Nonintegrability, Chaos, and Complexity

Two-dimensional driven dissipative flows are generally integrable via a conservation law that is singular at equilibria. Nonintegrable dynamical systems are confined to n*3 dimensions. Even driven-dissipative deterministic dynamical systems that are critical, chaotic or complex have n-1 local time-independent conservation laws that can be used to simplify the geometric picture of the flow over as many consecutive time intervals as one likes. Those conserevation laws generally have either branch cuts, phase singularities, or both. The consequence of the existence of singular conservation laws for experimental data analysis, and also for the search for scale-invariant critical states via uncontrolled approximations in deterministic dynamical systems, is discussed. Finally, the expectation of ubiquity of scaling laws and universality classes in dynamics is contrasted with the possibility that the most interesting dynamics in nature may be nonscaling, nonuniversal, and to some degree computationally complex

Are galaxy distributions scale invariant? A perspective from dynamical systems theory

Unless there is evidence for fractal scaling with a single exponent over distances .1 <= r <= 100 h^-1 Mpc then the widely accepted notion of scale invariance of the correlation integral for .1 <= r <= 10 h^-1 Mpc must be questioned. The attempt to extract a scaling exponent \nu from the correlation integral n(r) by plotting log(n(r)) vs. log(r) is unreliable unless the underlying point set is approximately monofractal. The extraction of a spectrum of generalized dimensions \nu_q from a plot of the correlation integral generating function G_n(q) by a similar procedure is probably an indication that G_n(q) does not scale at all. We explain these assertions after defining the term multifractal, mutually--inconsistent definitions having been confused together in the cosmology literature. Part of this confusion is traced to a misleading speculation made earlier in the dynamical systems theory literature, while other errors follow from confusing together entirely different definitions of ``multifractal'' from two different schools of thought. Most important are serious errors in data analysis that follow from taking for granted a largest term approximation that is inevitably advertised in the literature on both fractals and dynamical systems theory.Comment: 39 pages, Latex with 17 eps-files, using epsf.sty and a4wide.sty (included) <[email protected]

Burn, Witch, Burn: The Stereotype of the Witch in American Horror Story, Coven

Los procesos de Salem, en 1692, fueron uno de los eventos de mayor relevancia en la historia de los Estados Unidos, y su importancia ha permeado nuestra cultura actual. Uno de los elementos clave es el estereotipo de la bruja de principios del período moderno, que se creó durante la caza de brujas en Europa. El presente Trabajo de fin de Grado pretende analizar la forma en la que se ha tratado el estereotipo de la bruja en la serie American Horror Story, Coven. Para esto, se analizará a las brujas representadas en la serie de acuerdo con una serie de rasgos. Los resultados buscan establecer si estos personajes son más o menos estereotípicos, teniendo en cuenta la relevancia de su final en la serie.The Salem Witch Trials, which took place in 1692, were one of the most important events in American History, and its relevance has leaked onto our nowadays culture. One of the key elements is the stereotype of the early-modern witch, which originated during the witch hunts in Europe. The present dissertation aims at analysing the way in which the stereotype of the witch has been treated in American Horror Story, Coven. In order to do this, the different witches portrayed in the series will be analysed according to a series of traits. Results intend to offer an insight onto whether these characters are more or less stereotypical, also studying the relevance of their outcome.Departamento de Filología InglesaGrado en Estudios Inglese

Balancing the energy trilemma through the Energy Justice Metric

Energy justice is a fast emerging research and policy tool which captures the injustices across the energy life-cycle, i.e., from ‘cradle-to-grave’. The Energy Justice Metric (EJM) quantifies energy justice through analyzing the energy justice performance of different countries utilising data from international institutions and national governments. This paper identifies why there is a need for a modeling tool such as the EJM which focuses on the full energy life-cycle and also has a distributive (inequality-correcting) oriented approach. The EJM demonstrates how a country can achieve an improved balance between the three competing aims of the energy trilemma, i.e. economics, politics and the environment. A key feature of the EJM is modeling energy justice using a ternary plot where the energy justice performance of a country can be transferred directly onto the energy trilemma. In this paper, five countries are analysed, the US, UK, Germany, Denmark and Ireland. The EJM presents a research and policy decision-making tool that can contribute to the growing literature that tackles the issue of inequality in society, and informs on society’s decision on which energy source would be more just for a society to build.PostprintPeer reviewe

Simulation of Water Cerenkov Detectors Using {\sc geant4}

We present a detailed simulation of the performance of water Cerenkov detectors suitable for use in the Pierre Auger Observatory. Using {\sc geant4}, a flexible object-oriented simulation program, including all known physics processes, has been developed. The program also allows interactive visualization, and can easily be modified for any experimental setup.Comment: Talk to be presented at the XI Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interaction

Pricing European Options with a Log Student's t-Distribution: a Gosset Formula

The distribution of the returns for a stock are not well described by a normal probability density function (pdf). Student's t-distributions, which have fat tails, are known to fit the distributions of the returns. We present pricing of European call or put options using a log Student's t-distribution, which we call a Gosset approach in honour of W.S. Gosset, the author behind the nom de plume Student. The approach that we present can be used to price European options using other distributions and yields the Black-Scholes formula for returns described by a normal pdf.Comment: 12 journal pages, 9 figures and 3 tables (Submitted to Physica A

ERTEs suspensivos por fuerza mayor

Los ERTEs (Expedientes de Regulación Temporal del Empleo)suspensivos por fuerza mayor son un mecanismo de flexibilidad interna que permite a los empleadores suspender temporalmente contratos de trabajo ante situaciones de fuerza mayor, la cual se caracteriza por ser impredecible e inevitable y por escapar a la esfera de control y voluntad del empresario. Procedimentalmente, estos ERTEs se caracterizan por la falta de un período de consultas, justificada por la intervención de la autoridad laboral destinada a constatar la existencia de fuerza mayor. Además, los ERTEs por fuerza mayor han sido una herramienta esencial en la protección del empleo durante la pandemia de COVID-19, debido a la paralización masiva de actividad empresarial que esta ha provocado. Esto ha supuesto un gran número de reformas normativas en 2020 y 2021 por la vía de Reales Decretos-leyes, normativa que se analiza en este trabajo.Force majeure (or overwhelming force) suspensive RTERs (Record of Temporary Employment Regulation) are an internal flexibility mechanism that allows employers to temporarily suspend working contracts in the face of overwhelming force or force majeure, which is defined as unpredictable and inevitable, and escapes the employer’s control and his will. Procedurally, these records are characterized by the lack of a negotiation phase, which is justified by the intervention of the Labor Authority, destined to verify the existence of a force majeure situation. In addition to this, force majeure RTERs have been an essential tool in protecting employment during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the massive stoppage in businesses. This has provoked a considerable number of regulatory reforms in 2020 and 2021, through the use of Royal Decree laws, which are studied in this essay.Departamento de Derecho Mercantil, Derecho del Trabajo e Internacional PrivadoGrado en Derech

Graded readers as a tool for teaching EFL: A comparative analysis on Frankenstein

Graded readers are an effective tool in EFL learning, and their use is widespread nowadays. The present dissertation aims at analysing two adaptations of Mary Shelley’s 1831 version of Frankenstein, in order to determine whether a higher or lower degree of simplification would be more exploitable for both teachers and students. In order to do this, we have established an analysis method, which can be taken as a reference method for teachers when analysing this type of materials. Results intend to show which reader is better for an EFL student. Finally, we have created a didactic proposal to put into practice with the best reader.Las lecturas graduadas son una herramienta efectiva en la enseñanza del inglés como una lengua extranjera, cuyo uso hoy día está muy extendido. El presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster pretende analizar dos adaptaciones de la versión de 1831 de Mary Shelley de Frankenstein, con el propósito de determinar si el hecho de que una obra esté más o menos simplificada hace que tanto profesores y alumnos puedan sacarle un mayor partido. Para esto, hemos establecido un método de análisis, que puede servir como un método de referencia para profesores a la hora de analizar este tipo de materiales. Los resultados buscan establecer cuál de las dos lecturas graduadas es mejor para un estudiante de inglés como lengua extranjera. Finalmente, hemos creado una propuesta didáctica para aplicarla con dicha lectura.Departamento de Filología InglesaMáster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idioma

Casimir micro-sphere diclusters and three-body effects in fluids

Our previous article [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 060401 (2010)] predicted that Casimir forces induced by the material-dispersion properties of certain dielectrics can give rise to stable configurations of objects. This phenomenon was illustrated via a dicluster configuration of non-touching objects consisting of two spheres immersed in a fluid and suspended against gravity above a plate. Here, we examine these predictions from the perspective of a practical experiment and consider the influence of non-additive, three-body, and nonzero-temperature effects on the stability of the two spheres. We conclude that the presence of Brownian motion reduces the set of experimentally realizable silicon/teflon spherical diclusters to those consisting of layered micro-spheres, such as the hollow- core (spherical shells) considered here.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure