi is an extremely useful and promising technology that offers portability, parallelism, low cost, and low power consumption, making it ideal for IoT applications. In this article, the authors provide an overview of IoT and Raspberry Pi and research on IoT applications using Raspberry Pi in various fields, including transportation, agriculture, and medicine. This article will outline the details of several research publications on Raspberry Pi-based IoT applications

Enhanced Computational Intelligence Algorithm for Coverage Optimization of 6G Non-Terrestrial Networks in 3D Space

The next generation 6G communication network is typically characterized by the full connectivity and coverage of Users Equipment (UEs). This leads to the need for moving beyond the traditional two-dimensional (2D) coverage service to the three-dimensional (3D) full-service one. The 6G 3D architecture leverages different types of non-terrestrial or aerial nodes that can act as mobile Base Stations (BSs) such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Low Altitude Platforms (LAPs), High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPSs), or even Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. Moreover, aided technologies have been added to the 6G architecture to dynamically increase its coverage efficiency such as the Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS). In this paper, an enhanced Computational Intelligence (CI) algorithm is introduced for optimizing the coverage of UAV-BSs with respect to their location from RIS in the 3D space of 6G architecture. The regarded problem is formulated as a constrained 3D coverage optimization problem. In order to increase the convergence of the proposed algorithm, it is hybridized with a crossover operator. For the validation of the proposed method, it is tested on different scenarios with large-scale coordinates and compared with many recent and hybrid CI algorithms, as Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), Lévy Flight Distribution (LFD), hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSOGSA), the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES), and hybrid Grey Wolf Optimizer and Cuckoo Search (GWOCS). The experiment and the statistical analysis show the significant efficiency of the proposed algorithm in achieving complete coverage with a lower number of UAV-BSs and without constraints violation. </p