Evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria de acetilcolinesterasa y butirilcolinesterasa del extracto alcaloidal de Phaedranassa tunguraguae.

El objetivo fue evaluar la actividad inhibitoria de acetilcolinesterasa y butirilcolinesterasa del extracto alcaloidal del bulbo de Phaedranassa tunguraguae, especie endémica del Ecuador perteneciente a la familia Amaryllidaceae. A partir del extracto bruto obtenido por maceración del bulbo con metanol, se realizó la extracción de alcaloides mediante un método basado en cambios de pH y uso de solventes orgánicos. Además, se identificaron los alcaloides presentes en la muestra a través de Cromatografía de Gases acoplada a Espectrometría de Masas. Complementariamente, se realizó la evaluación de la actividad inhibitoria del extracto alcaloidal frente a las enzimas acetilcolinesterasa y butirilcolinesterasa por el método de Ellman con modificaciones, empleando galantamina como compuesto de referencia. Se realizaron curvas de inhibición enzimática y a partir de la ecuación de la recta obtenida se calculó el IC50 como media de tres repeticiones individuales, cada una por triplicado. En el extracto de alcaloides de P. tunguraguae se detectó la presencia de 15 alcaloides, siendo identificados solo 8 de ellos. Licorina (46,97%) fue el alcaloide más abundante, además se determinó la presencia de 7 alcaloides no identificados con m/z 109, m/z 275, m/z 264, m/z 228, m/z 240, m/z 284, y m/z 294. La actividad inhibitoria enzimática del extracto alcaloidal expresada como IC50 (concentración a la que se produce un 50% de inhibición), fue para acetilcolinesterasa de IC50 11.12 ± 1.87 ug/mL, menor actividad en comparación con galantamina (IC50 0.30 ± 0.01 ug/mL). Por otro lado, para butirilcolinesterasa se obtuvo un IC50 64.49 ± 1.34 µg/mL, frente a galantamina IC50 4.31 ± 0.04 ug/mL. Estos resultados demuestran que el extracto alcaloidal de P. tunguraguae presenta actividad inhibitoria menor a galantamina, pero relativamente destacable, exhibiendo mayor afinidad de los alcaloides por AChE. Se recomienda realizar más estudios fitoquímicos y de actividad biológica de la especie Phaedranassa tunguraguae.The objective was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase of the alkaloidal extract of the Phaedranassa tunguraguae bulb, an endemic species of Ecuador belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. From the crude extract obtained by maceration of the bulb with methanol, the extraction of alkaloids was carried out by a method based on pH changes and the use of organic solvents. In addition, alkaloids present in the sample were identified through Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. In addition, the evaluation of the inhibitory activity of the alkaloidal extract against the enzymes acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase was carried out using the Ellman method with modifications, using galantamine as a reference compound. Enzymatic inhibition curves were made and from the equation of the obtained line the IC50 was calculated as an average of three individual repeats, each in triplicate. In the extract of alkaloids of P. tunguraguae the presence of 15 alkaloids was detected, being identified only 8 of them. Lycorine (46.97%) was the most abundant alkaloid, and the presence of 7 unidentified alkaloids was determined with m/z 109, m/z 275, m/z 228, m/z 240, m/z 284, and m/z 294. The enzymatic inh ibitory activity of alkaloid extract expressed with IC50 (concentration at which 50% inhibition occurs), was for acetylcholinesterase of IC50 11.12 ± 1.87 ug/mL, lower activity compared with galantamine (IC50 0.30 ± 0.01 ug/mL). On the other hand, for butyrylcholinesterase obtained an IC50 of 64.49 ± 1.34 ug/mL, against galantamine IC50 4.31 ± 0.04 ug/mL. These results show that the alkaloid extract of P. tunguraguae has less inhibitory activity than galantamine, but relatively untouchable, showing greater affinity of the alkaloids for AChE. It is recommended to carry out more phytochemical and biological activity studies of the species Phaedranassa tunguraguae

Chemical profiling and cholinesterase inhibitory activity of five Phaedranassa Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) species from Ecuador

It is estimated that 50 million people in the world live with dementia, 60-70% of whom suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Different factors are involved in the development of AD, including a reduction in the cholinergic neurotransmission level. The Amaryllidaceae plant family contains an exclusive, large, and still understudied alkaloid group characterized by a singular skeleton arrangement and a broad spectrum of biological activities. The chemistry and biodiversity of Ecuadorian representatives of the Phaedranassa genus (Amaryllidaceae) have not been widely studied. In this work, five Ecuadorian Phaedranassa species were examined in vitro for their activity towards the enzymes acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and the alkaloid profile of bulb extracts was analyzed by GC-MS. The species Phaedranassa cuencana and Phaedranassa dubia showed the most AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity, respectively. To obtain insight into the potential role of the identified alkaloids in these inhibitory effects, docking experiments were carried out, and cantabricine showed in silico inhibitory activity against both cholinesterase structures. Our results show that Amaryllidaceae species from Ecuador are a potential source of new drugs for the palliative treatment of AD

