The fruit of Olea europaea L. as a dietary source of bioactive compounds

Podeu consultar el III Workshop anual INSA-UB complet a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/118993Sessió 2. Pòster 1

Perfil De Ingreso, Metas Y Expectativas De Estudiantes De Dos Licenciaturas De Nueva Creación En La Universidad De Sonora

<p>El fenómeno del abandono es un problema que enfrentan las instituciones de educación superior (IES). Alrededor de 25% del total de estudiantes de nivel superior, deja sus estudios en los primeros semestres, lo que representa, en un futuro, falta de oportunidades, desempleo, estancamiento del país, delincuencia, entre otras. En México, se estima que la cobertura del segmento de población entre 18 y 22 años de edad, en educación superior, es de 36%, de los cuales, de cada 100 estudiantes que ingresan solo una cuarta parte finaliza. Algunos referentes teóricos relacionan las características del perfil de ingreso, las metas y expectativas con la permanencia o el abandono de los estudios; por lo que, el reconocimiento de esto permite a las instituciones implementar acciones propositivas. El presente estudio tiene la intención de comparar las características del perfil de ingreso, los motivos de elección de carrera, las metas y las expectativas, en estudiantes que integran dos programas educativos de nueva creación, la Licenciatura en Educación (76 estudiantes) y la de Ingeniería en Energías Renovables (33 estudiantes) en la Universidad de Sonora (UNISON). Los datos utilizados han sido recuperados de fuentes institucionales y a través de un cuestionario diseñado para medir metas y expectativas, el cual se aplicó durante la primera semana de clases (agosto, 2018). Se realizaron análisis descriptivos de tendencia central y comparación de medias (t de student) para determinar niveles de significancia (p ≤ 0.5) Los principales resultados indican que las dos poblaciones estudiadas, una históricamente elegida predominantemente por mujeres (Educación), y la otra por hombres (Ingeniería), presentan modificaciones respecto al género en sus matrículas. En el perfil de ingreso, se presentan mayores puntajes en el promedio de bachillerato y en el examen de admisión del grupo de estudiantes de ingeniería. Sin embargo, las metas y las expectativas de quienes integran la planta estudiantil, en los dos programas, no presentan diferencias significativas, por el contrario, son similares.</p&gt

The Determination of Total Testosterone and Free Testosterone (RIA) are not Applicable to the Evaluation of Gonadal Function in HIV-Infected Males

Introduction: Hypogonadism is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men; the high concentration of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in this population, induces a "false increase" in total testosterone (TT) values.Aims: To validate the determination of TT and measured free testosterone (FT [radioimmunoassay {RIA}]) for hypogonadism diagnosis in an HIV-infected population using calculated free testosterone (CFT) as reference method; and also to determine the prevalence and identify the risks factors of hypogonadism.Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study. Ninety HIV-infected males (42 ± 8.2 years), not HCV coinfected, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive (14 patients), on current ART with enhanced protease inhibitor (PI) (39 patients), or patients on PI-naive ART (NN) (37 patients).Main outcome measures: CFT was calculated by determining TT, SHBG, and albumin (Vermeulen's formula); hypogonadism was defined as CFT <0.22 nmol/L (reference range for young healthy males in our laboratory); sensitivity of TT and FT (RIA) for hypogonadism diagnosis was calculated.Results: Twelve patients (13.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8-21.9) by CFT presented hypogonadism. TT and FT (RIA) presented a sensitivity of less than 30% in the diagnosis of hypogonadism. Logistic regression multivariate analysis confirmed an independent association between hypogonadism, the patient's age per decade, odds ratio (OR) 6.9 (CI 1.9-24.8; P = 0.003), and longer duration of HIV infection per decade, OR 13.1 (CI 1.3-130.6; P = 0.02). Hypogonadism was associated with erectile dysfunction.Conclusions: TT and FT (RIA) are not useful in the differential diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males. There is a significant prevalence of hypogonadism in HIV-infected males, with the patient's age and duration of the disease being the only identifiable risk factors

Brucella ceti infection in dolphins from the Western Mediterranean sea

Publishe

Short-term prognosis of polypharmacy in elderly patients treated in emergency departments: results from the EDEN project

