Electrophysiological correlates of dispositional mindfulness: A quantitative and complexity EEG study

While growing evidence supports that dispositional mindfulness relates to psychological health and cognitive enhancement, to date there have been only a few attempts to characterize its neural underpinnings. In the present study, we aimed at exploring the electrophysiological (EEG) signature of dispositional mindfulness using quantitative and complexity measures of EEG during resting state and while performing a learning task. Hundred twenty participants were assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and underwent 5 min eyes-closed resting state and 5 min at task EEG recording. We hypothesized that high mindfulness individuals would show patterns of brain activity related to (a) lower involvement of the default mode network (DMN) at rest (reduced frontal gamma power) and (b) a state of ‘task readiness’ reflected in a more similar pattern from rest to task (reduced overall q-EEG power at rest but not at task), as compared to their low mindfulness counterparts. Dispositional mindfulness was significantly linked to reduced frontal gamma power at rest and lower overall power during rest but not at task. In addition, we found a trend towards higher entropy during task performance in mindful individuals, which has recently been reported during mindfulness meditation. Altogether, our results add to those from expert meditators to show that high (dispositional) mindfulness seems to have a specific electrophysiological pattern characteristic of less involvement of the DMN and mind-wandering processes.The current research was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the Andalusian Government (Fondos FEDER) grants: doctoral research grant ES-2016-078667 to NA, PSI2015-65502-C2-2-P to CG-A and A-CTS-111-UGR18, PGC2018-093786-B-I00, and PID2021-127728NB-100 to TB. Funding for open acces charge: Universdad de Granada / CBUA

Dietary pesticide chlorpyrifos-methyl affects arachidonic acid metabolism including phospholipid remodeling in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

The pesticide chlorpyrifos-methyl (CLP-m) has been identified in plant ingredients intended for aquaculture feed production. To investigate systemic effects of CLP-m with emphasis on lipid metabolism, post-smolt Atlantic salmon were fed in duplicate (n = 2) either diets with no CLP-m (Control) or CLP-m at different concentrations (0.1, 1.0 or 8.0 mg kg(-1)) for a total of 67 days (Low, Medium, High). Fish in all groups almost doubled their weight during the feeding trial from 262 +/- 26 g (mean +/- SD) to 465 +/- 64 g (overall mean), with no significant effects on any growth parameters. There was a significant dose-dependent inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity (BuChE) after 67 days. The CLP-m biotransformation metabolite, TCP was detected in liver and bile, with low levels of the parent compound in the organs. Spleen somatic index decreased significantly with increasing dietary CLP-m intake. Hematocrit (%) decreased linearly with increasing dietary exposure to CLP-m after 30 days of exposure, but this decrease was less at 67 days of exposure. A significantly reduced content of arachidonic acid (ARA 20:4n - 6), accompanied by a significantly increased content of the saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid (PA 16:0), was observed in liver phospholipids (PLs) with increasing dietary content of CLP-m. Major effects were seen on the PL classes in liver which showed a significantly decreased absolute content, possibly indicating inhibition of PL remodeling pathways or other membrane perturbation effects from CLP-m exposure. In conclusion, this study shows that the pesticide CLP-m is a relatively potent toxicant in Atlantic salmon, especially affecting liver PLs and ARA metabolism

Low Latency Estimation of Motor Intentions to Assist Reaching Movements along Multiple Sessions in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Feasibility Study

A corrigendum on Low Latency Estimation of Motor Intentions to Assist Reaching Movements along Multiple Sessions in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Feasibility Study by Ibáñez, J., Monge-Pereira, E., Molina-Rueda, F., Serrano, J. I., del Castillo, M. D., Cuesta-Gómez, A., et al. (2017). Front. Neurosci. 11:126. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00126. In the recently published article, there were incorrect and missing contents in the Acknowledgments section

Performance of prognostic index in severe Clostridium difficile-associated infection. Retrospective analysis in a university hospital

