The efficacy of a formative intervention about therapeutic communication in pediatric emergency department

Trabajo fin de grado en EnfermeríaIntroducción Establecer una comunicación terapéutica eficaz con el niño y su familia es un requisito imprescindible para garantizar una atención óptima en la unidad de urgencias pediátrica. Para ello, los profesionales enfermeros deben poseer unos conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que les permitan establecer este tipo de relación. Dado que pueden ser desarrollados mediante entrenamiento, se propone una intervención formativa orientada a tal fin. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la eficacia de la intervención formativa propuesta de comunicación terapéutica en los enfermeros/as del servicio de urgencias pediátricas de los hospitales La Paz y Niño Jesús. Material y métodos Se realiza un estudio cuasiexperiemental con medida pre y post intervención en un sólo grupo. La población diana está formada por todos los profesionales enfermeros de urgencias pediátricas de ambos hospitales, un total de 50 (NT). Mediante muestreo aleatorio estratificado se seleccionan 20 (nT) participantes, con un listado de números aleatorios. Los datos se recogerán en el transcurso de la intervención, evaluando con cuestionarios los conocimientos y actitudes. Las habilidades se evalúan en un Rolplaying, observando si cumplen unos indicadores determinados. Se propone analizar los datos obtenidos con el programa estadístico SPSS, utilizando el contraste de hipótesis T-Student en variables cuantitativas, y Chi2 en las cualitativas. Conclusiones Ante la necesidad de formación en comunicación terapéutica de los enfermeros/as en urgencias pediátricas, se considera importante integrar un programa para mejorar conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes en comunicación. Las estrategias propuestas promueven beneficios a nivel profesional y personal.Introduction Establishing an effective therapeutic communication with the child and his family is essential in order to ensure an optimal care in the pediatric emergency department. That's why nursing professionals must have the knowledge, skills and attitudes that allow them to establish the relationship required. Since they could be developed through training, it is proposed a formative intervention oriented to that purpose. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the formative intervention of therapeutic communication proposed in the pediatric emergency department's nurses at La Paz and Niño Jesús hospitals. Material and methods It´s performed a quasi-experimental study with pre and post measure intervention in a single group. The target population is formed by all emergency nurses of both hospitals, a total of 50 (NT). Is selected 20 (nT) participants by using stratified random sample, through a list of random numbers. Data will be collected during the intervention, evaluating the knowledge and attitudes with questionnaires. Skills are evaluated in a role-playing activity, observing if the participants meet certain indicators. Its propose to analyze the data collected with the SPSS statistical program, using the T-Student hypothesis contrast in quantitative variables, and Chi2 for the qualitative ones. Conclusions Given the nurses need of training in therapeutic communication at pediatric emergencies department, is important to incorporate a program to improve the knowledge, attitudes and skills in communication. The strategies proposed promote professional and personal benefits

Differential body composition effects of protease inhibitors recommended for initial treatment of HIV infection: A randomized clinical trial

This article has been accepted for publication in Clinical Infectious Diseases ©2014 The Authors .Published by Oxford University Press on Clinical Infectious Disease 60.5. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu898Background. It is unclear whether metabolic or body composition effects may differ between protease inhibitor-based regimens recommended for initial treatment of HIV infection. Methods. ATADAR is a phase IV, open-label, multicenter randomized clinical trial. Stable antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults were randomly assigned to atazanavir/ritonavir 300/100 mg or darunavir/ritonavir 800/100 mg in combination with tenofovir/emtricitabine daily. Pre-defined end-points were treatment or virological failure, drug discontinuation due to adverse effects, and laboratory and body composition changes at 96 weeks. Results. At 96 weeks, 56 (62%) atazanavir/ritonavir and 62 (71%) darunavir/ritonavir patients remained free of treatment failure (estimated difference 8.2%; 95%CI -0.6 to 21.6); and 71 (79%) atazanavir/ritonavir and 75 (85%) darunavir/ritonavir patients remained free of virological failure (estimated difference 6.3%; 95%CI -0.5 to 17.6). Seven vs. five patients discontinued atazanavir/ritonavir or darunavir/ritonavir due to adverse effects. Total and HDL cholesterol similarly increased in both arms, but triglycerides increased more in atazanavir/ritonavir arm. At 96 weeks, body fat (estimated difference 2862.2 gr; 95%CI 726.7 to 4997.7; P=0.0090), limb fat (estimated difference 1403.3 gr; 95%CI 388.4 to 2418.2; P=0.0071), and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (estimated difference 28.4 cm2; 95%CI 1.9 to 55.0; P=0.0362) increased more in atazanavir/ritonavir than in darunavir/ritonavir arm. Body fat changes in atazanavir/ritonavir arm were associated with higher insulin resistance. Conclusions. We found no major differences between atazanavir/ritonavir and darunavir/ritonavir in efficacy, clinically-relevant side effects, or plasma cholesterol fractions. However, atazanavir/ritonavir led to higher triglycerides and total and subcutaneous fat than darunavir/ritonavir and fat gains with atazanavir/ritonavir were associated with insulin resistanceThis is an Investigator Sponsored Research study. It was supported in part by research grants from Bristol‐Myers Squibb and Janssen‐Cilag; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI12/01217) and Red Temática Cooperativa de Investigación en SIDA G03/173 (RIS‐EST11), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain. (Registration number: NCT01274780; registry name: ATADAR; EUDRACT; 2010‐021002‐38)

