21 research outputs found
Morfología de las ciudades silentes de Cartagena. Reflejos del urbanismo de la ciudad viva
La aspiración humana de ir más allá de la vida ha ocasionado diversas manifestaciones de grandeza
que en ocasiones se han visto reflejadas en los lugares elegidos para alojar sus restos tras el momento
final. Desde que en el s.XIX Cartagena acatara las disposiciones de la Real Cédula de Carlos
III por la que se imponía emplazar los recintos funerarios extramuros de las ciudades, se establecieron
en la misma dos cementerios que aún hoy siguen funcionando; el cementerio de San Antonio
Abad (1806) y el de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios (1868).
Esta comunicación pretende analizar las distintas morfologías urbanas ensayadas en estos camposantos
para mostrar la diferente concepción de los dos espacios y el reflejo en la ciudad viva de los
modelos urbanos con que fueron concebidas ambas ciudades silentes. El primero, imitó modelos
racionales como el que Ferdinando Fuga había practicado en Italia, donde bajo ideales ilustrados;
vivos y muertos serían igualados en el momento final, y el segundo fue proyectado como un cementerio
romántico en el que los hombres ilustres de la Cartagena decimonónica construyeron sus
panteones a imagen de las mansiones emplazadas en la otra ciudad
The role of input in second language oral ability development in foreign language classrooms: a longitudinal study
The current project longitudinally investigated the extent to which first-year Japanese university students developed their second language (L2) oral ability in relation to increased input in foreign language classrooms. Their spontaneous speech was elicited at the beginning, middle and end of one academic year, and then judged by linguistically trained coders for pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary and grammar qualities. According to the statistical analyses, the total amount of input (operationalized as number of English classes taken and L2 use outside of classrooms) was significantly related to the participants’ quick and immediate development of fluency and lexicogrammar during the first semester. Their pronunciation development was mixed, either subject to continuous change over two academic semesters (for prosody) or limited within the timeframe of the study (for segmentals). Similar to naturalistic L2 speech learning, the findings support the multifaceted role of input in different areas of oral proficiency development in foreign language classrooms
CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative
Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research
Actas de las V Jornadas ScienCity 2022. Fomento de la Cultura Científica, Tecnológica y de Innovación en Ciudades Inteligentes
ScienCity es una actividad que viene siendo continuada desde 2018 con el objetivo de dar a conocer los conocimientos y tecnologías emergentes siendo investigados en las universidades, informar de experiencias, servicios e iniciativas puestas ya en marcha por instituciones y empresas, llegar hasta decisores políticos que podrían crear sinergias, incentivar la creación de ideas y posibilidades de desarrollo conjuntas, implicar y provocar la participación ciudadana, así como gestar una red internacional multidisciplinar de investigadores que garantice la continuación de futuras ediciones. En 2022 se recibieron un total de 48 trabajos repartidos en 25 ponencias y 24 pósteres pertenecientes a 98 autores de 14 instituciones distintas de España, Portugal, Polonia y Países Bajos.Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología-Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Consejería de la Presidencia, Administración Pública e Interior de la Junta de Andalucía; Estrategia de Política de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Huelva; Cátedra de Innovación Social de Aguas de Huelva; Cátedra de la Provincia; Grupo de investigación TEP-192 de Control y Robótica; Centro de Investigación en Tecnología, Energía y Sostenibilidad (CITES
Seguimiento de las guías españolas para el manejo del asma por el médico de atención primaria: un estudio observacional ambispectivo
Objetivo
Evaluar el grado de seguimiento de las recomendaciones de las versiones de la Guía española para el manejo del asma (GEMA 2009 y 2015) y su repercusión en el control de la enfermedad.
Material y métodos
Estudio observacional y ambispectivo realizado entre septiembre del 2015 y abril del 2016, en el que participaron 314 médicos de atención primaria y 2.864 pacientes.
Resultados
Utilizando datos retrospectivos, 81 de los 314 médicos (25, 8% [IC del 95%, 21, 3 a 30, 9]) comunicaron seguir las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2009. Al inicio del estudio, 88 de los 314 médicos (28, 0% [IC del 95%, 23, 4 a 33, 2]) seguían las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015. El tener un asma mal controlada (OR 0, 19, IC del 95%, 0, 13 a 0, 28) y presentar un asma persistente grave al inicio del estudio (OR 0, 20, IC del 95%, 0, 12 a 0, 34) se asociaron negativamente con tener un asma bien controlada al final del seguimiento. Por el contrario, el seguimiento de las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015 se asoció de manera positiva con una mayor posibilidad de que el paciente tuviera un asma bien controlada al final del periodo de seguimiento (OR 1, 70, IC del 95%, 1, 40 a 2, 06).
Conclusiones
El escaso seguimiento de las guías clínicas para el manejo del asma constituye un problema común entre los médicos de atención primaria. Un seguimiento de estas guías se asocia con un control mejor del asma. Existe la necesidad de actuaciones que puedan mejorar el seguimiento por parte de los médicos de atención primaria de las guías para el manejo del asma.