Indexación: ScieloIntroducción: Por consenso, la infección asociada a Clostridium difficile (IACD) grave es aquella que resulta en hospitalización en unidad de cuidados intensivos, colectomía o muerte dentro de 30 días. Múltiples índices pronósticos (IP) intentan predecir estos eventos adversos. Objetivo: evaluar el rendimiento de cuatro IP en la predicción de IACD grave. Metodología: pacientes hospitalizados ≥ 18 años con IACD fueron evaluados retrospectivamente. Se excluyeron pacientes con infección recurrente o cáncer hematológico. Se evaluaron cuatro IP: UPMC versión 1, Calgary versión 1, Hines VA y Calgary versión 2. Resultados: Siete de 81 pacientes (8,1%) presentaron una IACD grave. El valor predictor positivo (VPP) y valor predictor negativo (VPN) de los IP varió entre 20-75% y 91,3-95,7%, respectivamente. Sólo el índice de Hines VA tuvo un índice Kappa satisfactorio (0,74;IC 95% 0,46-1) con un VPP de 75% y un VPN de 95,7%. Sin embargo, por las variables incluidas en este IP, sólo pudo ser calculado en 32,6% de los pacientes. Conclusión: El índice de Hines VA presenta el mejor valor predictor y concordancia para descartar una IACD grave. Como otros IP, tiene la limitación de incluir variables difícilmente evaluables en todos los pacientes y tiende a sobreestimar un curso desfavorable.Introduction: By consensus severe, Clostridium difficile-associated infection (CDAI) is one that results in hospitalization in ICU, colectomy or death within 30 days. Multiple prognostic indices (IP) attempt to predict these adverse events. Objective: To evaluate the performance of 4 PI in predicting severe CDI. Methods: Hospitalized patients ≥ 18 years old with ICD were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with recurrent infection or hematological cancer were excluded. Four PI were evaluated: UPMC version 1, Calgary version 1, Hines VA and Calgary version 2. Results: Seven of 81 patients (8.1%) met the definition of severe CDI. Positive predicted value (PPV) and negative predicted value (NPV) of PI ranged from 20-75% and 91.3-95.7%, respectively. Only Hines VA index had a satisfactory Kappa index (0.74; 95% CI 0.41-1) with a PPV of 75% and NPV of 95,7%. However, because of the variables included, this PI could be calculated only in 32.6% of patients. Conclusion: Hines VA index has the best predicted value and agreement to rule out a severe CDI. Like others PI it has the limitation of including difficult variables to assess in all patients and tends to overestimate an unfavorable course.http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rci/v31n6/art03.pd

Photocatalytic fabrics based on reduced graphene oxide and TiO2 coatings

Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2015.04.013The purpose of this work is to obtain photocatalytic fabrics based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and TiO2 coatings on polyester fabrics. The influence of the applied number of RGO coatings on properties such as light absorption, conductivity, electroactivity and photocatalytic properties of the fabrics was established. An improvement of these properties with the number of RGO coatings applied was obtained. FESEM, EDX, XPS and FTIR-ATR showed the incorporation of the TiO2 nanoparticles on the fabrics. FTIR-ATR showed the formation of a bidentate carboxylic ligand with titanium atoms. The photocatalytic properties of the fabrics were tested with Rhodamine B dye solutions. Photocatalytic efficiency increased with the number of RGO coatings, due to the increased light absorption, and better electrical properties. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) and its time constant (τ) decreased, indicating a better electron transfer which helps to increase the lifetime of the pair electron/hole.Authors wish to thank to the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (contract CTM2011-23583) for the financial sup port. J. Molina is grateful to the Conselleria d’Educació, Formació i Ocupació (Generalitat Valenciana) for the Programa VALi+D Postdoctoral Fellowship. Electron Microscopy Service of the UPV (Universitat Politècnica de València) is gratefully acknowledged for help with FESEM and EDX characterization. Timothy Vickers is gratefully acknowledged for help with English revision.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Superficial radiotherapy as haemostatic treatment in breast cancer

Poster Session [EP-1661] Purpose or Objective Breast cancer is a common pathology in which o = 25% in tumor size and absence of bleeding was observed. Conclusion Surface radiotherapy is a treatment modality that should be taken into account in patients with breast cancer who present bleeding as a consequence of local tumor growth, given that this is a treatment comfortable for the patient, non invasive and increases the quality of patient’s life

Factors influencing participation in colorectal cancer screening programs in Spain

To analyze the sociodemographic and organizational factors influencing participation in population-based colorectal cancer screening programs (CRCSP) in Spain, a retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of people invited to participate in the first 3 screening rounds of 6 CRCSP from 2000 to 2012. Mixed logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between sociodemographic and organizational factors, such as the type of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) used and the FOBT delivery type. The analysis was performed separately in groups (Initial screening-first invitation, Subsequent invitation for previous never-responders, Subsequent invitation-regular, Subsequent invitation-irregular intervals). The results showed that, in the Initial screening-first invitation group, participation was higher in women than in men in all age groups (OR 1.05 in persons aged 50–59 years and OR 1.12 in those aged 60–69 years). Participation was also higher when no action was required to receive the FOBT kit, independently of the type of screening (Initial screening-first invitation [OR 2.24], Subsequent invitation for previous never-responders [OR 2.14], Subsequent invitation-regular [OR 2.03], Subsequent invitation-irregular intervals [OR 9.38]) and when quantitative rather than qualitative immunological FOBT (FIT) was offered (Initial screening-first invitation [OR 0.70], Subsequent invitation for previous never-responders [OR 0.12], Subsequent invitation-regular [OR 0.20]) or guaiac testing (Initial screening-first invitation [OR 0.81], Subsequent invitation for previous never-responders [OR 0.88], Subsequent invitation-regular [OR 0.73]). In conclusion, the results of this study show that screening participation could be enhanced by inclusion of the FOBT kit with the screening invitation and the use of the quantitative FIT.This Project was funded by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitario with cofunding from FEDER [PI12/00944

Determinación del Potencial de Crecimiento en Lotes de Cebo de Terneros de Raza Retinta