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica

Effects of 12 Weeks of Strength Training and Gluten-Free Diet on Quality of Life, Body Composition and Strength in Women with Celiac Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by gluten-induced intestinal inflammation. Dietary restrictions and symptoms may have a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life, body composition (BC), and strength. This study was designed to assess the impact of an isocaloric gluten free diet and resistance exercise in women. A total of 28 Spanish women, aged 40 years old or more, took part in a randomized controlled trial. Each group received a different intervention: group 1, gluten-free nutrition plan + exercise (GFD + E); group 2, gluten-free nutrition plan (GFD); group 3, celiac controls (NO-GFD); and group 4, non-celiac controls (CONTROL). The variables studied were quality of life, BC and isometric hand strength. After 12 weeks of intervention, celiac women that followed a gluten-free diet and exercise showed higher scores on the psychological health scale than celiac women without intervention. The women in group 1 were the only ones who presented improvements in BC variables; fat mass, BMI, and fat-free mass. Negative correlations were found between the perception of quality of life and age, however a positive correlation between quality of life and isometric strength test results was found. In addition to a gluten-free diet, resistance training is essential to improve BC, strength, and gastrointestinal symptoms.This research was funded by Generalitat Valenciana (Concelleria D’ Educació, Investigació Cultura I Esport), grant number GV/2017/112

Oxidative stress in the oral cavity is driven by individual-specific bacterial communities

The term “bacterial dysbiosis” is being used quite extensively in metagenomic studies, however, the identification of harmful bacteria often fails due to large overlap between the bacterial species found in healthy volunteers and patients. We hypothesized that the pathogenic oral bacteria are individual-specific and they correlate with oxidative stress markers in saliva which reflect the inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. Temporally direct and lagged correlations between the markers and bacterial taxa were computed individually for 26 volunteers who provided saliva samples during one month (21.2 ± 2.7 samples/volunteer, 551 samples in total). The volunteers’ microbiomes differed significantly by their composition and also by their degree of microbiome temporal variability and oxidative stress markers fluctuation. The results showed that each of the marker-taxa pairs can have negative correlations in some volunteers while positive in others. Streptococcus mutans, which used to be associated with caries before the metagenomics era, had the most prominent correlations with the oxidative stress markers, however, these correlations were not confirmed in all volunteers. The importance of longitudinal samples collections in correlation studies was underlined by simulation of single sample collections in 1000 different combinations which produced contradictory results. In conclusion, the distinct intra-individual correlation patterns suggest that different bacterial consortia might be involved in the oxidative stress induction in each human subject. In the future, decreasing cost of DNA sequencing will allow to analyze multiple samples from each patient, which might help to explore potential diagnostic applications and understand pathogenesis of microbiome-associated oral diseases

Adaptación de prácticas en la asignatura Ciencia y Tecnología Culinaria a la docencia dual y/o online

Por la situación de la pandemia fue necesario realizar una adaptación a las prácticas de laboratorio en modalidad DUAL/online en la asignatura Ciencia y Tecnología culinaria en el Grado en Gastronomía y Artes Culinarias. Esta forma de trabajar tiene el riesgo de que los alumnos que se quedan en casa pierden mucha información y se desmotivan por realizar un correcto seguimiento de la materia. El objetivo del trabajo comprendió diseñar e implementar unas prácticas de laboratorio para la asignatura en las que los alumnos trabajarán de forma semipresencial en grupos de 4 alumnos utilizando en grupo de forma colaborativa en un contexto de interconexión virtual (Martínez & Duart, 2016). Se diseñaron tareas colaborativas dependiendo del tipo de presencialidad. Esta forma de trabajo suscitó dudas entre los alumnos cuando se les presentó, especialmente el uso de algunas TICs. No obstante, finalmente se logró un buen ambiente de trabajo y colaboración entre la mayor parte de compañeros. La evaluación final de las prácticas resultó positiva, aunque para posteriores experiencias queda por mejorar la sincronicidad con los alumnos en la enseñanza no presencial y, aportar algún material adicional para alumnos que deseen avanzar más en la materia

