A Structure of Problem Solving Methods for Real Time Decision Support in Traffic Control

This article describes a knowledge-based application in the domain of road traffic management that we have developed following a knowledge modeling approach and the notion of problem-solving method. The article presents first a domain-independent model for real-time decision support as a structured collection of problem solving methods. Then, it is described how this general model is used to develop an operational version for the domain of traffic management. For this purpose, a particular knowledge modeling tool, called KSM (Knowledge Structure Manager), was applied. Finally, the article shows an application developed for a traffic network of the city of Madrid and it is compared with a second application developed for a different traffic area of the city of Barcelona

Sistema de telemedición de calidad del aire para la visualización en tiempo real de una red de dispositivos compactos

Sistema de telemedición de calidad del aire para la visualización en tiempo real de una red de dispositivos compactos. Consiste en el despliegue de una red de dispositivos, incorporados en puntos fijos o móviles (vehículos), con sensores para medir parámetros ambientales como NO2, O3 o CO cuya información es enviada mediante tecnología inalámbrica ZigBee. De esta forma es posible conocer el estado de salud ambiental en municipios o en puntos interurbanos (dependiendo del alcance de la red) en tiempo real a través de mapas con niveles cuantitativos, en los distintos puntos donde son situados los dispositivos finales, o cualitativos asociados a vías con solo disponer de una aplicación en su Smartphone o accediendo a la aplicación web mediante un enlace, el cual, puede estar situado por ejemplo, en la página web del cliente.Titular: Universidad de Cádi

The integration of Sustainable Development Goal 5 in the teaching of Spanish universities. Systematic review

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron realizar una revisión de la literatura científica sobre la integración del ODS 5 en la docencia universitaria en España, en las bases de datos Web of Science y Google Scholar (años 2015 a 2020), y analizar cómo y en qué medida se está integrando dicho ODS. Se diseñó un estudio ex post facto retrospectivo y se utilizó la técnica de análisis de indicadores bibliométricos. Los criterios de elegibilidad de los estudios fueron: (1) la temática: integración de los ODS 5 en la docencia, (2) contexto de estudio español, (3) accesibilidad al contenido íntegro del documento y (4) publicaciones de los últimos seis años. Se emplearon los análisis descriptivos de las variables estudiadas, con el software SPSS. v. 21. Fueron seleccionados 31 manuscritos. Los hallazgos muestran el escaso interés en la integración del ODS 5 en la docencia universitaria, la temática preeminente es la integración del ODS5 en la formación de los futuros maestros y la autoría es preferentemente femenina. En conclusión, no hay un cambio de paradigma hacia la igualdad y la investigación en redes colaborativas. Las limitaciones del estudio se centran que no se han analizado otros indicadores como la categoría profesional, la producción y el índice de impacto por autor/a.The aim of this study was to conduct a review of the scientific literature on the integration of SDG 5 in university teaching in Spain, in the Web of Science and Google Scholar databases (years 2015 to 2020). An ex post facto retrospective study was carried out using the bibliometric indicator analysis technique. Eligibility criteria for the studies were: (1) subject matter: integration of SDG 5 in teaching, (2) Spanish study context and (3) accessibility to the full content of the document. Descriptive analyses of the variables studied were used with SPSS v. 21 software. Thirty-one manuscripts were selected. Findings show little interest in the integration of SDG5 in university teaching, pre-eminent theme is mainstreaming SDG5 in the training of future teachers and authorship is predominantly female. In conclusion, there is no paradigm shift towards equality and collaborative network research. The limitations the study has are that other indicators such as professional category, production and impact index per author have not been analyzed

FORTALECIMIENTO A LA GESTIÓN PRODUCTUVA DE LA FINCA PORCULTURA PIG-BREEDING MEDIANTE UN SI

El presente documento, expone el desarrollo de una solución tecnológica en proceso a la cría de cerdos de la finca porcicultora "El Paraíso" ubicada en el departamento de Boyacá, para ello se realiza la caracterización del seguimiento de actividades relacionadas con la documentación y trazabilidad de la información y el análisis de necesidades que se vivencian debido al proceso empírico que se gestiona actualmente en el manejo de inventarios de la comida y medicamentos, el seguimiento de todas las actividades del proceso de la cría, el control del inventario de los animales que se encuentran en la finca y el diligenciamiento de reportes solicitados por las entidades regulatorias.Lo anterior da lugar al reconocimiento de fallas y la necesidad de optimizar el proceso a través de la implementación de soluciones tecnológicas, dado las fallas presentadas en el cumplimiento de la producción y el almacenamiento, además de gestionar de forma manual los procesos de gestión, organización documental, reportes, gestión de inventarios y ventas