Background: Polypharmacy is a growing phenomenon among elderly individuals. However, there is little information about the frequency of polypharmacy among the elderly population treated in emergency departments (EDs) and its prognostic effect. This study aims to determine the prevalence and short-term prognostic effect of polypharmacy in elderly patients treated in EDs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Emergency Department Elderly in Needs (EDEN) project's cohort was performed. This registry included all elderly patients who attended 52 Spanish EDs for any condition. Mild and severe polypharmacy was defined as the use of 5-9 drugs and >10 drugs, respectively. The assessed outcomes were ED revisits, hospital readmissions, and mortality 30 days after discharge. Crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses, including the patient's comorbidities, were performed. Results: A total of 25,557 patients were evaluated [mean age: 78 (IQR: 71-84) years]; 10,534 (41.2%) and 5678 (22.2%) patients presented with mild and severe polypharmacy, respectively. In the adjusted analysis, mild polypharmacy and severe polypharmacy were associated with an increase in ED revisits [odds ratio (OR) 1.13 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.23) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.24-1.51)] and hospital readmissions [OR 1.18 (95% CI: 1.04-1.35) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.16-1.60)], respectively, compared to non-polypharmacy. Mild and severe polypharmacy were not associated with increased 30-day mortality [OR 1.05 (95% CI: 0.89-2.26) and OR 0.89 (95% CI: 0.72-1.12)], respectively. Conclusion: Polypharmacy was common among the elderly treated in EDs and associated with increased risks of ED revisits and hospital readmissions 10 drugs. In these patients comorbidities were associated with an increase in the number of drugs. In the patients with severe polypharmacy (>10 drugs), diuretics were the most frequently drugs prescribed, followed by antihypertensives and statins. The results obtained indicate that polypharmacy is a frequent phenomenon among the elderly population treated in Emergency departments, being antihypertensives the most frequently used drugs in this population. Those patients who takes >10 drugs have a higher risk of new visits to the emergency room and hospital readmissions in short term period

Comprehensive analysis and insights gained from long-term experience of the Spanish DILI Registry

Background & aims: Prospective drug-induced liver injury (DILI) registries are important sources of information on idiosyncratic DILI. We aimed to present a comprehensive analysis of 843 patients with DILI enrolled into the Spanish DILI Registry over a 20-year time period. Methods: Cases were identified, diagnosed and followed prospectively. Clinical features, drug information and outcome data were collected. Results: A total of 843 patients, with a mean age of 54 years (48% females), were enrolled up to 2018. Hepatocellular injury was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] per year 0.983; 95% CI 0.974-0.991) and lower platelet count (aOR per unit 0.996; 95% CI 0.994-0.998). Anti-infectives were the most common causative drug class (40%). Liver-related mortality was more frequent in patients with hepatocellular damage aged ≥65 years (p = 0.0083) and in patients with underlying liver disease (p = 0.0221). Independent predictors of liver-related death/transplantation included nR-based hepatocellular injury, female sex, higher onset aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin values. nR-based hepatocellular injury was not associated with 6-month overall mortality, for which comorbidity burden played a more important role. The prognostic capacity of Hy's law varied between causative agents. Empirical therapy (corticosteroids, ursodeoxycholic acid and MARS) was prescribed to 20% of patients. Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis patients (26 cases) were mainly females (62%) with hepatocellular damage (92%), who more frequently received immunosuppressive therapy (58%).The present study has been supported by grants of Instituto de Salud Carlos III cofounded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional – FEDER (contract numbers: PI19/00883, PI16/01748, PI18/00901, PI18/01804, PI-0285-2016, PI-0274-2016, PI-0310- 2018, PT17/0017/0020) and Agencia Española del Medicamento. CIBERehd and Plataforma ISCIII Ensayos Clinicos are funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III. MRD holds a Joan Rodes (JR16/ 00015)/Acción B clinicos investigadores (B-0002-2019) and JSC a Rio Hortega (CM17/00243) research contract from ISCIII and Consejería de Salud de Andalucía. The funding sources had no involvement in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report or in the de- cision to submit the manuscript for publication

