Genetic Confirmation of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and Mashbean (Vigna mungo) Interspecific Recombinants using Molecular Markers

The present study was conducted with the aim to investigate recombination between mungbean (female) and mashbean (male) interspecific crosses using molecular markers i.e., URP (Universal Rice Primers), RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats). As a first step parental screening was performed and polymorphic markers differentiating parent genotypes were identified. Recombinations were then confirmed through polymorphic DNA markers in many of the hybrids. The NM 2006 × Mash 88 was found to be most successful interspecific cross as many of true recombinants, confirmed by molecular markers, belonged to this cross combination. The SSR markers were more efficient in detecting genetic variability and recombinations with reference to specific chromosomes and particular loci, while SSR (RIS) and RAPD identified variability dispersed throughout the genome. The DNA based marker assisted approach provided evidence for genetic confirmation of mungbean and mashbean interspecific recombinants and escalated the authenticity of selection in mungbean improvement programme

Awareness of Nephrolithiasis in Educated Community of Azad Kashmir Pakistan: -

Background: Renal stone is an important health problem in the world and is the most common disease in the urinary tract system. It is particularly a common problem in many countries Knowledge and lifestyle attitude of individuals toward renal stone plays a role in delivering optimum management. Primary Study Objective: To determine the public awareness of renal stones causes, symptoms, and management among the population of AJK Pakistan Setting: General population of all the ages was under consideration and data were taken from the general population Participants: This study was conducted on 100 patients from different areas  Methods: The data of this quantitative cross-sectional study was collected from participants of AJK. Participants were given a self-administered questionnaire written in English. August 2020 to September 2020. individuals of all ages are included in this study. Results: Out of hundred participants we determine the awareness among the educational community of AJK. All category of individuals is involved in our research married and unmarried people and students with arts and science subjects. About 13% of males and 87% of females are involved in our research with different ages. Conclusion: This data indicates that the participants are to some degree aware of some aspects of renal stone prevention, symptoms, and modes of diagnosis and treatment. Individuals who experienced renal stones were more knowledgeable in some respects. Further emphasis on public awareness of renal stones is recommended

Fibromuscular Dysplasia with Spontaneous Coronary Artery Disease Presenting as Acute Myocardial Infarction

A 40-year-old female presented to a rural hospital with crushing substernal chest pain. An initial electrocardiogram showed ST elevation in lead II and aVF with elevated troponin I. She was immediately transferred to a tertiary care hospital. An emergent coronary angiogram did not show any significant coronary artery disease. On the second day, the patient experienced recurrence of severe chest pain with ST elevations in leads I, aVL, V5-V6, ST depressions in V1-V3, T-wave inversion over V2-V5. The troponin I level increased to \u3e 40 ng/ml (normal 0.0 to 0.04 ng/ml). An emergent angiogram was performed revealing local dissection of the mid to distal left main coronary artery and a totally occluded diagonal artery. It was deemed unsafe to perform percutaneous coronary intervention because it was a non-flow limiting left main coronary artery dissection and was difficult to cannulate with the guide catheter. Subsequently, an elective angiogram was performed after a 48-hour interval to evaluate the progression of dissection and to make a definitive decision for revascularization versus medical management. On the third angiogram, stenosis seen in the diagonal branch on the previous angiogram progressed to dissection, and local dissection of the left main coronary artery seen on the previous angiogram spontaneously resolved. The patient was symptom-free and hemodynamically stable. It was decided to manage the patient conservatively due to the spontaneous resolution of occlusion in the diagonal artery and dissection of the left main coronary artery. The patient was started on conservative medical treatment. A magnetic resonance angiography of the right internal carotid artery revealed a “string of beads” appearance, which confirmed the diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia. She was followed closely in the clinic and has remained asymptomatic for the past one year

Improving the Probiotics Viability and Quality Characteristics of Yoghurt Enriched with Barley Bran

Results of current study reported that increase in addition of barley bran in yogurt containing bifidobacterium BB-12, L. bulgaricus and S. thermophillus significantly influence the probiotics numbers. Samples fortified with barley bran has more numbers of probiotics as compare to control samples during storage. Correlation between concentration of barley bran and bifidobacterium was optimistic. Maximum numbers of L. bulgaricus and bifidobacterium were found in yogurt containing 1.5%25 barley bran. Addition of barley bran increased the acidity percentage of yogurt and decreased viscosity value during 3 weeks of storage. Sensory scores of functional yogurt decreased with increased in barley bran. However sensory score of sample with (0.5%25 barley bran) did not significantly changed from control sample and number of bifidobacterium bacteria in this sample was higher than minimum standard level (log106 CFU%252Fg) of world health organization (WHO). Syneresis value of control sample was significantly reduced with storage period but yogurt sample enriched with different concentration of barley bran were showed minimum decreased in syneresis percentage of yogurt. Barley bran level 1%25 can be added to yogurt successfully. Barley bran enrichment increased the color parameters of yogurt during storage this may be due to the results of blueness color of barley bran

Impact of Riveting Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy (LY-12) Sealant Applied Lap Joint of an Aircraft

The assembling process includes various techniques, out of which riveting has been employed most successfully in fields like construction of enormous structures, auto-motives, and most notably in the aerospace industry. This process includes marking, drilling followed by riveting. Furthermore, being a successful process, most of the aircraft structure is assembled using rivets. However, various factors contribute to the result. Therefore, the effect of riveting process parameters such as Sheet Thickness, Rivet Diameter, Rivet Type, and Riveting Sequence have been studied on responses, i.e., Deformation and Joint Load Capacity of lap joint composed of Aluminum Alloy sheets (LY-12) at T0 condition by sandwiching aerospace-grade sealant (XM-22B). Each of these parameters is studied on three levels and the experimental setup is designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the effect of riveting parameters on lap joints with sealant and analyze the effect through careful measurement of deformation and joint load capacity of the test specimen. Finally, a variance analysis (ANOVA) is performed to identify significant factors influencing response parameters using Design Expert Software V-12

