On the optimality of Treasury bond auctions : the Spanish case

Se analizan las subastas del Tesoro español tanto desde una perspectiva teorica como empirica. En el analisis teorico se presenta un modelo con objeto de estudiar si las subastas de bonos españoles maximizan los ingresos para el vendedor. En el analisis empirico se contrastan las predicciones del modelo teorico y se examinan los determinantes del 'descuento' (diferencial entre el precio del mercado secundario y el de la subasta). (ad

Optimalidad de las subastas de bonos : el caso español

Artículo de revistaEste articulo es un resumen del Documento de Trabajo N. 9905, del Servicio de Estudios del Banco de España. El objetivo es analizar si el tipo de subastas de bonos del Estado utilizado por el Tesoro español maximiza los ingresos esperados por este. Para ello se desarrolla un modelo teorico muy simplificado que recoge las dos peculiaridades mas destacadas de la subasta de bonos española : el mecanismo utilizado y la incertidumbre sobre la cantidad que se va a emitir. Se lleva a cabo un analisis empirico de dichas subastas para el periodo enero 1993 - agosto 1997, a fin de examinar el tamaño, la significatividad y los determinantes del descuento de la subasta. (igg

Las competencias TIC en los estudiantes universitarios de primer ingreso

El continuo desarrollo de la Sociedad del Conocimiento obliga a que las instituciones de educación superior deban preparar a sus profesionales con cada vez mayores competencias en el uso de las TIC aplicadas a diferentes campos de las Ciencias. En este sentido, y para poder adaptar los objetivos de aprendizaje de las asignaturas relacionas con las TIC a las reales necesidades de los estudiantes, es fundamental contar con un diagnóstico inicial de estas competencias de los estudiantes cuando llegan a la universidad. Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue investigar las percepciones que tienen los estudiantes que ingresan a la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo en Ecuador, sobre el manejo de sus competencias TIC. Para esto se diseñó un estudio no experimental de alcance descriptivo, aplicando la técnica de la encuesta con un instrumento previamente diseñado y validado en la Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación de Chile. Los resultados muestran ciertas preferencias de uso de algunas herramientas y recursos web 2.0 tanto para trabajo colaborativo, almacenamiento en la nube, para tomar notas, entre otras. Así como, su auto-percepción sobre el manejo de algunas herramientas tecnológicas

The aetiology of paediatric inflammatory vulvovaginitis

5 p.Vulvovaginitis is the most common gynaecological problem in prepubertal girls and clear-cut data on the microbial aetiology of moderate to severe infections are lacking. Many microorganisms have been reported in several studies, but frequently the paediatrician does not know the pathogenic significance of an isolate reported in vaginal specimens of girls with vulvovaginitis. A multicentre study was performed, selecting 74 girls aged 2 to 12 years old with a clinical picture of vulvovaginitis and inflammatory cells on Gram stain. All the specimens were cultured following standard microbiological techniques and the paediatricians completed a questionnaire to highlight risk factors after interviewing the parents or tutors. The data were compared with those obtained in a control group of 11 girls without vulvovaginitis attending a clinic. Streptococcus pyogenesand Haemophilus spp.were isolated in 47 and 12 cases, respectively. Upper respiratory infection in the previous month ( P<0.001) and vulvovaginitis in the previous year ( P<0.05) were identified as significant risk factors. Foreign bodies, sexual abuse, poor hygiene and bad socioeconomic situation were not identified as risk factors for the infection

Bone mineral density, bone remodeling and osteoprotegerin in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Producción CientíficaThe objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between coronary disease and osteoporosis and determine the effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG) on bone remodeling and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eightythree patients (52 males and 31 women) with acute coronary syndrome (75 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 8 with unstable angina) with an average age of 61±10 years were studied. Levels of osteocalcin, urinarydeoxypyridinoline, OPG and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were determined during the hospital stay. Femoral neck, trochanter and lumbar spine densitometry was carried out using a DXA densitometer. Thirty percent of patients presented osteoporosis (39% of females and 26% of males). Osteoporotic patients were older and had a lower weight and height and elevated serum levels of osteocalcin (3.6±2.25 2.63 versus ±1.55, p=0.05). Levels of OPG and RANKL were similar in both groups and showed no relationship with BMD. In conclusion, no relationship was observed between the OPG/RANKL system and BMD in these patients

The impact of inter-clinician electronic consultation in patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation in primary care

Background An early diagnosis and early initiation of oral anticoagulants (OAC) are main determinants for outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Inter-clinician electronic consultations (e-consultations) program for the general practitioner referrals to cardiologist may improve health care access by reducing the elapsed time for cardiology care. Objective To evaluate the effect of a reduced elapsed time to care after a inter-clinician e-consultations program implementation (2013–2019) in comparison with previous in-person consultation (2010–2012) in the outpatient health care management in a Cardiology Department. Methodology We included 10,488 patients with AF from 1 January 2010, to 31 December 2019. Until 2012, all patients attended an in-person consultation (2010–2012). In 2013, we instituted an e-consult program (2013–2019) for all primary care referrals to cardiologists that preceded patient's in-person consultation when considered. The shared electronic patient dossier (EPD) was available between GP and cardiologist, and any change in therapy advice from cardiologist was directly implemented in this EPD. Results During the e-consultation period (2013–2019) were referred 6627 patients by GPs to cardiology versus 3861 during the in-person consultation (2010–2012). The e-consultation implementation was associated with a reduction in the elapsed time to anticoagulation prescription (177.6 ± 8.9 vs. 22.5 ± 8.1 days, p < .001), and an increase of OAC use (61% [95% IC: 19.6%–102.4%], p < .001). The e-consult program implementation was associated with a reduction in the 1-year CV mortality (.48 [95% CI: .30–.75]) and all-cause mortality (.42 [95% CI: .29–.62]). The OAC reduces the stroke mortality (.15 [95% CI: .06–.39]) and CV mortality (.43 [95% CI: .29–.62]) and all-cause mortality (.23 [95% CI: .17–.31]). Conclusion A shared EPD-based inter-clinician e-consultation program significantly reduced the elapsed time for cardiology consultation and initiation of OAC. The implementation of this program was associated with a lower risk of stroke and cardiovascular/all-cause mortalityS

Valor pronóstico de los anticuerpos anti-Chlamydia pneumoniae en la cardiopatía isquémica

Producción CientíficaSe ha relacionado la enfermedad arterial coronaria con infección por Chlamydia pneumoniae, pero existen pocos estudios que valoren la presencia de anticuerpos frente a este microorganismo y el pronóstico de los pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue valorar el impacto de la positividad de anticuerpos anti-Chlamydia pneumoniae en la morbimortalidad asociada a la cardiopatía isquémica

Synthesis and characterization of a Bio-MOF based on mixed adeninate/tricarboxylate ligands and zinc ions

Artículo científicoIn this work, we present a new metal organic framework Zn7(Ad)4(BTC)4(DMF)O·4DMA·3DMF·4H2O which was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions with adenine and trimesic acid (BTC) linkers. The structure was determined by single-crystal (XRD) and the compound was further characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and thermogravimetric analysis. The 3D anionic framework includes adenine present in two-different coordination modes, with dimethylammonium balancing the framework charg