Synthesis Characterization of Nanostructured ZnCo2O4 with High Sensitivity to CO Gas

In this work, nanostructured ZnCo2O4 was synthesized via a microwave-assisted colloidal method, and its application as gas sensor for the detection of CO was studied. Typical diffraction peaks corresponding to the cubic ZnCo2O4 spinel structure were identified at calcination temperature of 500°C by X-ray powder diffraction. A high degree of porosity in the surface of the nanostructured powder of ZnCo2O4 was observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, faceted nanoparticles with a pockmarked structure were clearly identified. The estimated average particle size was approximately 75 nm. The formation of ZnCo2O4 material was also confirmed by Raman characterization. Pellets fabricated with nanostructured powder of ZnCo2O4 were tested as sensors using CO gas at different concentrations and temperatures. A high sensitivity value of 305–300 ppm of CO was measured at 300°C, indicating that nanostructured ZnCo2O4 had a high performance in the detection of CO

Sonidos de la América indígena: diseño museográfico y docente de la colección Complutense del Museo de Arqueología y Etnología de América (MAEA, Facultad de Geografía e Historia) referida a la música

Depto. de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias HistoriográficasFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Historia y tiempo histórico en una comunidad purépecha. El Más Antes, el Antes y el Antes...Ahorita

Los indígenas –en este caso los del grupo purépecha de Michoacán– hablan frecuentemente de un tiempo pasado y lejano conocido como el «más antes». Este artículo profundiza en el análisis de dicho tiempo y en los otros dos que se escuchan en la comunidad de Sevina: el «antes» y el «ahorita». Con estos tres tiempos históricos, así como con otras muchas formas culturales (territorio, narrativa, danzas y fiestas), los purépechas logran dar significado a su historia y a los acontecimientos sucedidos en ella. [ABSTRACT]Indigenous people –in this case the Purépecha of Michoacan– often speak of a past and distant time known as the «más antes». This article elaborates on the analysis of such time and of the other two times heard in the community of Sevina: the «antes» and the «ahorita». With these three historical times, as well as with many other cultural forms (territory, narrative, dances and parties), the Purepecha are able to give meaning to their history and the events in it

Lo que nos dice la forma. Etnografía de los archivos locales indígenas

El componente diacrónico es un campo común en gran parte de las investigaciones antropológicas de los últimos años. Hoy se reclama la necesidad de hacer etnografía de las formas locales, más que del contenido, usadas para significar su propia historia, entre ellas los archivos. En estas páginas se encontrará un recorrido por cómo ciertos archivos comunales se han convertido en estructuras para interpretar el pasado y la actividad social. [ABSTRACT]The diachronic component is a common field in much of the anthropological research in recent years. Today has been calling for the need for ethnography of local forms, rather than the content, used to signify the own history, including the archives. On these pages one will find a tour of how certain archives have become into communal structures to interpret the past and social activity

Salvajes, bárbaros y brutos. De la Grecia clásica al México contemporáneo

La idea del Otro ligada a la del salvaje ha sido desde la Antigüedad una obsesión de las diferentes culturas. Su definición ha abarcado desde las descripciones fantásticas de monstruos y seres infrahumanos, hasta la de territorios en los que se ubicaban. Desiertos, selvas, altas montañas o, simplemente, las últimas tierras conocidas durante la Edad Media, eran los lugares del extraño. Con el ejemplo de Latinoamérica en general y México en particular, la relación existente entre esos seres llamados “salvajes”, “bárbaros” o “brutos” y el espacio que habitaban, reconocido como lejano a la propia concepción cultural, será el eje central de estas páginas.[ABSTRACT]“El Otro” and the wildness, since ancient times has been an obsession of different cultures. Its definition has ranged from descriptions of fantastic monsters and subhuman beings, to territories where they have been located. Deserts, rain forests, high mountains, or simply, the latest land known during the Middle Ages, were places of strange. With the example of Latin America and Mexico, the relationship between these “wild”, “barbaric” or “brutos” and living space, recognized as far from one’s own cultural conception, will be the centrepiece of these pages

Los Insurgentes de Mezcala (1812-1816). Recreación de un conflicto bicentenario en México

Entre 1812 y 1816, mil indios mal armados estuvieron resistiendo en la Isla de Mezcala los ataques de las tropas realistas mexicanas, que no lograron desalojarlos ni evitar las continuas salidas desde la isla. El armisticio final ha sido desde entonces un motivo de orgullo para los nativos de Mezcala que en la actualidad defienden nuevamente su territorio. Esta vez contra las autoridades que restauran los edificios de la Isla sin tener en cuenta que es territorio comunitario. Doscientos años después, los indígenas se rebelan ante quienes pretenden tomar su isla.[ABSTRACT]Between 1812 and 1816, a thousand poorly armed Indians were resisting in the Isle of Mezcala the attacks of realist Mexican troops, who failed to dislodge or prevent the continuous departures from the island. The final armistice has since been a source of pride for native Mezcalan, who currently defend their territory again. This time is against the authorities who restore the buildings of the island without taking into account that is Community territory. Two hundred years later, the Indians rebel against those who seek to make their island

LUGARES DEL "MÁS ANTES". EL CERRO Y EL PUEBLO EN LA HISTORIA PURÉPECHA

El cerro y el pueblo son los dos entornos culturales en los que el grupo purépecha realiza la mayor parte de sus prácticas sociales. Un porcentaje importante de estas prácticas están relacionadas con su historia, la cual es significada a través de esa dualidad espacial. El más antes o tiempo más distante, no conocido en persona, funge como primer definidor del territorio indígena. Fue en el más antes cuando se abandonó el cerro como lugar de hábitat para ordenarse en el pueblo de creación colonial. Este artículo hace un recorrido por las formas en las que un pueblo purépecha, Sevina, interpreta los acontecimientos sucedidos durante ese tiempo distante en relación con su territorio

El diablo y la enfermedad: precisiones en cuanto al concepto de susto/espanto entre los indígenas de Michoacán, Mexico

El susto among Purépecha people is today a disease that, at least in some cases, appears as a social sanction for bad behavior. Moreover, the last giver of this disease is not pre-hispanic entities as has been commonly argued, but the devil, in his many appearances. Therefore the disease functions as a warning to the member who is breaking the community balance -and the devil, as the symbolic representation of the disorder. The way to deal with these forces is built by el costumbre and modern Catholicism