109 research outputs found
Dielectric anomalies and spiral magnetic order in CoCr2O4
We have investigated the structural, magnetic, thermodynamic, and dielectric
properties of polycrystalline CoCrO, an insulating spinel exhibiting
both ferrimagnetic and spiral magnetic structures. Below = 94 K the
sample develops long-range ferrimagnetic order, and we attribute a sharp phase
transition at 25 K with the onset of long-range spiral magnetic
order. Neutron measurements confirm that while the structure remains cubic at
80 K and at 11 K; there is complex magnetic ordering by 11 K. Density
functional theory supports the view of a ferrimagnetic semiconductor with
magnetic interactions consistent with non-collinear ordering. Capacitance
measurements on CoCrO, show a sharp decrease in the dielectric constant
at , but also an anomaly showing thermal hysteresis falling between
approximately = 50 K and = 57 K. We tentatively attribute the
appearance of this higher temperature dielectric anomaly to the development of
\textit{short-range} spiral magnetic order, and discuss these results in the
context of utilizing dielectric spectroscopy to investigate non-collinear
short-range magnetic structures.Comment: & Figure
Magnetodielectric coupling in Mn3O4
We have investigated the dielectric anomalies associated with spin ordering
transitions in the tetragonal spinel MnO, using thermodynamic,
magnetic, and dielectric measurements. We find that two of the three magnetic
ordering transitions in MnO lead to decreases in the temperature
dependent dielectric constant at zero applied field. Applying a magnetic field
to the polycrystalline sample leaves these two dielectric anomalies practically
unchanged, but leads to an increase in the dielectric constant at the
intermediate spin-ordering transition. We discuss possible origins for this
magnetodielectric behavior in terms of spin-phonon coupling. Band structure
calculations suggest that in its ferrimagnetic state, MnO corresponds
to a semiconductor with no orbital degeneracy due to strong Jahn-Teller
distortion.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Risks management and cobots. Identifying critical variables
Trabajo presentado en: 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL), 22–26 September 2019, HannoverA collaborative robot or a "Cobot" is the name of a robot that can share a workspace with operators
in the absence of a protective fence or with only partial protection. They represent a new and expanding sector of
industrial robotics. This investigation draws from the latest international rules and safety parameters related to
work with collaborative robots. Its detailed research is motivated by the design of a collaborative industrial robot
system, hazard elimination, risk reduction, and different collaborative operations, such as power and force
limiting, collaborative operation design, and end-effector safety requirements, among others. The purpose of our
study is to analyze the most important variables that must be controlled in accordance with the desired use of the
Cobot, according to ISO / TS 15066, ISO / TR 20218-1and some other generic safety regulations on machines and
industrial robots. A series of observations and appreciations on the use of the Cobot will also be presented
Structural and magnetic characterization of the complete delafossite solid solution (CuAlO2){1-x}(CuCrO2){x}
We have prepared the complete delafossite solid solution series between
diamagnetic CuAlO2 and the t2g^3 frustrated antiferromagnet CuCrO2. The
evolution with composition x in CuAl(1-x)Cr(x)O2 of the crystal structure and
magnetic properties has been studied and is reported here. The room-temperature
unit cell parameters follow the Vegard law and increase with x as expected. The
effective moment is equal to the Cr^3+ spin-only S = 3/2 value throughout the
entire solid solution. Theta is negative, indicating that the dominant
interactions are antiferromagnetic, and its magnitude increases with Cr
substitution. For dilute Cr compositions, J_BB was estimated by mean-field
theory to be 2.0 meV. Despite the sizable Theta, long-range antiferromagnetic
order does not develop until very large x, and is preceeded by glassy behavior.
