Caracterização do sono dos estudantes universitários do Instituto Superior Técnico

Tese de mestrado em Medicina do Sono, apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 2008Disponível no document

FORMAÇÃO DE CONCEITOS CIENTÍFICOS USANDO O TEMA DOS VEGETAIS COM ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

Understanding the process of scientific concept formation is of paramount importance to the cognitive development of the student, since the existing knowledge in their cognitive structure will be the basis for structuring the concepts in the mind. The aim of this paper is to understand how spontaneous concepts contribute to the formation of scientific concept using the theme of vegetables. The research is qualitative. The technique used was participant observation and conversation wheel. The speech and actions of the students were recorded. The research was conducted at a riverside school in the city of Parintins-AM, with students of the 4th year of elementary school. The results showed that the students' spontaneous concepts contributed to the understanding of the scientific concepts presented in the conversation wheel. In addition to the conceptual advances, the work reflects the use of didactic strategies that encourage students to think and analyze the world in which they live, in order to understand the problems present in their daily lives.É importante entender que o processo de formação de conceitos científicos é extremamente relevante para o desenvolvimento cognitivo dos estudantes, uma vez que os conhecimentos existentes em sua estrutura cognitiva será a base para novos conceitos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender como os conceitos espontâneos contribuem para a formação de conceitos científicos usando o tema dos vegetais. A pesquisa é do tipo qualitativo. Utilizamos as técnicas de observação participante e roda de conversa. Foram registradas as falas e as ações dos estudantes. A pesquisa realizou-se em uma escola ribeirinha no município de Parintins-AM, com estudantes do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os conceitos espontâneos dos estudantes contribuíram para a compreensão dos conceitos científicos apresentados na roda de conversa. Além dos avanços conceituais, este trabalho reflete sobre o uso de estratégias didáticas que podem incentivar os alunos a pensar e analisar o mundo em que vivem, a fim de entender os problemas em seu cotidiano

A história de exploração da "seringa" (Hevea brasiliensis) e o ensino de ciências no museu do seringal Vila Paraí­so

Experiências de ensino fora do espaço formal quando bem sucedidas trazem excelentes lembranças de aprendizagem para os estudantes. Neste trabalho relatamos a vivência de uma visita realizada ao Museu do Seringal Vila Paraí­so. O objetivo desta experiência foi conhecer a história de exploração da "seringa" (Hevea brasiliensis) e avaliar os ambientes do Museu do Seringal que ofereçam condições para trabalhar aspectos relacionados com o Ensino de Ciências. Participaram da visita 23 estudantes. Foi utilizado um roteiro elaborado pelo professor da disciplina. Foram visitados diferentes ambientes do museu, com ajuda de um guia turí­stico. O lugar é fonte de aprendizado sobre o sistema de exploração da "seringa" , disponibilizando elementos que possibilitam entender sua historia de exploração.Palavras-chave: Hevea brasiliensis, Amazônia, Exploração, Espaços Não Formais.Palavras-chave: Hevea brasiliensis, Amazônia, Exploração, Espaços Não Formais

A LUDICIDADE NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS UTILIZANDO O TEMA DOS QUELÔNIOS EM UMA ESCOLA RIBEIRINHA, PARINTINS-AM, BRASIL

Este estudo traz contribuições acerca de práticas lúdicas usadas no ensino de ciências e a sensibilização ambiental, no qual potencializam o interesse, participação, imaginação e criatividade das crianças. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender como atividades lúdicas contribuem para o ensino de ciência e a sensibilização em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental usando o tema dos quelônios amazônicos. O trabalho foi realizado em uma escola ribeirinha situada no município de Parintins-AM. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, com abordagem fenomenológica. Os sujeitos foram 14 estudantes do 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se as técnicas de observação participante e teatro de máscaras. Foram descritas e interpretadas as falas e expressões dos estudantes. Como resultados, podemos destacar que o teatro de máscaras permitiu às crianças um olhar diferenciado do mundo a sua volta e o compartilhamento de saberes sobre a preservação do quelônio “tracajá” (Podocnemis unifilis). Constatamos que a ludicidade é importante para assimilação de conceitos científicos e a sensibilização dos estudantes sobre os problemas ambientais da comunidade

Genetic Screening of Mutations Associated with Fabry Disease in a Nationwide Cohort of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients

Fabry's disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder associated with an alpha-galactosidase A deficiency. The prevalence of FD among juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients with established diagnosis is unknown, but as musculoskeletal pain may be an important complaint at presentation, misdiagnosed cases are anticipated. With this study, we aim to calculate the frequency of FD-associated mutations in a cohort of JIA patients. Children with JIA from a national cohort were selected. Clinical and laboratorial information was recorded in the Portuguese rheumatic diseases register (http://Reuma.pt). Molecular genetic testing to detectGLAgene mutations was performed. After the multiplex polymerase chain reactions technique for DNA amplification, direct sequencing of the complete sequence ofGLAgene was completed. From a cohort of 292 patients with JIA (188 females, 104 males), mutations were identified in 5 patients (all female). Four patients had the mutation D313Y, a rareGLAvariant, which is associated with low enzymatic levels in plasma, but normal lysosomal levels. One patient presented the missense mutation R118C, which was previously described in Mediterranean patients with FD. This is the first screening of FD mutations in a cohort of JIA patients. No "classic" pathogenic FD mutations were reported. The late-onset FD-associated mutation, R118C, was found in a frequency of 0.34% (1/292).publishersversionpublishe

Occupational Therapy intervention in the training of activities of daily living with patients affected by COVID-19 in inpatient units of a university hospital

Introduction: COVID-19 causes multisystemic compromises, resulting in functional impairments, mainly related to the Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Therefore, the occupational therapist is one of the professionals needed to favor the rehabilitation process. Objective: To analyze the proportion of ADLs training and the main activities that were trained with patients with COVID-19. Method: This is a documental study developed in a teaching hospital in the southeast region of Brazil. Occupational therapy records were analyzed in electronic medical records of patients admitted to COVID-19 infirmaries between June 2020 and January 2021. Results: The prevalence of occupational therapy attendances was 53.1%. The patients who were prioritized were those restricted to bed, with worse functionality and longer hospital stay. In all, 413 attendances were performed; the average per patient was three, the minimum was one, and the maximum was 15. The proportion of ADLs training was 76.9%. The most trained activities in the infirmaries by the occupational therapy team were feeding (96.8%), personal hygiene (93.9%), and functional mobility (59.8%). Conclusion: The development of this study promoted the discussion of the careful multidimensional analysis performed by occupational therapists to carry out ADLs training with patients diagnosed with Covid-19 hospitalized in wards. Furthermore, it brought important results related to the profile of the patients seen, the proportions of interventions aimed at ADLs training and the elements that guided this practice

Nano silver vanadate AgVO3: Synthesis, new functionalities and applications

CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOSilver vanadates have been widely investigated because of their many interesting properties and their potential use in several applications. In addition to this, a large number of groups have investigated silver vanadates in the form of nanostructures. He187973985CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOSEM INFORMAÇÃOThe authors thank the National Council for Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), the Laboratory of Synthesis of Nanostructures and Interaction with Biosystems (NanoBioss), and the National Institute of Science Technology and Innovation in Comp

Gastroesophageal Intussusception in Canine

Background: Gastroesophageal intussusception is characterized by the invagination of the stomach into the esophagus, with or without the involvementof adjacent organs such as the spleen, pancreas, and omentum. In dogs, this condition has no breed or sex predisposition. As it is an infrequent disease in routine veterinary medical practice, this study reports a case of gastroesophageal intussusception in a dog necropsied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.Case: The body of a 12-year-old black mixed breed male dog was sent to the Pathology Department (Necropsy Sector of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE) for a necropsy. The animal had a previous 4-year history of recurrent emesis and limb weakness, primarily in the anterior limbs, that worsened in the previous months and progressed to death. No previous treatments were reported by the owner. On external examination, the animal had a low body score (cachectic), forelimb joints with great flexibility, congested oral and ocular mucous membranes, enophthalmos, and increased volume in the perianal region. At the opening of the thoracic cavity, the final third of the esophagus was dilated and gastroesophageal intussusception, edema, and pulmonary congestion were noted. In the abdominal cavity, there was hepatic and renal congestion and large intestine and rectal ampoule dilation, with a large amount of solid and retained feces (fecaloma), perianal hernia, and testicular neoformation. These findings were consistent with those observed in death caused by cardiorespiratory failure secondary to gastroesophageal intussusception.Discussion: The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal intussusception is still not elucidated and is probably multifactorial. This condition causes reverse gastric peristalsis associated with a sudden and sustained increase in abdominal pressure. Some probable predisposing factors for this pathological condition are esophageal motility disorders, lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction, and hiatal enlargement. In dogs, gastroesophageal intussusception is associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure owing to emesis or blunt trauma, negative intrathoracic pressure caused by respiratory, and previous esophageal diseases, especially megaesophagus. Partial or total obstruction caused by intussusception leads to circulatory disorders in the organs, especially decreased venous return. Persistence of this condition can lead to gastric necrosis and rupture followed by endotoxic (or septic) shock and release of inflammatory mediators that can cause cardiovascular and respiratory dysfunction and rapid death. Impaired circulation is macroscopically evident in several organs, characterized by mucosal, lung, liver, and kidney congestion, in addition to cardiac dilation and mitral valve endocardiosis. The occurrence of stomach invagination into the esophagus dilated in the final portion is characteristic of gastroesophageal intussusception. Moreover, death owing to cardiorespiratory failure is related to cardiac (dilatation and endocardiosis) and pulmonary (edema and congestion) involvement secondary to gastroesophageal intussusception. Since thispotentially fatal condition has a low incidence in small animals and often goes unnoticed by professionals, early and correct diagnosis along with surgical treatment are essential for a good prognosis and favorable progression

Effect of slaughter weight on the quality of Nile tilapia fillets

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of slaughter weight on the expression of calpastatin, mcalpain and the RyR3 gene, and on the chemical composition, morphometric measurements, fillet yield and sensorial characteristics of Nile tilapia fillets. In the experiment, 90 Nile tilapia were divided into three experimental treatments regarding slaughter weight (n = 30): in treatment 1, tilapia aged 140 days were slaughtered with an average body weight of 665 ± 85 g; in treatment 2, the animals were slaughtered at 182 days and weighed 1000 ± 177 g; and in treatment 3, they were slaughtered at 238 days and weighed 1325 ± 167 g. There was no significant difference (P > .05) between the treatments for the chemical composition and fillet yield. Fillets of tilapia slaughtered with a weight of 665 g presented higher expression of mcalpain and lower expression of calpastatin gene, lower pH values of the thawed fillet, lower drip and thawing loss, and lower shear force than animals slaughtered with the highest evaluated weight. Tilapias slaughtered at 665 g also presented higher flavor and general acceptance. These results show that slaughter weight may influence important aspects of the quality of Nile tilapia fillets and that the slaughter of Nile tilapia with a body weight of 665 g allows fillets that serve the consumer market to be obtained.This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq, Brazil. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

a Portuguese and Brazilian collaborative analysis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and disease activity in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Patients with JIA, aged ≤18 years, registered at the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Register (Reuma.pt) in Portugal and Brazil were included. Age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were calculated based on WHO growth standard charts and categorized into underweight (P 97). Disease activity was assessed by Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-27). Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 275 patients were included. The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity was 6.9%, 67.3%, 15.3% and 10.5%, respectively. Underweight patients had significantly higher number of active joints (p <0.001), patient's/parent's global assessment of disease activity (PGA) (p=0.020), physician's global assessment of disease activity (PhGA) (p <0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p=0.032) and overall higher JADAS-27 (p <0.001), compared to patients with normal weight, overweight and obesity. In the multivariate regression, underweight persisted significantly associated with higher disease activity, compared to normal weight (B=-9.430, p <0.001), overweight (B=-9.295, p=0.001) and obesity (B=-9.120, p=0.001), when adjusted for age, gender, country, ethnicity, JIA category and therapies used. The diagnosis of RF- (B=3.653, p=0.006) or RF+ polyarticular JIA (B=5.287, p=0.024), the absence of DMARD therapy (B=5.542, p <0.001) and the use of oral GC (B=4.984, p=0.002) were also associated with higher JADAS-27. CONCLUSION: We found an independent association between underweight and higher disease activity in patients with JIA. Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of this association.publishersversionpublishe