Cartografia do uso atual das terras nas Áreas de Proteção Ambiental de Sousas e Joaquim Egídio, Campinas-SP, Brasil.

Divulga os resultados do levantamento, utilizando sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento, do uso das terras nas APAS de Sousas e Joaquim Egídio, no Município de Campinas-SP

Efecto agudo de moringa oleífera sobre la hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas Wistar

INTRODUCCIÓN: Se han atribuido muchos efectos beneficiosos a la moringa oleífera en varias publicaciones siendo de gran interés su efecto hipoglicemiante por disminución de la absorción intestinal de glucosa, aunque no está definido si su eficacia hipoglicemiante sería igual o mayor a algún hipoglicemiante oral conocido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto agudo de moringa oleífera en hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas Wistar hembras, así como comparar su efecto hipoglicemiante con la metformina. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio experimental, tres grupos de cinco ratas Wistar hembras, con peso de 188 ± 11 gramos. Se realizó la medición de la glucemia basal con glucómetro, después de 12 horas de ayuno, la inicial al principio del experimento, luego fueron tratadas con dexametasona 10 mg/kg/día, subcutánea, durante 10 días y se tomó la glicemia post dexametasona . Los días 11 a 14, recibieron el grupo 1 (suero fisiológico), grupo 2 (moringa oleífera 300 mg/kg/día) y grupo 3 (metformina 14,28 mg/kp/día), por sonda oro gástrica, el día 15 se tomó la glucemia post tratamiento. Se analizó el promedio, desviación estándar y la correlación mediante la prueba la prueba T de Student, se consideró P < a 0,05 como significativa. RESULTADOS: Grupo 1 (control): glucemia inicial (117 ± 21 mg/dl), post- dexametasona (445 ± 260 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (222 ± 5 mg/dL), Grupo 2 (moringa oleífera): glucemia inicial (95±27 mg/dl), post dexametasona (413 ± 184 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (102 ± 18 mg/dl) y del Grupo 3 (metformina): glucemia inicial (110 ± 5 mg/dl), post-dexametasona (470 ± 146 mg/dl) y post tratamiento (88 ± 11 mg/dL). La glucemia pos tratamiento mostró diferencias entre el grupo 1 y 2 (p < 0,0001), entre el grupo 1 y 3 (p < 0,0001) no hallándose diferencias entre los grupos moringa oleífera y metformina (p = 0,1). DISCUSIÓN: la moringa oleífera disminuye en forma aguda la hiperglucemia inducida por dexametasona en ratas hembras Wistar, con la misma eficacia que la metformin

MetroCrops

MetroCrops is an urban high density indoor farm located in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The owner of MetroCrops, Steve Domyan, developed specific technology using a combination of LED lights and nutrients to grow high quality salad greens that can be harvested quickly, easily, and cleanly. These greens are capable of staying fresh for up to three weeks and deliver more nutrients than your average salad greens. The problems that MetroCrops faced was, how to go about promoting their innovative product, how to better utilize the wasted space in their facility, and how to make the company more sustainable. These problems became our challenge and the basis of our research

A cross-sectional comparative study of gut bacterial community of Indian and Finnish children

The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the compositional development of gut microbiota. Though well documented in western pediatrics population, little is known about how various host conditions affect populations in different geographic locations such as the Indian subcontinent. Given the impact of distinct environmental conditions, our study assess the gut bacterial diversity of a small cohort of Indian and Finnish children and investigated the influence of FUT2 secretor status and birth mode on the gut microbiome of these populations. Using multiple profiling techniques, we show that the gut bacterial community structure in 13-14-year-old Indian (n = 47) and Finnish (n = 52) children differs significantly. Specifically, Finnish children possessed higher Blautia and Bifidobacterium, while genera Prevotella and Megasphaera were predominant in Indian children. Our study also demonstrates a strong influence of FUT2 and birth mode variants on specific gut bacterial taxa, influence of which was noticed to differ between the two populations under study

Effects of an Early Handling-Like Procedure and Individual Housing on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult C57BL/6J and DBA/2J Mice

Manipulations of rearing conditions have been used to examine the effects of early experience on adult behavior with varying results. Evidence suggests that postnatal days (PND) 15–21 are a time of particular susceptibility to environmental influences on anxiety-like behavior in mice. To examine this, we subjected C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice to an early handling-like procedure. Pups were separated from dams from PND 12–20 for 30 minutes daily or received standard care. On PND 21, pups were weaned and either individually- or group- housed. On PND 60, anxiety-like behavior was examined on the elevated zero-maze. Although individually- housed animals took longer to enter an open quadrant of the maze, they spent more time in the open than group-housed animals. Additionally, we observed a trend of reduced anxiety-like behavior in C57BL/6J, but not DBA/2J mice that underwent the handling-like procedure

Bacterial 16S rRNA/rDNA Profiling in the Liquid Phase of Human Saliva

Human saliva can be separated by centrifugation into cell pellet and cell-free supernatant, which are called cellular phase and liquid phase in this study. While it is well documented that the cellular phase of saliva contains hundreds of oral bacteria species, little is known whether the liquid phase of saliva contains any information related to oral microbiota. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial nucleic acid contents of the liquid phase of saliva. Using primers universal to most eubacterial 16S rDNA, we detected large amounts of bacterial 16S rRNA and rDNA in the cell-free phase of saliva. Random sequencing analysis of forty PCR amplicons from the cell-free phase of saliva led to 15 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) groups. Furthermore, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), we compared 16S rRNA/rDNA profiles derived from liquid phases and cellular phases of saliva samples, and found positive correlations (Pearson Correlation=0.822, P<0.001) between these sample groups. These findings indicate that the liquid phase of saliva contains numerous bacterial 16S rRNA/rDNA molecules that have correlations with bacteria existing in the cellular phase

Drawings of very preterm-born children at 5 years of age: a first impression of cognitive and motor development?

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to examine differences in drawing skills between very preterm and term children, and to determine whether very preterm children's cognitive and motor development is reflected in the draw-a-person test (DAP) at age 5. Seventy-two very preterm children (birth weight <1,500 g and/or gestational age <32 weeks) and 60 term children at 5 years of age were compared on the DAP. Cognitive and motor skills of the very preterm children had been assessed four times, at 1/2, 1, 2, and 5 years of age. Very preterm children showed a developmental delay in drawing ability. Structural equation modeling revealed a positive relation between both cognitive as well as motor development and the DAP. CONCLUSION: The DAP could be a crude parameter for evaluating cognitive and motor deficits of very preterm children. A worrisome result should be followed by more standardized tests measuring cognitive and motor skill

International longitudinal registry of patients with atrial fibrillation and treated with rivaroxaban: RIVaroxaban Evaluation in Real life setting (RIVER)

Background Real-world data on non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are essential in determining whether evidence from randomised controlled clinical trials translate into meaningful clinical benefits for patients in everyday practice. RIVER (RIVaroxaban Evaluation in Real life setting) is an ongoing international, prospective registry of patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and at least one investigator-determined risk factor for stroke who received rivaroxaban as an initial treatment for the prevention of thromboembolic stroke. The aim of this paper is to describe the design of the RIVER registry and baseline characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed NVAF who received rivaroxaban as an initial treatment. Methods and results Between January 2014 and June 2017, RIVER investigators recruited 5072 patients at 309 centres in 17 countries. The aim was to enroll consecutive patients at sites where rivaroxaban was already routinely prescribed for stroke prevention. Each patient is being followed up prospectively for a minimum of 2-years. The registry will capture data on the rate and nature of all thromboembolic events (stroke / systemic embolism), bleeding complications, all-cause mortality and other major cardiovascular events as they occur. Data quality is assured through a combination of remote electronic monitoring and onsite monitoring (including source data verification in 10% of cases). Patients were mostly enrolled by cardiologists (n = 3776, 74.6%), by internal medicine specialists 14.2% (n = 718) and by primary care/general practice physicians 8.2% (n = 417). The mean (SD) age of the population was 69.5 (11.0) years, 44.3% were women. Mean (SD) CHADS2 score was 1.9 (1.2) and CHA2DS2-VASc scores was 3.2 (1.6). Almost all patients (98.5%) were prescribed with once daily dose of rivaroxaban, most commonly 20 mg (76.5%) and 15 mg (20.0%) as their initial treatment; 17.9% of patients received concomitant antiplatelet therapy. Most patients enrolled in RIVER met the recommended threshold for AC therapy (86.6% for 2012 ESC Guidelines, and 79.8% of patients according to 2016 ESC Guidelines). Conclusions The RIVER prospective registry will expand our knowledge of how rivaroxaban is prescribed in everyday practice and whether evidence from clinical trials can be translated to the broader cross-section of patients in the real world

Ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel patients exhibit distinct abnormalities of the gut microbiota

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous studies suggest a link between gut microbiota and the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Our aim was to investigate any quantitative differences in faecal bacterial compositions in UC and IBS patients compared to healthy controls, and to identify individual bacterial species that contribute to these differences.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Faecal microbiota of 13 UC patients, 11 IBS patients and 22 healthy volunteers were analysed by PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) using universal and Bacteroides specific primers. The data obtained were normalized using in-house developed statistical method and interrogated by multivariate approaches. The differentiated bands were excised and identified by sequencing the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Band profiles revealed that number of predominant faecal bacteria were significantly different between UC, IBS and control group (p < 10^-4). By assessing the mean band numbers in UC (37 ± 5) and IBS (39 ± 6), compared to the controls (45 ± 3), a significant decrease in bacterial species is suggested (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences between IBS and UC. Biodiversity of the bacterial species was significantly lower in UC (μ = 2.94, σ = 0.29) and IBS patients (μ = 2.90, σ = 0.38) than controls (μ = 3.25, σ = 0.16; p = 0.01). Moreover, similarity indices revealed greater biological variability of predominant bacteria in UC and IBS compared to the controls (median Dice coefficients 76.1% (IQR 70.9 - 83.1), 73.8% (IQR 67.0 - 77.5) and 82.9% (IQR 79.1 - 86.7) respectively). DNA sequencing of discriminating bands suggest that the presence of <it>Bacteroides vulgatus, B. ovatus, B. uniformis</it>, and <it>Parabacteroides sp</it>. in healthy volunteers distinguishes them from IBS and UC patients. DGGE profiles of Bacteroides species revealed a decrease of Bacteroides community in UC relative to IBS and controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Molecular profiling of faecal bacteria revealed abnormalities of intestinal microbiota in UC and IBS patients, while different patterns of Bacteroides species loss in particular, were associated with UC and IBS.</p