Laboratorio de Relaciones Internacionales con América Latina

Puesta en marcha de un laboratorio de ideas y acciones, entre la UCM y diversas entidades latinoamericanas para desarrollar acciones de relaciones internacionales: presentación de un proyecto de cooperación a la XV convocatoria UCM, realización de acciones de sensibilización y realización de una publicación digital

Integración de recursos electrónicos en las bibliotecas del Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Andaluzas (CBUA)

En los últimos años, el presupuesto en recursos electrónicos ha ido creciendo paulatinamente en las Bibliotecas Universitarias y como consecuencia las inversiones en este tipo de materiales han ido aumentando, convirtiéndose hoy día la Biblioteca Universitaria en una gran factoría virtual. El Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias Andaluzas (CBUA) que asume entre sus políticas el desarrollo de proyectos para la mejora de la calidad de los servicios a través de la cooperación, consciente de esta situación, acomete el plan de dotar a las Bibliotecas del Consorcio de tecnologías centradas en el usuario, para hacer más accesibles las colecciones de recursos electrónicos y poder competir en la Europa del conocimiento con parámetros de calidad. Se presenta el proyecto que está llevando a cabo el Grupo de Trabajo de MAP y ERM del CBUA, de implementación y puesta en marcha de herramientas, para el acceso, integración y gestión de los recursos electrónicos en las Bibliotecas Universitarias Andaluzas, para un mejor uso de las colecciones digitales contratadas, que redundará en la calidad y mejora de los servicios prestados. Se enumeran las fases del proyecto, los objetivos operativos, las líneas de acción, las acciones realizadas, la documentación generada, la difusión y formación en las nuevas herramientas y la repercusión que está teniendo en las Bibliotecas del CBU

Night shift work and stomach cancer risk in the MCC-Spain study

OBJECTIVES: Night shift work has been classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, based on experimental studies and limited evidence on human breast cancer risk. Evidence at other cancer sites is scarce. We evaluated the association between night shift work and stomach cancer risk in a population-based case-control study. METHODS: A total of 374 incident stomach adenocarcinoma cases and 2481 population controls were included from the MCC-Spain study. Detailed data on lifetime night shift work were collected including permanent and rotating shifts, and their cumulative duration (years). Adjusted unconditional logistic regression models were used in analysis. RESULTS: A total of 25.7% of cases and 22.5% of controls reported ever being a night shift worker. There was a weak positive, non-significant association between ever having had worked for at least 1?year in permanent night shifts and stomach cancer risk compared to never having worked night shifts (OR=1.2, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.8). However, there was an inverse 'U' shaped relationship with cumulative duration of permanent night shifts, with the highest risk observed in the intermediate duration category (OR 10-20?years=2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.6) (p for trend=0.19). There was no association with ever having had worked in rotating night shifts (OR=0.9, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.2) and no trend according to cumulative duration (p for trend=0.68). CONCLUSION: We found no clear evidence concerning an association between night shift work and stomach cancer ris

Development of a Panel of Genome-Wide Ancestry Informative Markers to Study Admixture Throughout the Americas

Most individuals throughout the Americas are admixed descendants of Native American, European, and African ancestors. Complex historical factors have resulted in varying proportions of ancestral contributions between individuals within and among ethnic groups. We developed a panel of 446 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) optimized to estimate ancestral proportions in individuals and populations throughout Latin America. We used genome-wide data from 953 individuals from diverse African, European, and Native American populations to select AIMs optimized for each of the three main continental populations that form the basis of modern Latin American populations. We selected markers on the basis of locus-specific branch length to be informative, well distributed throughout the genome, capable of being genotyped on widely available commercial platforms, and applicable throughout the Americas by minimizing within-continent heterogeneity. We then validated the panel in samples from four admixed populations by comparing ancestry estimates based on the AIMs panel to estimates based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. The panel provided balanced discriminatory power among the three ancestral populations and accurate estimates of individual ancestry proportions (R2>0.9 for ancestral components with significant between-subject variance). Finally, we genotyped samples from 18 populations from Latin America using the AIMs panel and estimated variability in ancestry within and between these populations. This panel and its reference genotype information will be useful resources to explore population history of admixture in Latin America and to correct for the potential effects of population stratification in admixed samples in the region