Más del 10 p.100 del censo aproximado de la raza Retinta (200000 a 250000 reproductoras) están inscritas en el libro genealógico de la raza. Representa el 5,3 p.100 del bovino español y el 14,5 p.100 del autóctono. Se ha controlado el cebo de 373 terneros machos retintos puros procedentes de la ganadería del Centro Experimental Agrícola Ganadero de Jerez de la Frontera de la Excma. Diputación de Cádiz. Los animales se controlaron desde el destete hasta que fueron sacrificados, pesándolos con periodicidad mensual, con un total de 1984 pesadas, de las cuales 373 corresponden a entrada en cebadero, 1238 han sido realizadas durante el periodo de cebo y 373 al sacrificio. La duración media del cebo fue 158,5±2,8 días (cv 34,2 p.100). El periodo medio de aclimatación al cebo tuvo una duración media de 32,6±0,9 días, iniciándose el cebo los terneros con una edad media de 226,5±1,5 días y un peso de 271,3±2,6 kg. El peso promedio al sacrificio en todo el periodo analizado (10 años) fue de 518,0±3,9 kg (con un cv de 14,6 p.100). El 70 p.100 de los animales se sacrificaron con un peso comprendido entre los 450 y 600 kg resultando una ganancia media diaria (GMD) global de 1,58±0,012 kg/día (cv del 14,1 p.100) con un valor mínimo de 0,76 kg/día y un máximo de 2,27. Se puede resaltar que el 14 p.100 de los terneros presentaron una GMD superior a los 2 kg/día. Se obtuvo un índice de transformación global (IT) de 5,29 y un consumo medio diario por animal (CMD) de 8,77 kg. Los valores medios de los lotes cebados en los dos últimos años presentaron un peso al sacrificio de 575,2 kg para una duración del cebo de 175,9±4,2 días y una GMD de 1,6 kg/día. La media del IT fue de 5,18 y del CMD de 8,98 kg, con unos c.v. de 5,93 p.100 y de 5,23 p.100 respectivamente.The Retinta breed has approximately 200000 to 250000 reproducers of which more than 10 percent are registered in the genealogic book of the breed. This represents 5.3 percent of Spanish bovines and 14.5 percent of the autochthonous breed. The fattening of 373 pure Retinto male calves from the Centro Experimental Agrícola y Ganadero from Jerez de la Frontera (Cádiz) was controlled. This control lasted from the time of weaning to the slaughter. The animals were monthly weighted. From the 1984 weightings done, 373 correspond to the moment of entering the centre, 1238 weightings were taken during the fattening process and 373 were made at slaughter. The average length of fattening time was 158.5±2.8 days (cv 34.2 percent). The average period for acclimatisation to the fattening process was 32.6±0.9 days, with the process beginning at an average age of 226.5±1.5 days when the weight was 271±2.6 kg. The average weight at slaughter during the period analysed (10 years) was 518.0±3.9 kg (c.v. 14.6 percent). 70 percent of the animals were slaughtered at 450 to 600 kg of live weight, resulting in an average daily gain (GMD) of 1.58±0.012 kg/day (c.v. 14.1) with a minimum value of 0.76 kg/day and a maximum of 2.27. It should be pointed out that 14 percent of the calves had a GMD of more than 2 kg/day. An overall transformation index (IT) on 5.29 was obtained with an average daily consumption per animal (CMD) of 8.77 kg. The average values for the fattened groups during the last two years showed a weight at time of sacrifice of 575.2 kg for a duration of fattening of 179.9 days and an average daily gain of 1.6 kg/ day. The overall IT was 5.18 and the CMD was 8.98 kg with a c.v. of 5.9 percent and 5.2 respectively

MOQUILLO EN ZORRO COLORADO: La ocurrencia de moquillo en mamíferos silvestres refuerza la importancia de la vacunación periódica en cánidos domésticos a fin de conservar la salud de la fauna autóctona.

El moquillo canino es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa que afecta principalmente a perros, pero también a mamíferos silvestres. En 2022, se diagnosticó moquillo en un zorro colorado en Junín de los Andes, Neuquén. El aumento del número de perros con signos compatibles con esta enfermedad durante el 2021 nos pone en alerta por la posible transmisión del virus entre estas especies. La forma de prevenirla es la vacunación completa y anual, siendo una responsabilidad de todo ciudadano que posea perros bajo su cuidado, no solamente por el bien de los animales de compañía sino para el cuidado de la fauna silvestre en general

Reversal of economic fortunes: institutions and the changing ascendancy of Barcelona and Madrid as economic hubs

This paper looks at the divergent economic trajectories of Barcelona and Madrid since Spain's transition to democracy. It highlights how Barcelona, the city that was better positioned four decades ago to emerge as the main Spanish economic hub, has lost out to Madrid. We argue that the contrasting trajectories of the two cities have less to do with the pull of Madrid as the capital of Spain, with the development of new infrastructure in the country, or with agglomeration economies, and more with institutional factors. A growing societal divide in Barcelona along economic, social, and identity lines has led to a greater breakdown of trust and to the development of strong groups with limited capacity to bridge with one another than in Madrid. This has entailed the emergence of negative externalities that have limited the economic potential for growth in Barcelona and facilitated the rise of Madrid as the main economic hub within Spain