180 research outputs found
UTES - Renewable Energy Stores Beneath Our Feet
F. A. Michel - Director, Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
Concerns over energy dependence on dwindling hydrocarbon 'resources have focused attention on alternative renewable sources, such as solar, wind, biofuels, and hydrogen. Research on the technologies that will allow us to utilize these renewable energy sources economically has grown substantially over the past decade. Although largely ignored, the earth beneath our feet provides a myriad of options to consider, from direct utilization of high temperature geothermal energy, to the creation of hot and cold energy stores capable of permitting load shifting. Underground thermal energy storage (UTES) technology is versatile, flexible, economical, and can be adapted to account for local subsurface conditions. It is available everywhere, provided there is an adequate understanding of the local geology and hydrogeology. So what is it and why isn't it being used more widely?Ope
High Energy Processes in Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Young pulsars produce relativistic winds which interact with matter ejected
during the supernova explosion and the surrounding interstellar gas. Particles
are accelerated to very high energies somewhere in the pulsar winds or at the
shocks produced in collisions of the winds with the surrounding medium. As a
result of interactions of relativistic leptons with the magnetic field and low
energy radiation (of synchrotron origin, thermal, or microwave background), the
non-thermal radiation is produced with the lowest possible energies up to
100 TeV. The high energy (TeV) gamma-ray emission has been originally
observed from the Crab Nebula and recently from several other objects. Recent
observations by the HESS Cherenkov telescopes allow to study for the first time
morphology of the sources of high energy emission, showing unexpected spectral
features. They might be also interpreted as due to acceleration of hadrons.
However, theory of particle acceleration in the PWNe and models for production
of radiation are still at their early stage of development since it becomes
clear that realistic modeling of these objects should include their time
evolution and three-dimensional geometry. In this paper we concentrate on the
attempts to create a model for the high energy processes inside the PWNe which
includes existence not only relativistic leptons but also hadrons inside the
nebula. Such model should also take into account evolution of the nebula in
time. Possible high energy expectations based on such a model are discussed in
the context of new observations.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, Proc. Multimessenger approach to high energy
gamma-ray source
Resonance expansions in quantum mechanics
The goal of this contribution is to discuss various resonance expansions that
have been proposed in the literature.Comment: 10 pages and 1 figure; presented at the Istanbul workshop on
pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian
Conformal geometry of the supercotangent and spinor bundles
We study the actions of local conformal vector fields Xâconf(M,g) on the spinor bundle of (M,g) and on its classical counterpart: the supercotangent bundle M of (M,g). We first deal with the classical framework and determine the Hamiltonian lift of conf(M,g) to M. We then perform the geometric quantization of the supercotangent bundle of (M,g), which constructs the spinor bundle as the quantum representation space. The Kosmann Lie derivative of spinors is btained by quantization of the comoment map.
The quantum and classical actions of conf(M,g) turn, respectively, the space of differential operators acting on spinor densities and the space of their symbols into conf(M,g)-modules. They are filtered and admit a common associated graded module. In the conformally flat case, the latter helps us determine the conformal invariants of both conf(M,g)-modules, in particular the conformally odd powers of the Dirac operator.Peer reviewe
Author Correction: Regulatory T cells in psoriatic arthritis: an IL-17A-producing, Foxp3intCD161â+âRORÎłtâ+âICOSâ+âphenotype, that associates with the presence of ADAMTSL5 autoantibodies
Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24924-w, published online 30 November 202
Heritability estimates for 361 blood metabolites across 40 genome-wide association studies
Metabolomics examines the small molecules involved in cellular metabolism. Approximately 50% of total phenotypic differences in metabolite levels is due to genetic variance, but heritability estimates differ across metabolite classes. We perform a review of all genome-wide association and (exome-) sequencing studies published between November 2008 and October 2018, and identify >800 class-specific metabolite loci associated with metabolite levels. In a twin-family cohort (N = 5117), these metabolite loci are leveraged to simultaneously estimate total heritability (h2 total), and the proportion of heritability captured by known metabolite loci (h2 Metabolite-hits) for 309 lipids and
Relativistic Laser-Matter Interaction and Relativistic Laboratory Astrophysics
The paper is devoted to the prospects of using the laser radiation
interaction with plasmas in the laboratory relativistic astrophysics context.
We discuss the dimensionless parameters characterizing the processes in the
laser and astrophysical plasmas and emphasize a similarity between the laser
and astrophysical plasmas in the ultrarelativistic energy limit. In particular,
we address basic mechanisms of the charged particle acceleration, the
collisionless shock wave and magnetic reconnection and vortex dynamics
properties relevant to the problem of ultrarelativistic particle acceleration.Comment: 58 pages, 19 figure
Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.
BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362
- âŠ