PERAN HIMPAUDI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIK PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (PAUD) DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk memperoleh data dan informasi tentang peran Himpunan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan Anak Usia Dini Indonesia (HIMPAUDI) dalam pelaksanaan PAUD, khususnya dalam hal: 1) Untuk mengetahui peran HIMPAUDI dalam mensosialisasikan pentingnya kualifikasi Pendidikan S1 kepada pendidik PAUD. 2)Untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran HIMPAUDI dalam Pembinaan dan Pengembangan pendidik PAUD melalui diklat berjenjang. 3)Untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran HIMPAUDI dalam menampung, memperjuangkan dan mewujudkan aspirasi para pendidik PAUD untuk mendapatkan kesejahteraan, 4) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana Peran HIMPAUDI dalam memfasilitasi pelatihan bagi pendidik PAUD melalui pengiriman pelatihan tingkat nasional. Temuan analisis tulisan ini yaitu: 1) peran HIMPAUDI dalam mensosialisasikan pentingnya kualifikasi Pendidikan S1 kepada pendidik PAUD melalui berbagai cara yaitu memberikan masukan kepada pendidik PAUD untuk mengikuti program kuliah S1 PAUD di Perguruan Tinggi yang ada di kota Bandar Lampung; 2) dalam Pembinaan dan Pengembangan pendidik PAUD melalui diklat berjenjang diharapkan pendidik PAUD mau mengikuti Diklat Berjenjang secara swadaya; 3) HIMPAUDI telah memperjuangkan para pendidik untuk memperoleh insentif, baik yang diterima dari Pemerintah maupun usaha yang dikembangkan oleh HIMPAUDI; dan 4) Peran HIMPAUDI dalam memfasilitasi pelatihan bagi pendidik PAUD melalui pengiriman pelatihan tingkat nasional melalui pengurus Daerah maupun Kota yang sesuai dengan ketentuan pusat. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Kata Kunci: HIMPAUDI SDM Pendidik PAUDAbstarct The purpose of this paper is to obtain data and information on the role of the Association of Indonesian Early Childhood Educators and Education Personnel (HIMPAUDI) in the implementation of early childhood education, particularly in terms of: 1) To find out the role of HIMPAUDI in disseminating the importance of undergraduate education qualifications to PAUD educators. 2) To find out how HIMPAUDI's role is in the guidance and development of early childhood educators through tiered training. 3) To find out how HIMPAUDI's role is in accommodating, fighting for and realizing the aspirations of PAUD educators for welfare, 4) To find out how HIMPAUDI's role is in facilitating training for PAUD educators through the delivery of national level training. The findings of the analysis of this paper are: 1) the role of HIMPAUDI in disseminating the importance of undergraduate education qualifications to PAUD educators through various means, namely providing input to PAUD educators to take part in the S1 PAUD program at universities in Bandar Lampung; 2) in the guidance and development of early childhood educators through tiered education and training, it is expected that PAUD educators will participate in the Tiered Education and Training independently; 3) HIMPAUDI has fought for educators to get incentives, both received from the government and businesses developed by HIMPAUDI; and 4) The role of HIMPAUDI in facilitating training for PAUD educators by sending training at the national level through regional and city administrators in accordance with central regulations. The methods used are observation, interview and documentation. Keywords: HIMPAUDI PAUD Educator H

Exercise training reveals inflexibility of the diaphragm in an animal model of patients with obesity-driven heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction

Background: Respiratory muscle weakness contributes to exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)—a condition characterized by multiple comorbidities with few proven treatments. We aimed, therefore, to provide novel insight into the underlying diaphragmatic alterations that occur in HFpEF by using an obese cardiometabolic rat model and further assessed whether exercise training performed only after the development of overt HFpEF could reverse impairments. Methods and Results: Obese ZSF1 rats (n=12) were compared with their lean controls (n=8) at 20 weeks, with 3 additional groups of obese ZSF1 rats compared at 28 weeks following 8 weeks of either sedentary behavior (n=13), high‐intensity interval training (n=11), or moderate‐continuous training (n=11). Obese rats developed an obvious HFpEF phenotype at 20 and 28 weeks. In the diaphragm at 20 weeks, HFpEF induced a shift towards an oxidative phenotype and a fiber hypertrophy paralleled by a lower protein expression in MuRF1 and MuRF2, yet mitochondrial and contractile functional impairments were observed. At 28 weeks, neither the exercise training regimen of high‐intensity interval training or moderate‐continuous training reversed any of the diaphragm alterations induced by HFpEF. Conclusions: This study, using a well‐characterized rat model of HFpEF underpinned by multiple comorbidities and exercise intolerance (ie, one that closely resembles the patient phenotype), provides evidence that diaphragm alterations and dysfunction induced in overt HFpEF are not reversed following 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training. As such, whether alternative therapeutic interventions are required to treat respiratory muscle weakness in HFpEF warrants further investigation

SpK: A fast atomic and microphysics code for the high-energy-density regime

SpK is part of the numerical codebase at Imperial College London used to model high energy density physics (HEDP) experiments. SpK is an efficient atomic and microphysics code used to perform detailed configuration accounting calculations of electronic and ionic stage populations, opacities and emissivities for use in post-processing and radiation hydrodynamics simulations. This is done using screened hydrogenic atomic data supplemented by the NIST energy level database. An extended Saha model solves for chemical equilibrium with extensions for non-ideal physics, such as ionisation potential depression, and non thermal equilibrium corrections. A tree-heap (treap) data structure is used to store spectral data, such as opacity, which is dynamic thus allowing easy insertion of points around spectral lines without a-priori knowledge of the ion stage populations. Results from SpK are compared to other codes and descriptions of radiation transport solutions which use SpK data are given. The treap data structure and SpK’s computational efficiency allows inline post-processing of 3D hydrodynamics simulations with a dynamically evolving spectrum stored in a treap

Realization of the farad from the dc quantum Hall effect with digitally-assisted impedance bridges

A new traceability chain for the derivation of the farad from dc quantum Hall effect has been implemented at INRIM. Main components of the chain are two new coaxial transformer bridges: a resistance ratio bridge, and a quadrature bridge, both operating at 1541 Hz. The bridges are energized and controlled with a polyphase direct-digital-synthesizer, which permits to achieve both main and auxiliary equilibria in an automated way; the bridges and do not include any variable inductive divider or variable impedance box. The relative uncertainty in the realization of the farad, at the level of 1000 pF, is estimated to be 64E-9. A first verification of the realization is given by a comparison with the maintained national capacitance standard, where an agreement between measurements within their relative combined uncertainty of 420E-9 is obtained.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, 3 table

Measuring the Static Modulus of Nuclear Graphite from Four-Point Flexural Strength Tests and DIC

Abstract The paper describes a novel method based on Digital Image Correlation (DIC) for measuring the static modulus of active PGA graphite specimens during conventional four-point bend strength tests. DIC has been used in combination with finite element and numerical modelling to monitor the displacement fields developing in the specimen during testing, and calculate representative modulus values. Details of the model and results are presented for two specimen geometries and a range of materials with different levels of exposure and density, tested in the perpendicular and parallel orientations. The calculated static modulus values from the DIC measurements confirm the trend between modulus, flexural strength and density. Comments and observations on the uncertainty in the measurement are also presented

Effects of endurance training on detrimental structural, cellular, and functional alterations in skeletal muscles of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Background: HFpEF is underpinned by detrimental skeletal muscle alterations that contribute to disease severity, yet underlying mechanisms and therapeutic treatments remain poorly established. This study used an animal model of HFpEF to better understand whether skeletal muscle abnormalities were: 1) fiber-type specific; and 2) reversible by various exercise training regimes. Methods and Results: Lean controls were compared to obese ZSF1 rats at 20 weeks, and 8 weeks later following sedentary, high-intensity interval training, or moderate-continuous treadmill exercise. Oxidative-soleus and glycolytic-extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were assessed for fiber size, capillarity, glycolytic metabolism, autophagy, and contractile function. HFpEF reduced fiber size and capillarity by 20-50% (P<0.05) in both soleus and EDL, but these effects were not reversed by endurance training. In contrast, both endurance training regimes in HFpEF attenuated the elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity observed in the soleus. Autophagy was downregulated in EDL and upregulated in soleus (P<0.05), with no influence following endurance training. HFpEF impaired contractile forces of both muscles by ∼20 % (P<0.05) and these were not reversed by training. Conclusion: Obesity-related HFpEF was associated with detrimental structural, cellular, and functional alterations to both slow-oxidative and fast-glycolytic skeletal muscles that could not be reversed by endurance training

Laboratories, laws, and the career of a commodity

Unlike most foods, milk is produced fresh at least twice every day, thus recreating, over 700 times a year, a commodity ‘designed’ by the combination of nature, commerce, and law. The paper is a study of the ontogenesis of this commodity in Britain since 1800, stressing the emergence of two new objectivities: dairy science and the law on adulteration. In the words of Christopher Hamlin, what mattered was the “manufacture of certainty, however flimsy that certainty might later be shown to be.'' This was achieved by the collection of samples, the generation of facts by the deployment of the laboratory technologies of physics and chemistry, and a semimonopoly over the truth-power of dairy science that was gradually built up by the large commercial companies. A foundation of state-sponsored regulation provided an official legitimation of compositional standards that suited the interests of capital but ignored ‘natural’ variations in quality and often pilloried innocent producers. The public eventually became accustomed to the regulated quality of the milk in its ‘pinta’ and assumed it to be natural. Even the standardization of composition since 1993 has caused very little disquiet among the consuming public, although milk is now a fully constructed commodity like any other dairy product. Mechanical modernity has at last triumphed over a century of ‘milk as it came from the cow’

Cerium neodymium oxide solid solution synthesis as a potential analogue for substoichiometric AmO 2 for radioisotope power systems

The European Space Agency (ESA) is sponsoring a research programme on the development of americium oxides for radioisotope generators and heater units. Cubic AmO2-(x/2) with an O/Am ratio between 1.65 and 1.75 is a potentially suitable compound for pellet sintering. C-type (Ia-3) Ce1-xNdxO2-(x/2) oxides with 0.5 &lt; x &lt; 0.7 could be used as a surrogate for some Ia-3 AmO2-(x/2). A new Ce1-xNdxO2-(x/2) production process has been investigated where a nominally selected x value of 0.6 was targeted: Ce and Nd nitrates and oxalic acid were added drop-wise into a vessel, where they continuously reacted to create oxalate precipitates. The effect of temperature (25 °C, 60 °C) of the reactants (mixed at 250 revolutions per minute) on oxalate particle shape and size were investigated. Oxalates were calcined at 900 °C to produce oxide particles. Oxalate particle properties were characterised as these are expected to influence oxides particle properties and fuel pellet sintering.</p