Objective: To assess the degree of compliance with the recommendations of the 2009 and 2015 versions of the Spanish guidelines for managing asthma (Guía Española para el Manejo del Asma [GEMA]) and the effect of this compliance on controlling the disease.
Material and methods: We conducted an observational ambispective study between September 2015 and April 2016 in which 314 primary care physicians and 2864 patients participated.
Results: Using retrospective data, we found that 81 of the 314 physicians (25.8%; 95% CI 21.3–30.9) stated that they complied with the GEMA2009 recommendations. At the start of the study, 88 of the 314 physicians (28.0%; 95% CI 23.4–33.2) complied with the GEMA2015 recommendations. Poorly controlled asthma (OR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.13–0.28) and persistent severe asthma at the start of the study (OR, 0.20; 95% CI 0.12–0.34) were negatively associated with having well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up. In contrast, compliance with the GEMA2015 recommendations was positively associated with a greater likelihood that the patient would have well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up (OR, 1.70; 95% CI 1.40–2.06).
Conclusions: Low compliance with the clinical guidelines for managing asthma is a common problem among primary care physicians. Compliance with these guidelines is associated with better asthma control. Actions need to be taken to improve primary care physician compliance with the asthma management guidelines
Incidence and prognostic impact of U2AF1 mutations and other gene alterations in myelodysplastic neoplasms with isolated 20q deletion
This work was supported by 2019 3rd Grant of the Spanish Group of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (GESMD).Background: In myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), the 20q deletion [del(20q)] is a recurrent chromosomal abnormality that it has a high co-occurrence with U2AF1 mutations. Nevertheless, the prognostic impact of U2AF1 in these MDS patients is uncertain and the possible clinical and/or prognostic differences between the mutation type and the mutational burden are also unknown. Methods: Our study analyzes different molecular variables in 100 MDS patients with isolated del(20q). Results & Conclusions: We describe the high incidence and negative prognostic impact of U2AF1 mutations and other alterations such as in ASXL1 gene to identify prognostic markers that would benefit patients to receive earlier treatment
Registro nacional de fracturas de cadera (rnfc): Resultados del primer año y comparación con otros registros y estudios multicéntricos españoles
Background: The Spanish National Hip
Fracture Registry (Registro Nacional de Fracturas
de Cadera or RNFC) is a Spanish, prospective, multi-
centric registry, commenced in 2017. The goal of
this paper is to present the data from the first annual
report and to compare them with autonomic registries
and recent prospective multi-centric studies
performed in Spain.
Methods: We included persons 75 years or older
treated for fragility hip fractures in any of the
centers participating in the RNFC between January
and October 2017. The descriptive statistics of each
variable used the mean (and standard deviation) or
the median (and interquartile ranges) for the ordinal
variables and the percentage for the categoric variables.
A descriptive analysis of the casemix was performed
and compared with available data from the
aforementioned studies.
Results: The RNFC included 7.208 patients
from 54 hospitals, with a mean age of 86.7 (SD
5.6) years; 75.4% were women, and 36.4% showed
cognitive decline. Mean surgical delay was 75.7
(SD 63.6) hours, and length of stay averaged 10.9
(SD 6.7) days. Of the patients who lived at home
(75.4%), less than half (37.0%) returned home
at discharge. One-month mortality was 7.1%.
Comparison with other studies showed important
differences, especially regarding patients newly
sent to nursing homes (7.7-29.4%) and with antiosteoporotic
treatment at discharge (14.5-36.7%).
Conclusions: The RNFC is the largest prospective
database to date that offers data regarding
the characteristics of patients hospitalized for hip
fractures in Spain. Comparison with recent studies
showed some important differences.Fundamentos: El Registro Nacional de
Fracturas de Cadera (RNFC) es un registro español
multicéntrico, prospectivo y continuo, que comenzó
en 2017. El objetivo de este artículo fue presentar
los datos del primer informe anual y compararlos
con los registros autonómicos y los estudios
multicéntricos realizados recientemente en España.
Métodos: Se incluyeron las personas de 75
años o más atendidas con el diagnóstico de fractura
de cadera por fragilidad en alguno de los hospitales
participantes en el RNFC, entre enero y octubre de
2017. En el análisis estadístico se utilizó la media y
desviación estándar o mediana y rangos intercuartílicos
para las variables numéricas y los porcentajes
para las variables categóricas. Se realizó un análisis
descriptivo global de la casuística y se comparó
con los datos disponibles de los estudios previos
mencionados.
Resultados: Se registraron 7.208 personas de
54 hospitales, con una edad media de 86,7 años
(DE 5,6). El 75,4% fueron mujeres y el 36,4%
presentaron deterioro cognitivo previo. La demora
quirúrgica media fue de 75,7 horas (DE 63,6)
y la estancia media fue de 10,9 días (DE 6,7). De
las personas que vivían en un domicilio antes de la
fractura (75,4%), menos de la mitad (37,0%) volvieron
a él tras el alta hospitalaria. Al mes, había
fallecido el 7,1%. La comparación con los otros estudios
mostró algunas diferencias importantes, sobre
todo en la ubicación previa, en el porcentaje de
pacientes institucionalizados de novo (7,7-29,4%)
y en el porcentaje con tratamiento antiosteoporótico
al alta (14,5-36,7%).