Data presented here, and that on dilute Al-substitution from Okuda et al.,
suggest that the reduction in magnetic frustration due to the presence of
non-magnetic Al does not have as dominant an effect on magnetism as chemical
disorder and dilution of the magnetic exchange. For all samples, the 5 K
isothermal magnetization does not saturate in fields up to 5 T and minimal
hysteresis is observed. The presence of antiferromagnetic interactions is
clearly evident in the sub-Brillouin behavior with a reduced magnetization per
Cr atom. An inspection of the scaled Curie plot reveals that significant
short-range antiferromagnetic interactions occur in CuCrO2 above its Neel
temperature, consistent with its magnetic frustration. Uncompensated
short-range interactions are present in the Al-substituted samples and are
likely a result of chemical disorder
Understanding the role of crystallographic shear on the electrochemical behavior of niobium oxyfluorides
The effects of shear planes in perovskite materials have been studied in order to identify their role in the electrochemical behavior of Li⁺ intercalation hosts. These planes modulate the structural stability and ionic transport pathways and therefore play an intimate role in the characteristics and performance of shear compounds. Herein, two Nb-based compounds, NbO₂F and Nb₃O₇F, were chosen as representative perovskite and shear derivatives respectively to investigate the role of crystallographic shear. A series of operando measurements, including X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in conjunction with structural analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and detailed electrochemical studies identified the effect of shear planes. It was found that shear planes led to increased structural stability during Li⁺ (de)intercalation with shear layers being maintained, while perovskite layers were seen to degrade rapidly. However, disordering in the shear plane stacking introduced during delithiation ultimately led to poor capacity retention despite structural maintenance as Li⁺ diffusion channels are disrupted
The role of static disorder in negative thermal expansion in ReO3
Time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction and specific heat measurements were
used to study the nature of thermal expansion in rhenium trioxide, an
electrically conducting oxide with cubic symmetry. The temperature evolution of
the lattice parameters show that ReO3 can exhibit negative thermal expansion at
low temperatures and that the transition from negative to positive thermal
expansion depends on sample preparation; the single crystal sample demonstrated
the highest transition temperature, 300 K, and largest negative value for the
coefficient of thermal expansion, alpha = -1.1(1)x 10^-6 K^-1. For the oxygen
atoms, the atomic displacement parameters are strongly anisotropic even at 15
K, indicative of a large contribution of static disorder to the displacement
parameters. Further inspection of the temperature evolution of the oxygen
displacement parameters for different samples reveals that the static disorder
contribution is greater for the samples with diminished NTE behavior. In
addition, specific heat measurements show that ReO3 lacks the low energy
Einstein-type modes seen in other negative thermal expansion oxides such as
ZrW2O8.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
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Multielectron Redox and Insulator-to-Metal Transition upon Lithium Insertion in the Fast-Charging, Wadsley-Roth Phase PNb 9 O 25
Evolution of magnetic properties in the normal spinel solid solution Mg(1-x)Cu(x)Cr2O4
We examine the evolution of magnetic properties in the normal spinel oxides
Mg(1-x)Cu(x)Cr2O4 using magnetization and heat capacity measurements. The
end-member compounds of the solid solution series have been studied in some
detail because of their very interesting magnetic behavior. MgCr2O4 is a highly
frustrated system that undergoes a first order structural transition at its
antiferromagnetic ordering temperature. CuCr2O4 is tetragonal at room
temperature as a result of Jahn-Teller active tetrahedral Cu^2+ and undergoes a
magnetic transition at 135 K. Substitution of magnetic cations for diamagnetic
Mg^2+ on the tetrahedral A site in the compositional series Mg(1-x)Cu(x)Cr2O4
dramatically affects magnetic behavior. In the composition range 0 < x < 0.3,
the compounds are antiferromagnetic. A sharp peak observed at 12.5K in the heat
capacity of MgCr2O4 corresponding to a magnetically driven first order
structural transition is suppressed even for small x suggesting glassy
disorder. Uncompensated magnetism - with open magnetization loops - develops
for samples in the x range 0.43 < x < 1. Multiple magnetic ordering
temperatures and large coercive fields emerge in the intermediate composition
range 0.43 < x < 0.47. The Neel temperature increases with increasing x across
the series while the value of the Curie-Weiss Theta decreases. A magnetic
temperature-composition phase diagram of the solid solution series is
presented
What research agenda could be generated from the European General Practice Research Network concept of Multimorbidity in Family Practice?
This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity is an intuitively appealing, yet challenging, concept for Family Medicine (FM). An EGPRN working group has published a comprehensive definition of the concept based on a systematic review of the literature which is closely linked to patient complexity and to the biopsychosocial model. This concept was identified by European Family Physicians (FPs) throughout Europe using 13 qualitative surveys. To further our understanding of the issues around multimorbidity, we needed to do innovative research to clarify this concept. The research question for this survey was: what research agenda could be generated for Family Medicine from the EGPRN concept of Multimorbidity? METHODS: Nominal group design with a purposive panel of experts in the field of multimorbidity. The nominal group worked through four phases: ideas generation phase, ideas recording phase, evaluation and analysis phase and a prioritization phase. RESULTS: Fifteen international experts participated. A research agenda was established, featuring 6 topics and 11 themes with their corresponding study designs. The highest priorities were given to the following topics: measuring multimorbidity and the impact of multimorbidity. In addition the experts stressed that the concept should be simplified. This would be best achieved by working in reverse: starting with the outcomes and working back to find the useful variables within the concept. CONCLUSION: The highest priority for future research on multimorbidity should be given to measuring multimorbidity and to simplifying the EGPRN model, using a pragmatic approach to determine the useful variables within the concept from its outcomes.The study had a Grant of 8000 Euros from the EGPRN
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