Potential of siltstone and its composites with biochar and magnetite nanoparticles for the removal of cadmium from contaminated aqueous solutions: Batch and column scale studies

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd The present study is the first attempt to evaluate the pilot and batch scale adsorption potential of siltstone (SS) and its nanocomposites with biochar (EDB/SS), magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs/SS) and MNPs/EDB/SS for Cd removal from contaminated water. The SS, EDB/SS, MNPs/SS and MNPs/EDB/SS were characterized with FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, TGA and point of zero charge (PZC). The effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Cd concentration, pH and presence of competing ions were evaluated on the Cd removal and its adsorption. The order for Cd removal was: MNPs/EDB/SS \u3e MNPs/SS \u3e EDB/SS \u3e SS (95.86–99.72% \u3e 93.10–98.5% \u3e 89.66.98–98.40% \u3e 74.90–90%). Column scale experiments yielded maximum retention (95%) of Cd even after 2 h of injection at 100 mg Cd/L. The exhausted SS, EDB/SS, MNPs/SS and MNPs/EDB/SS were reused without losing significant adsorption potential. Similarly, maximum Cd adsorption (117.38 mg/g) was obtained with MNPs/EDB/SS at dose 1.0 g/L. The results revealed that coexisting cations reduced the Cd removal due to competition with Cd ions. The experimental results were better explained with Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo 2nd order kinetic models. The results revealed that SS and its composites can be used efficiently for the removal of Cd from contaminated water

Optimizing Conservation of Nili Ravi Buffaloes in Southern Region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic, Morphometric, and Productive Traits

In Pakistan, Nili Ravi buffalo is highly valued breed due to its high milk yield. Native to Punjab province, the breed is now extensively distributed throughout the country. To assess and optimize the conservation strategies for Nili Ravi buffaloes in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by evaluating their phenotypic, morphometric, productive, and reproductive characteristics. Buffaloes were maintained at Livestock Research and Development Station in Paharpur, Dera Ismail Khan from 2010-2023, under breed conservation program. A sum of 298 records Nili Ravi buffaloes were used for the investigation. The research examined physical attributes such as coat color, horn morphology, and other qualitative characteristics. In addition to body weight, body length, withers height, chest circumference, and hip breadth, morphometric measurements were recorded. Mean body weight of Nili Ravi buffaloes was recorded was 677 + 213 Kg, produced 1387.12 + 32.87 liters milk during their lactation period of 292.87 + 32.40 days that was substantially impacted by year (p \u3c 0.05) and calving season. Calving interval was 480.18 + 22.09 days, whereas parity year and calving season bear considerable (p \u3c 0.05) impact on their characteristic. Dry period was 181.2 + 18.01 days. This research aided in the development of conservation and enhancement strategies for Nili Ravi buffalo in the region. Nili Ravi buffaloes in the region have excellent milk yield but the study disclosed morphometric variations within the breed, demonstrating the need for targeted breeding and management practices

Synthesis, characterization and application of novel MnO and CuO impregnated biochar composites to sequester arsenic (As) from water: Modeling, thermodynamics and reusability

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. The present study aimed at enhancing the adsorption potential of novel nanocomposites of Sesbania bispinosa biochar (SBC) with copper oxide (SBC/CuO) and manganese oxide nanoparticles (SBC/MnO) for the efficient and inexpensive removal of environmentally concerned contaminant arsenic (As) from contaminated water at batch scale. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and point of zero charge (PZC) analyses proved successful impregnation of the metallic nanoparticles on SBC surface. The results revealed the maximum As removal (96 %) and adsorption (12.47 mg/g) by SBC/CuO composite at 10 mg As/L, optimum pH-4, dose 1.0 g/L and ambient temperature (25 ± 1.5 °C) as compared with SBC (7.33 mg/g) and SBC/MnO (7.34 mg/g). Among four types of adsorption isotherms, Freundlich isotherm demonstrated best fit with R2 \u3e 0.997. While pseudo second-order kinetic model revealed better agreement with kinetic experimental data as matched with other kinetic models. The thermodynamic results depicted that As adsorption on the as-synthesized adsorbents was endothermic and spontaneous in nature with increased randomness. The SBC/CuO displayed excellent reusability and stability over four adsorption/desorption cycles and proved that the as-synthesized SBC/CuO composite may be the efficient adsorbent for practical removal of As from contaminated water

Physiological and anthocyanin biosynthesis genes response induced by vanadium stress in mustard genotypes with distinct photosynthetic activity

The present study aimed to elucidate the photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, anthocyanin contents, anthocyanin biosynthetic gene expression, and vanadium uptake in mustard genotypes (purple and green) that differ in photosynthetic capacity under vanadium stress. The results indicated that vanadium significantly reduced photosynthetic activity in both genotypes. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes were increased significantly in response to vanadium in both genotypes, although the purple exhibited higher. The anthocyanin contents were also reduced under vanadium stress. The anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were highly expressed in the purple genotype, notably the genes TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 under vanadium stress. The results indicate that induction of TT8, F3H, and MYBL2 genes was associated with upregulation of the biosynthetic genes required for higher anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple compared with the green mustard. The roots accumulated higher vanadium than shoots in both mustard genotypes. The results indicate that the purple mustard had higher vanadium tolerance