Conclusiones: El RNFC es la mayor base de
datos prospectiva que aporta datos sobre el perfil
de los pacientes hospitalizados por fractura de cadera
en España. La comparación con otros estudios
recientes muestra algunas diferencias importantes
Outcomes of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia treated with non-curative therapies: a retrospective cohort study
Background: Approval of hypomethylating agents in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia is based on trials done in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. We aimed to investigate whether hypomethylating agents provide a benefit in subgroups of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia compared with other treatments. Methods: For this retrospective cohort study, data were retrieved between Nov 30, 2017, and Jan 5, 2019, from 38 centres in the USA and Europe. We included non-selected, consecutive patients diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia, who received chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia-directed therapy. Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia according to 2016 WHO criteria at initial diagnosis (ie, ≥20% blasts in the bone marrow or peripheral blood) or with unavailability of treatment data were excluded. Outcomes assessed included overall survival, time to next treatment, and time to transformation to acute myeloid leukaemia. Analyses were adjusted by age, sex, platelet count, and Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia-Specific Prognostic Scoring System (CPSS). Patients were grouped by first received treatment with either hydroxyurea, hypomethylating agents, or intensive chemotherapy, and stratified by risk according to blast count, French-American-British subtype, CPSS, WHO 2016 subtype, and the eligibility criteria of the DACOTA trial (NCT02214407). Findings: 949 patients diagnosed with chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia between April 13, 1981, and Oct 26, 2018, were included. Median follow-up was 23·4 months (IQR 11·5–42·3) from diagnosis and 16·2 months (6·6–31·6) from start of first-line treatment. 412 (43%) of 949 patients received hypomethylating agents as first treatment, 391 (41%) hydroxyurea, and 83 (9%) intensive chemotherapy. Adjusted median overall survival for patients treated with hydroxyurea versus hypomethylating agents was 15·6 months (95% CI 13·1–17·3) versus 20·7 months (17·9–23·4); hazard ratio (HR) 1·39 (1·17–1·65; p=0·0002) and 14·0 months (9·8–17·2) versus 20·7 months (17·9–23·4; HR 1·55 [1·16–2·05]; p=0·0027) for those treated with intensive chemotherapy versus hypomethylating agents. In patients with myeloproliferative chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (myeloproliferative CMML), median overall survival was 12·6 months (10·7–15·0) versus 17·6 months (14·8–21·5; HR 1·38 [1·12–1·70]; p=0·0027) for patients treated with hydroxyurea versus hypomethylating agents, and 12·3 months (8·4–16·6) versus 17·6 months (14·8–21·5; HR 1·44 [1·02–2·03]; p=0·040) for intensive chemotherapy versus hypomethylating agents. Hypomethylating agents did not confer an overall survival advantage for patients classified as having lower-risk disease (ie, myelodysplastic chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia with <10% blasts, CMML-0, or lower-risk CPSS). Interpretation: These data suggest hypomethylating agents as the preferred therapy for patients with higher-risk chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and those with myeloproliferative CMML. Our findings also suggest that CPSS is a valuable tool to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from hypomethylating agents. Further evidence from prospective cohorts would be desirable. Funding: The Austrian Group for Medical Tumor Therapy. © 2021 Elsevier Lt
Spatial and temporal variability of periglaciation of the Iberian Peninsula
Active periglacial processes are currently marginal in the Iberian Peninsula, spatially limited to the
highest mountain ranges. However, a wide variety of periglacial deposits and landforms are distributed
in low and mid-altitude environments, which shows evidence of past periods of enhanced periglacial
activity. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the present knowledge of past periglacial activity in
the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework takes four main stages into account: the last
glaciation, deglaciation, Holocene and present-day processes. This study focuses on the highest massifs
(Pyrenees, Cantabrian Range, NW ranges, Central Range, Iberian Range, Sierra Nevada) as well as other
lower elevation environments, namely the central Iberian Meseta. During the last glaciation the periglacial
belt extended to much lower altitudes than today, reaching current sea level in the NW corner of
the Iberian Peninsula. A wide range of geomorphological landforms and sedimentary records is indicative
of very active periglacial processes during that phase, in some cases related to permafrost conditions (i.e.,
block streams, rock glaciers). Most of the inactive landforms and deposits in low and mid-elevations in
Iberia are also related to this phase. The massive deglaciation of the Iberian massifs was caused by a
gradual increase in temperatures. The deglaciation phase was only interrupted by a short period with
colder conditions (the Younger Dryas) that reactivated periglacial processes in the formerly glaciated
cirques of the highest lands, specifically with the widespread development of rock glaciers. During the
Holocene, periglacial processes have been only active in the highest ranges, shifting in altitude according
to temperature regimes and moisture conditions. The Little Ice Age saw the reactivation of periglacial
activity in lower elevations than today. Currently, periglacial processes are only active in elevations
exceeding 2500 m in the southern ranges and above 2000e2200 m in the northern massifs, higher in
Sierra Nevada, in the south of Iberian Peninsula.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio