1,881 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
âThis time itâs differentâ . . . and why it matters: the shifting geographies of money, finance and risks
Recommended from our members
Offshoring the Nation's water
When the ten regional water authorities in England and Wales were floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1989, a shift in ownership inevitably followed from the privatization of household water. The public listing of shares in water companies initially created a wide distribution of ownership across the UK population, with preference given to those who paid the water bills. Controls were put in place to ensure that no one individual or company could monopolize the shareholdings, with the UK government retaining a âgolden shareâ precisely to avoid such an outcome. Once those shares were relinquished by the government in 1994, however, the ownership of the nationâs water started to shift abroad, with foreign investors largely attracted by the low risk, stable returns on offer. Some two decades on, with seven of the ten water authorities now in foreign ownership, the contrast from the idea of a British shareholding public that drove the early UK privatisations could not be greater
The Moral Economy and Research on Projects: neglect and relevance to social capital and competencies
This paper makes a theoretical contribution to the understanding of management and of projects. The paper adopts an analysis of the moral economy, which poses a conceptual challenge to the way in which management generally, and specifically concerning projects, is understood. The paper also poses an indirect methodological challenge, particularly to positivism, empiricism and some interpretative analysis.Project management and the management of projects have tended to focus upon task and function respectively, which has relegated or excluded the role of morality in relationships in both research and practice. A similar position is adopted in economics with a focus upon closed systems. The combined result is an exclusion of the moral economy. This paper argues for a theoretical reappraisal of management generally, and specifically with regard to projects, to include the moral economy. The moral economy is not only foundational to the operation of the market economy, but also contributes to its performance.The conclusion summaries the main points and makes recommendations concerning theoretical development, methodology and practice
Beyond Paris: 11 innovations in aid effectiveness
The current framework for improving aid effectiveness, the 'Paris' agenda of harmonisation and alignment, has been found lacking. Alternatives are needed. This paper highlights some examples of recent innovations in the management and delivery of development aid. Drawing upon Barder (2009) and Howes (2011), the paper structures 11 innovations into three categories: improving the quality of the aid donor; improving the quality of the aid recipient; and improving how donors interact and the way aid is given. By examining these 11 innovations, the paper shows that aid agencies have the potential to adapt and evolve. The challenge for donors is to start selecting good ideas for implementation now and to never stop searching for new innovations to improve aid effectiveness.aid
Australian aid to Afghanistan: submission to the foreign affairs, defence and trade reference committee
This submission is written by Professor Stephen Howes, Director of the Development Policy Centre and Mr Jonathan Pryke a researcher at the Centre. Professor Howes has twenty-five years of experience working in and on aid and development in the AsiaPacific region. Formerly Lead Economist for India with the World Bank and Chief Economist with AusAID, he was a lead author of the Core Group Report on Aid Effectiveness (2006), the review of Australian aid to PNG (2010) and the Independent Review of Aid Effectiveness (2012). He currently serves on the Board of CARE Australia. Jonathan Pryke graduated from the ANU in 2011 with a Masters in Public Policy and Masters in Diplomacy. Ms Alicia Mollaun also contributed to this submission via the provision of a literature survey. Ms Mollaun is a PhD student at the Crawford School working on American aid to Pakistan. She has worked for the Australian Government with PM&C and DFAT, and is currently on leave from DFAT
CMB E/B decomposition of incomplete sky: a pixel space approach
CMB polarization signal may be decomposed into gradient-like (E) and
curl-like (B) mode. We have investigated E/B decomposition in pixel space. We
find E/B mixing due to incomplete sky is localized in pixel-space, and
negligible in the regions far away from the masked area. By estimating the
expected local leakage power, we have diagnosed ambiguous pixels. Our criteria
for ambiguous pixels (i.e. r_c) is associated with the tensor-to-scalar ratio
of B mode power spectrum, which the leakage power is comparable to. By setting
r_c to a lower value, we may reduce leakage level, but reduce sky fraction at
the same time. Therefore, we have solved \partial \Delta C_l/\partial r_c=0,
and obtained the optimal r_c, which minimizes the estimation uncertainty, given
a foreground mask and noise level. We have applied our method to a simulated
map blocked by a foreground (diffuse + point source) mask. Our simulation shows
leakage power is smaller than primordial (i.e. unlensed) B mode power spectrum
of tensor-to-scalar ratio r\sim 10^{-3} at wide range of multipoles (50\lesssim
l \lesssim 2000), while allowing us to retain sky fraction ~ 0.48.Comment: v2: the point of the method strengthened, v3: criteria for ambiguous
pixels rigorously derived, v4: matched with the accepted version in A&A
(minor change), v5: typos correcte
China is not conducting debt trap diplomacy in the Pacificâat least not yet
For more about the East-West Center, see http://www.eastwestcenter.org/A close look at the evidence suggests that China has not been engaged in "debt-trap diplomacy" in the Pacific, at least not so far. Nonetheless, if future Chinese lending continues on a business-as-usual basis, serious problems of debt sustainability will arise, and concerns about quality and corruption are valid
A Comparative Study of the Depth of Maximum of Simulated Air Shower Longitudinal Profiles
A comparative study of simulated air shower longitudinal profiles is
presented. An appropriate thinning level for the calculations is first
determined empirically. High statistics results are then provided, over a wide
energy range, (10^14.0 to 10^20.5 eV), for proton & iron primaries, using four
combinations of the MOCCA & CORSIKA program frameworks, and the SIBYLL & QGSJET
high energy hadronic interaction models. These results are compared to existing
experimental data. The way in which the first interaction controls Xmax is
investigated, as is the distribution of Xmax.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by Astroparticle Physics. (Revised
according to referee's comments.
Novel strategies for the construction of cyclic boronate esters and acids & novel aspects of furan chemistry
Methodology studies for cyclic boronate ester synthesis
Figure i: Target molecules (see Abstract in pdf for image)
Structures i,ii,iii represent a general depiction of cyclic boron-containing heterocyles
targeted in this methodology study. These molecules will be made using a range of
new organic pathways. A 1,3 nitrogen-boron relationship in selected structures will
also be investigated due to its importance in pharmaceutical chemistry.
In the pursuit of cyclic boranes a new method for the preparation of unsaturated
ketones has been discovered, which utilises the boron chemistry outlined below.
Figure ii: Reagents and Conditions: (a) tBuLi, B(OIPr)3, Et2O, -79 °C, 20 % (see Abstract in pdf for image)
Novel aspects of furan chemistry
It was found that the furan derivative vii, when treated with palladium salts, gave the
bis-annulated benzene structure viii. This sequence gave rise to a novel method for
the construction of aromatic rings. This reaction was tested on a range of substituted
furans in order to examine the scope of this reaction.
Figure iii: Reagents and Conditions: (a) Pd(OAc)2, K2CO3, MeCN, 80 °C, 25% (see Abstract in pdf for image
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