Passalidae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia: synopsis, key, and new species description

Bess beetles (Passalidae) are a subsocial family of Coleoptera with approximately 1000 known species of saproxylophagous diet and pantropical distribution, with few extratropical species. Because of their high levels of endemism (especially in mountains), feeding habits, and complex subsociability; Passalidae is considered an excellent biological subject for taxonomic, biogeographical, and evolutionary studies. Colombia is the richest country with more than 118 recorded species of Passalidae, most of the species being related to humid and mountain areas. Colombia’s Caribbean region constitutes the northern portion of the country, extending for more than 130,000 km2 and includes four of the eight biogeographical provinces of Colombia. Since the 2000s this region has been the subject of systematic surveys for Passalidae; as a result, 18 passalid species have been recorded to date. After new explorations and review of entomological collections, the knowledge of the passalid fauna for the region is updated, recording 28 species (8 new records, 2 new species) for which are provided species diagnoses, photographs, and a taxonomic key. The dry plain, characteristic of the lowlands, is dominated by widely distributed species such as Passalus punctiger and Passalus interstitialis, while the mountainous systems provide species of more restricted distributions, some of them endemic to the Colombian Caribbean

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Supplementary material 2 from: Jiménez-Ferbans L, Maestre-Guerra A, Villalba-Fuentes E, Barros-Barrios MM, Muñoz-Montero J (2023) Passalidae (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia: synopsis, key, and new species description. ZooKeys 1179: 243-297. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1179.104037

Label information for the photographed specimen

Análisis del tiempo empleado en la cura de lesiones vasculares en una unidad multidisciplinar de heridas

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Describir las características de las heridas atendidas la Unidad Multidisciplinar de Heridas de Burgos y analizar la carga de trabajo de la enfermera según el tiempo utilizado en cada procedimiento de cura. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal realizado en la Unidad Multidisciplinar de Heridas (UMH) del Hospital Universitario de Burgos durante los meses de enero-febrero del año 2016. Evaluación del tiempo de curas de heridas de diferente etiología realizado por Enfermería. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra total de 50 lesiones, de las que un 76% corresponden a etiología venosa, 22% neuropática y 2% isquémica. Asimismo, se observó que las lesiones de origen neuropático/isquémico mostraron una mayor carga para enfermería, en comparación con las de origen venoso. A su vez, se evidencia que según la etiología de la lesión,existen actividades que se aplican con mayor frecuencia, como es el caso de la terapia de presión negativa en lesiones vasculares (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Existen ciertas actividades que aumentan el tiempo del procedimiento de cura, como es la toma de fotografías, el desbridamiento cortante o la aplicación de vendajes compresivos. En relación al tiempo, cada procedimiento clínico de cura excede el límite de tiempo máximo establecido por la administración pública. TIME ANALYSIS OF VASCULAR WOUNDS TREATMENT IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY WOUNDS UNIT ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the characteristics of the wounds treated by the Multidisciplinary Unit of Wounds of Burgos and to analyze the nurse workload according to the time used in wound treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive observational design study carried out in the Multidisciplinary Unit of Wounds (UMH) of Burgos University Hospital from January to February of 2016. Evaluation of the wound healing time of different etiology performed by Nursing. Results: A total sample of 50 lesions was obtained, of which 76% corresponds to venous etiology, 22% neuropathic and 2% ischemic. Likewise, it was observed that lesions of neuropathic / ischemic origin presented a greater burden for nursing, in comparison with those of venous origin. In turn, it is evident that according to the etiology of the lesion, there are activities that are applied more frequently, as is the case of negative pressure therapy in vascular lesions (p<0.001). Conclusions: There are certain activities hat increase the time employed in wound treatment, such as taking photographs, sharp wound debridement or compressive bandages application. In relation to time, each clinical procedure of wound treatment exceeds the maximum time limit established by the public administration

Ingles Remedial-HE14-201602

Inglés Remedial es un curso general de carácter práctico ofrecido por el Área de Inglés dirigido a los estudiantes de todas las carreras y ciclos. El curso busca desarrollar las competencias comunicativas orales y escritas en el idioma inglés a nivel básico como parte del programa de cumplimiento del requisito de idioma en la universidad. El mundo de hoy exige profesionales calificados y el idioma inglés es el escogido para comunicarse en el mercado global. Respondiendo a las necesidades de un mundo que cambia rápidamente el curso invita a nuestros estudiantes a aprender y desarrollar las cuatro habilidades básicas necesarias en un idioma extranjero: escuchar hablar leer y escribir. Con la construcción de estas habilidades y la exploración de nuevas ideas los estudiantes serán capaces de entender hablar leer y escribir en inglés según el nivel en el que se encuentren