Some isolates of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia promote root growth and reduce flowering time of tomato

The fungal parasite of nematode eggs Pochonia chlamydosporia is also a root endophyte known to promote growth of some plants. In this study, we analyzed the effect of nine P. chlamydosporia isolates from worldwide origin on tomato growt

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human renal proximal tubular cells with only two transcription factors, OCT4 and SOX2

International audienceThe tubular epithelium of the kidney is susceptible to injury from a number of different causes, including inflammatory and immune disorders, oxidative stress, and nephrotoxins, among others. Primary renal epithelial cells remain one of the few tools for studying the biochemical and physiological characteristics of the renal tubular system. Nevertheless, differentiated primary cells are not suitable for recapitulation of disease properties that might arise during embryonic kidney formation and further maturation. Thus, cellular systems resembling kidney characteristics are in urgent need to model disease as well as to establish reliable drug-testing platforms. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bear the capacity to differentiate into every cell lineage comprising the adult organism. Thus, iPSCs bring the possibility for recapitulating embryonic development by directed differentiation into specific lineages. iPSC differentiation ultimately allows for both disease modeling in vitro and the production of cellular products with potential for regenerative medicine. Here, we describe the rapid, reproducible, and highly efficient generation of iPSCs derived from endogenous kidney tubular renal epithelial cells with only two transcriptional factors, OCT4 and SOX2. Kidney-derived iPSCs may provide a reliable cellular platform for the development of kidney differentiation protocols allowing drug discovery studies and the study of kidney pathology

Psychological, Physiological, and Physical Effects of Resistance Training and Personalized Diet in Celiac Women

Background: Gluten intolerance is a systemic process of autoimmune nature; it develops in genetically predisposed subjects with gluten ingestion. The only treatment for celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong strict gluten-free diet (GFD). This study was designed to evaluate adherence to a GFD, risk of an eating disorder, and nutritional status in adult CD patients undergoing different interventions. Methods: A total of 28 Spanish women, aged 40 years or more, took part in a randomized controlled trial. Each group received a different intervention: group 1, gluten-free nutrition plan + exercise (GFD + E); group 2, gluten-free nutrition plan (GFD); group 3, celiac controls (NO-GFD); and group 4, non-celiac controls (CONTROL). The training was prescribed by a sport scientist. It was based on resistance training with elastic bands; beforehand a warm-up was performed and the resistance was increased progressively. The variables studied were adherence to the GFD, risk of eating disorders, blood values, and body composition. Results: Celiac women with personalized nutritional planning presented greater adherence to a gluten-free diet (p < 0.001). Regarding leukocytes, significant differences were observed between the GFD and control groups (p = 0.004). Perimeters and folds did not decrease significantly. Conclusion: Women with celiac disease who follow an adapted and personalized diet have a better adherence to a GFD compared to those who follow a non-professional diet, and therefore have a better immune system status (blood leukocytes).This research was funded by Generalitat Valenciana (Concelleria D’ Educació, Investigació Cultura I Esport) (grant no. GV/2017/112)

Inmersive Virtual Reality: virtual tours and 3D geological models for teaching and knowledge transference of geological materials for Geosciences degrees

El principal objetivo de este proyecto era obtener la inmersión de alumnado en prácticas de campo mediante realidad virtual (RV) y la utilización de Modelos 3D de distintos afloramientos y muestras rocosas. Ambos materiales son utilizados en docencia mediante tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TICs). Los recorridos de realidad virtual (VR) y los modelos-3D de material geológico crean un entorno inmersivo y realista para fomentar el aprendizaje de los alumnos (Herrero et al., 2022), y sirven como guía para realizar las mismas observaciones que se harían en la realidad, y ofrecen una alternativa rentable y sin riesgos: ofrecen oportunidades únicas para incorporar actividades y características que no están disponibles en el campo y ofrecen un recurso de aprendizaje más integrado y flexible, de forma que se facilita una comprensión integral del entorno a la vez que se observan características particularesUCMDepto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte