Microwave magnetoabsorption in glass-coated amorphous microwires with radii close to skin depth

[EN] We present the frequency dependence of microwave magnetoabsorption in glass-coated amorphous microwires of (Co100-xFex)(72.5)Si12.5B15. The data were taken at room temperature in the frequency range of 1-60 GHz for fields up to 15 kOe by either a cavity perturbation technique or a coaxial transmission line. The resulting spectra strongly depend upon the local microwave magnetic and electric fields. We have found that we can simulate the spectra using an analytic solution to the problem of electromagnetic scattering from a cylinder. We demonstrate that these unusual spectra can be interpreted in terms of ferromagnetic resonance and antiferromagnetic resonance. However, because the electromagnetic skin depth is comparable to the radius, the resonance and antiresonance fields do not follow the conventional equations. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.Lofland, S.; García Miquel, ÁH.; Vázquez, M.; Bhagat, S. (2002). Microwave magnetoabsorption in glass-coated amorphous microwires with radii close to skin depth. Journal of Applied Physics. 92(4):2058-2063. doi:10.1063/1.1494847S2058206392

Ferromagnetic resonance in FeCoNi electroplated wires

[EN] We have investigated the microwave properties (ferromagnetic resonance and ferromagnetic antiresonance) of FeCoNi magnetic tubes created by electroplating on CuBe wire. Important parameters such as the g factor, magnetization, anisotropy field, and damping parameter were obtained from the measurements. One sample, prepared by a method which entails rf-sputtering deposition of an additional FeNi layer, shows a clear ferromagnetic antiresonance. (C) 2003 American Institute of Physics.This work was partially supported by Spanish Secretaria de Estado de Educación y Universidades, Generalitat Valenciana under Project No. CTIDIA/2002/50, Spanish CICyT under Grant No. MAT2000-1047, Award No. Rec-005 of the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (CRDF). One of the authors (G.V.K.) thanks Spanish MCyT for her Ramon and Cajal Fellowship. The authors thank Professor V. O. Vas kovskiy for his help.García Miquel, ÁH.; Bhagat, S.; Lofland, S.; Kurlyandskaya, G.; Svalov, A. (2003). Ferromagnetic resonance in FeCoNi electroplated wires. Journal of Applied Physics. 94(3):1868-1872. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1590407S18681872943Sixtus, K. J., & Tonks, L. (1932). Propagation of Large Barkhausen Discontinuities. II. Physical Review, 42(3), 419-435. doi:10.1103/physrev.42.419Panina, L. V., & Mohri, K. (1994). Magneto‐impedance effect in amorphous wires. Applied Physics Letters, 65(9), 1189-1191. doi:10.1063/1.112104Vázquez, M., & Hernando, A. (1996). A soft magnetic wire for sensor applications. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 29(4), 939-949. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/29/4/001Britel, M. R., Ménard, D., Melo, L. G., Ciureanu, P., Yelon, A., Cochrane, R. W., … Cornut, B. (2000). Magnetoimpedance measurements of ferromagnetic resonance and antiresonance. Applied Physics Letters, 77(17), 2737-2739. doi:10.1063/1.1320042Garcı́a-Miquel, H., Garcı́a, J. ., Garcı́a-Beneytez, J. ., & Vázquez, M. (2001). Surface magnetic anisotropy in glass-coated amorphous microwires as determined from ferromagnetic resonance measurements. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 231(1), 38-44. doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(01)00040-3Wiggins, J., Srikanth, H., Wang, K.-Y., Spinu, L., & Tang, J. (2000). Magneto-impedance of glass-coated Fe–Ni–Cu microwires. Journal of Applied Physics, 87(9), 4810-4812. doi:10.1063/1.373167Pirota, K. ., Kraus, L., Chiriac, H., & Knobel, M. (2000). Magnetic properties and giant magnetoimpedance in a CoFeSiB glass-covered microwire. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 221(3), L243-L247. doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00554-0Antonov, A. S., Buznikov, N. A., Iakubov, I. T., Lagarkov, A. N., & Rakhmanov, A. L. (2001). Nonlinear magnetization reversal of Co-based amorphous microwires induced by an ac current. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 34(5), 752-757. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/34/5/314Gay-Balmaz, P., Maccio, C., & Martin, O. J. F. (2002). Microwire arrays with plasmonic response at microwave frequencies. Applied Physics Letters, 81(15), 2896-2898. doi:10.1063/1.1513663Beach, R. S., Smith, N., Platt, C. L., Jeffers, F., & Berkowitz, A. E. (1996). Magneto‐impedance effect in NiFe plated wire. Applied Physics Letters, 68(19), 2753-2755. doi:10.1063/1.115587Kurlyandskaya, G. V., Barandiarán, J. M., Gutiérrez, J., Garcı́a, D., Vázquez, M., & Vas’kovskiy, V. O. (1999). Magnetoimpedance effect in CoFeNi plated wire with ac field annealing destabilized domain structure. Journal of Applied Physics, 85(8), 5438-5440. doi:10.1063/1.369968Garcia, J. ., Asenjo, A., Sinnecker, J. ., & Vazquez, M. (2000). Correlation between GMI effect and domain structure in electrodeposited Co–P tubes. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 215-216, 352-354. doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00156-6Yu, R. H., Landry, G., Li, Y. F., Basu, S., & Xiao, J. Q. (2000). Magneto-impedance effect in soft magnetic tubes. Journal of Applied Physics, 87(9), 4807-4809. doi:10.1063/1.373166Kurlyandskaya, G. ., Garcı́a-Miquel, H., Vázquez, M., Svalov, A. ., & Vas’kovskiy, V. . (2002). Longitudinal magnetic bistability of electroplated wires. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 249(1-2), 34-38. doi:10.1016/s0304-8853(02)00500-0Kurlyandskaya, G. V., Yakabchuk, H., Kisker, E., Bebenin, N. G., Garcı́a-Miquel, H., Vázquez, M., & Vas’kovskiy, V. O. (2001). Very large magnetoimpedance effect in FeCoNi ferromagnetic tubes with high order magnetic anisotropy. Journal of Applied Physics, 90(12), 6280-6286. doi:10.1063/1.1418423Favieres, C., Aroca, C., Sánchez, M. C., & Madurga, V. (2000). Matteucci effect as exhibited by cylindrical CoP amorphous multilayers. Journal of Applied Physics, 87(4), 1889-1898. doi:10.1063/1.372109Lofland, S. E., Garcia-Miquel, H., Vazquez, M., & Bhagat, S. M. (2002). Microwave magnetoabsorption in glass-coated amorphous microwires with radii close to skin depth. Journal of Applied Physics, 92(4), 2058-2063. doi:10.1063/1.149484

Thermal hysteresis of microwave loss in (La1-xPrx)(0.7)Ca 0.3MnO3 films

[EN] We have measured the temperature (T) dependencies of the dc resistances (R-dc) and the microwave loss (R-muw) in a variety of samples of (La1-xPrx)(0.7)Ca0.3MnO3 while varying x from 0 to 0.4. Whereas both the sets of data exhibit maxima, the ac loss peak is much flatter and, during cooling, appears at a much lower temperature than the peak temperature in R-dc. The discrepancy, which vanishes for x=0, increases with lowering tolerance factor (t) (or increasing x). Also R-muw vs T exhibits large thermal hysteresis for x=0.4 indicating that the transition is first order. Cooling in a magnetic field of 9 kOe causes an upward shift of about 20 K in the R-muw peak, in some of the x=0.4 films, yielding a large magnetoimpedance. Further, once these films are exposed to a magnetic field at low T, they fail to recover their virginal behavior on subsequent cooling from room T. These films could be brought to their original state by annealing at high T. The discrepancy between R-dc and R-muw implies that the system is inhomogeneous at low T, providing, for the first time, microwave absorption evidence that manganites exhibit multiphase behavior. Presumably, disorder and strain (increasing with x) combine to stabilize a mixed phase. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.S77367738911

DES13S2cmm: the first superluminous supernova from the Dark Energy Survey

We present DES13S2cmm, the first spectroscopically-confirmed superluminous supernova (SLSN) from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We briefly discuss the data and search algorithm used to find this event in the first year of DES operations, and outline the spectroscopic data obtained from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Very Large Telescope to confirm its redshift (z = 0.663 +/- 0.001 based on the host-galaxy emission lines) and likely spectral type (type I). Using this redshift, we find M_U_peak = -21.05 +0.10 -0.09 for the peak, rest-frame U-band absolute magnitude, and find DES13S2cmm to be located in a faint, low metallicity (sub-solar), low stellar-mass host galaxy (log(M/M_sun) = 9.3 +/- 0.3); consistent with what is seen for other SLSNe-I. We compare the bolometric light curve of DES13S2cmm to fourteen similarly well-observed SLSNe-I in the literature and find it possesses one of the slowest declining tails (beyond +30 days rest frame past peak), and is the faintest at peak. Moreover, we find the bolometric light curves of all SLSNe-I studied herein possess a dispersion of only 0.2-0.3 magnitudes between +25 and +30 days after peak (rest frame) depending on redshift range studied; this could be important for 'standardising' such supernovae, as is done with the more common type Ia. We fit the bolometric light curve of DES13S2cmm with two competing models for SLSNe-I - the radioactive decay of 56Ni, and a magnetar - and find that while the magnetar is formally a better fit, neither model provides a compelling match to the data. Although we are unable to conclusively differentiate between these two physical models for this particular SLSN-I, further DES observations of more SLSNe-I should break this degeneracy, especially if the light curves of SLSNe-I can be observed beyond 100 days in the rest frame of the supernova.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS (2015 January 23), 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 table

Reconstructing the Cosmic Expansion History up to Redshift z=6.29 with the Calibrated Gamma-Ray Bursts

Recently, Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) were proposed to be a complementary cosmological probe to type Ia supernovae (SNIa). GRBs have been advocated to be standard candles since several empirical GRB luminosity relations were proposed as distance indicators. However, there is a so-called circularity problem in the direct use of GRBs. Recently, a new idea to calibrate GRBs in a completely cosmology independent manner has been proposed, and the circularity problem can be solved. In the present work, following the method proposed by Liang {\it et al.}, we calibrate 70 GRBs with the Amati relation using 307 SNIa. Then, following the method proposed by Shafieloo {\it et al.}, we smoothly reconstruct the cosmic expansion history up to redshift $z=6.29$ with the calibrated GRBs. We find some new features in the reconstructed results.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, revtex4; v2: title changed, accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C; v3: published versio

Use of SMS texts for facilitating access to online alcohol interventions: a feasibility study

A41 Use of SMS texts for facilitating access to online alcohol interventions: a feasibility study In: Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2017, 12(Suppl 1): A4

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Measurement of the W+W- Production Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV using Dilepton Events

We present a measurement of the W+W- production cross section using 184/pb of ppbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Using the dilepton decay channel W+W- -> l+l-vvbar, where the charged leptons can be either electrons or muons, we find 17 candidate events compared to an expected background of 5.0+2.2-0.8 events. The resulting W+W- production cross section measurement of sigma(ppbar -> W+W-) = 14.6 +5.8 -5.1 (stat) +1.8 -3.0 (syst) +-0.9 (lum) pb agrees well with the Standard Model expectation.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. To be submitted to Physical Review Letter

A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers

Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P < 10−8, at 5 loci, which are not associated with risk in the general population. They include rs60882887 at 11p11.2 where MADD, SP11 and EIF1, genes previously implicated in BC biology, are predicted as potential targets. These findings will contribute towards customising BC polygenic risk scores for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.</p