FORTALECIMIENTO A LA GESTIÓN PRODUCTUVA DE LA FINCA PORCULTURA PIG-BREEDING MEDIANTE UN SI

El presente documento, expone el desarrollo de una solución tecnológica en proceso a la cría de cerdos de la finca porcicultora "El Paraíso" ubicada en el departamento de Boyacá, para ello se realiza la caracterización del seguimiento de actividades relacionadas con la documentación y trazabilidad de la información y el análisis de necesidades que se vivencian debido al proceso empírico que se gestiona actualmente en el manejo de inventarios de la comida y medicamentos, el seguimiento de todas las actividades del proceso de la cría, el control del inventario de los animales que se encuentran en la finca y el diligenciamiento de reportes solicitados por las entidades regulatorias.Lo anterior da lugar al reconocimiento de fallas y la necesidad de optimizar el proceso a través de la implementación de soluciones tecnológicas, dado las fallas presentadas en el cumplimiento de la producción y el almacenamiento, además de gestionar de forma manual los procesos de gestión, organización documental, reportes, gestión de inventarios y ventas

Occupational factors associated with health-related quality of life in nursing professionals: a multi-centre study

Background: Nursing professionals are exposed to stressful situations arising from the work context that may affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between sociodemographic and work-related variables regarding HRQoL in nursing professionals. Methods: A multi-centre, cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The participants consisted 1521 nurses working in healthcare centres, in both primary care and hospital care, in the eight provinces of the Andalusian Public Health System (APHS), Spain. Sociodemographic and work-related variables were analysed: Compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction and burnout were measured using the professional quality of life questionnaire (ProQOL), and HRQoL was measured using the SF-12 health questionnaire. Results: Compassion fatigue, burnou, and, to a lesser extent, compassion satisfaction significantly influence the physical and mental components of HRQoL. The simple regression analysis showed that burnout and compassion fatigue were significantly associated with the mental component of HRQoL. Gender influenced the mental component of HRQoL. The rest of the sociodemographic and work-related variables were not significantly related to HRQoL. Conclusion: Work-related stress and repeated contact with situations of suffering influence HRQoL. Health systems must implement programmes to increase the emotional well-being of workers

Predictors and changes of physical activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background Different clinical predictors of physical activity (PA) have been described in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but studies are lacking evaluating the potential role of muscle strength and anxiety and depression symptoms in PA limitation. Moreover, little is known about the impact of changes in PA in the course of the disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between baseline PA and a wide range of variables in IPF, to assess its longitudinal changes at 12 months and its impact on progression free-survival. Methods PA was assessed by accelerometer and physiological, clinical, psychological factors and health-related quality of life were evaluated in subjects with IPF at baseline and at 12 month follow-up. Predictors of PA were determined at baseline, evolution of PA parameters was described and the prognostic role of PA evolution was also established. Results Forty participants with IPF were included and 22 completed the follow-up. At baseline, subjects performed 5765 (3442) daily steps and spent 64 (44) minutes/day in moderate to vigorous PA. Multivariate regression models showed that at baseline, a lower six-minute walked distance, lower quadriceps strength (QMVC), and a higher depression score in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale were associated to lower daily step number. In addition, being in (Gender-Age-Physiology) GAP III stage, having a BMI >= 25 kg/m(2) and lower QMVC or maximum inspiratory pressure were factors associated with sedentary behaviour. Adjusted for age, gender and forced vital capacity (FVC) (%pred.) a lower progression-free survival was evidenced in those subjects that decreased PA compared to those that maintained, or even increased it, at 12 months [HR 12.1 (95% CI, 1.9-78.8); p = 0.009]. Conclusion Among a wide range of variables, muscle strength and depression symptoms have a predominant role in PA in IPF patients. Daily PA behaviour and its evolution should be considered in IPF clinical assessment and as a potential complementary indicator of disease prognosis

Pharmacological Opportunities for Prevention of Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a disorder that occurs during pregnancy, it has an estimated worldwide prevalence of 5–8%, being one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Currently, different diagnostic criteria exist, however, due to its complexity; the clinical presentation that makes up this syndrome could make its presence unclear. The pathophysiology of PE has been recently postulated and divided into three processes: inadequate uterine remodeling, placental dysfunction and maternal endothelial dysfunction. Despite the advances in the treatment of PE, the outcome of the medical interventions has failed to decrease the morbidity and mortality of this disease. The main reason might be the multifactorial origin of pathogenic processes that lead to the development of PE. That is why treatment is focused on the prevention of PE in patients that might present the risk before developing it late in pregnancy. The knowledge of the pathophysiological factors that trigger the processes that culminate in the presentation of PE, is key for prevention of this disease. However, the origin of these processes is poorly understood. It may be attributed to the ethical considerations that come with the study of these population of patients compared with the study of non-pregnant women

Clinical Trials in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of preterm birth by medical indication when associated with premature detachment of placenta normoinserta, and Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality and long-term sequelae. The main problem of PE is threefold: the diagnostic difficulty, the complicated interrelationship of the pathophysiological processes, and the vulnerability of the maternal-fetal binomial to the therapeutic interventions. The approach for management with PE is preventing its late occurrence in pregnancy. The key to preventing PE is knowledge of the factors that trigger the pathophysiological processes that culminate in the presentation of PE. Understanding the developmental characteristics of the placenta in pregnancy at high risk for PE is essential for understanding the pathophysiology and developing strategies for prevention. When deciding that the population of study is a group of pregnant women, the first ethical criteria that need to be reviewed are those aimed at the protection of the fetus. There are no specific guidelines on how to assess fetal well-being during pregnancy routinely in the clinic, and this deficiency is shifted to clinical research with pregnant women