Tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap jual beli as-salam (studi kasus pengrajin sangkar burung di Desa Kebonbatur Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak)

penelitian dari studi kasus lapangan yang dilakukan untuk menjawab permasalahan bagaimana penerapan jual beli As-salam pada kerajinan sangkar burung yang merupakan salah satu usaha kecil yang berkembang di daerah Kebonbatur.Kerjasama yang terjadi pada pengrajin sangkar burung di desa Kebonbatur kec. Mranggen kab. Demak adalah kerjasama antara pengusaha dengan pengrajin sangkarburung.Modal yang diberikan kepada pengrajin sangkar burung adalah berupa uang, di sini pengusaha memberikan modal di muka kepada pengrajin sangkar burung secara tunai sebelum pekerjaan diselesaikan. Dalam kontrak kerja antara pengusaha dan pengrajin sangkar burung tidak boleh bekerjasama dengan yang lain selama masih terrikat kerja dengannya. Melihat fenomena ini penulis tertarik untuk menelitinya yangmengacu pada pokok masalahnya sebagai berikut: Bagaimana pelaksanaan jual beli pesanan yang diterapkan pada pengrajin sangkar burung di Desa Kebonbatur Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak? Dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pemberian upah sebelum pekerjaan diselesaikan pada pengrajin sangkar burung di Desa Kebonbatur Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak? Dalam penelitian ini, jenis penelitiannya adalah field research dan metodepengumpulan datanya adalah dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Sedangkan metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode diskriptif analisis. Hasilpenelitianmenghasilkanduakesimpulan.Pertama, Jual beli as-salam yang dilakukan pengusaha terhadap pengrajin sangkar burung tidak sesuai karena dirasa pengusaha telah melakukan penyempitan dalam artian tidak memberikan kebebasan dalam berusaha dan mengandung unsur eksploitasi.Tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap jual beli as-salam ini rukun dan syarat tidak terpenuhi, oleh karena itu sistem pesanan ini akadnya adalah rusak atau fasid menurut hukum Islam

ANALISIS NORMATIF UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO (LKM) ATAS STATUS BADAN HUKUM DAN PENGAWASAN BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT)

Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) has been growing rapidly in Indonesia from year to year. However, its development has still not been followed by the legal rules. Some of them follow the legal system of Cooperatives, that are Act No. 25 of 1992 and Decree of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs, No. 91 /KEP/M.KUKM/IX/2004 about the Implementation Guidelines for Cooperative Operations of Islamic Financial Services (KJKS). However, after Act No. 1 of 2013 about Micro-finance Institutions had been issued, the legal institutional status of BMT and its supervision has become a problem for the existence of BMT. Therefore, this study met the issues of how the legal status and supervision of BMT before and after the issued Act No. 1 of 2013 about micro-finance institutions.This study was an empirical law rechtdogmatik against Act No. 1 of 2013 about Micro-finance Institutions. It used primary legal materials, namely the Micro-finance Institutions Act; the result of interviews; and documentation that were analyzed qualitatively.The result analysis showed that before the Law of Microfinance Institutions was issued, there were 3 groups of BMT, namely: BMT with the Cooperative legal entity and being supervised by the State Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs; BMT that were formed under the foundations legal entity; and BMT that were formed under Non Governmental Organisation. However, after Act No. 1 of 2013 had been issued, Microfinance Institutions should only have legal status, either as a cooperative or an incorporated company (PT). In addition, the supervision should be conducted by the Financial Services Authority of Indonesia (OJK) coordinated with both the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, and the Ministry of Home Affairs. Nevertheless, the competence of supervision has still not been clearly regulated in the Microfinance Institutions Act, because the new law might effectively run two years after being enacted while the implemention is also still not regulated yet.Thus, it should be recommended to make clear implementation rules in the legal status of Microfinance Institutions, especially for those not have legal entities as well as those should transform. Similarly, in terms of supervision, there should be a clear competence of supervision performed by the FSA and the two mentioned Ministry above. So, there might not be either overlapping or loose supervision

ANALISIS NORMATIF UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 1 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO (LKM) ATAS STATUS BADAN HUKUM DAN PENGAWASAN BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT)

Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) has been growing rapidly in Indonesia from year to year. However, its development has still not been followed by the legal rules. Some of them follow the legal system of Cooperatives, that are Act No. 25 of 1992 and Decree of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs, No. 91 /KEP/M.KUKM/IX/2004 about the Implementation Guidelines for Cooperative Operations of Islamic Financial Services (KJKS). However, after Act No. 1 of 2013 about Micro-finance Institutions had been issued, the legal institutional status of BMT and its supervision has become a problem for the existence of BMT. Therefore, this study met the issues of how the legal status and supervision of BMT before and after the issued Act No. 1 of 2013 about micro-finance institutions.This study was an empirical law rechtdogmatik against Act No. 1 of 2013 about Micro-finance Institutions. It used primary legal materials, namely the Micro-finance Institutions Act; the result of interviews; and documentation that were analyzed qualitatively.The result analysis showed that before the Law of Microfinance Institutions was issued, there were 3 groups of BMT, namely: BMT with the Cooperative legal entity and being supervised by the State Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs; BMT that were formed under the foundations legal entity; and BMT that were formed under Non Governmental Organisation. However, after Act No. 1 of 2013 had been issued, Microfinance Institutions should only have legal status, either as a cooperative or an incorporated company (PT). In addition, the supervision should be conducted by the Financial Services Authority of Indonesia (OJK) coordinated with both the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, and the Ministry of Home Affairs. Nevertheless, the competence of supervision has still not been clearly regulated in the Microfinance Institutions Act, because the new law might effectively run two years after being enacted while the implemention is also still not regulated yet.Thus, it should be recommended to make clear implementation rules in the legal status of Microfinance Institutions, especially for those not have legal entities as well as those should transform. Similarly, in terms of supervision, there should be a clear competence of supervision performed by the FSA and the two mentioned Ministry above. So, there might not be either overlapping or loose supervision

DIALEKTIKA PLURALISME HUKUM: Upaya Penyelesaian Masalah Ancaman Keberagaman dan Keberagamaan di Indonesia

Conflict resolution on SARA requires pluralistic approaches. Hence, the presence of legal pluralism becomes a new approach to resolve the problem. This study is a qualitative research that convey three dimensions of legal pluralism, namely natural law, state law and society law. The study used secondary data, with primary and secondary legal materials obtained by documentation resources. Data were analyzed inductively, used the contemporary theories to produce more conceptual and general propositions for conclusions and recommendations. The result shows that there have been 8 cases on SARA conflict in Indonesia during the last three years. To solve these problems, religious leaders can use natural law approach to re-internalize religious values and tolerance. In addition, the government also should understand that those conflicts were a form of society law owing to discreditable law society and religious diversity. Therefore, non penal policy with persuasive appeals is needed to reduce the problems. However, penal policy through law enforcement should also be implemented as a form of state positivism law. In other words, state positivism law should go hand in hand with natural law and society law in order to reach the best decision based on moral and religious ethics as well as social values.***Penyelesaian konflik SARA membutuhkan pendekatan-pendekatan yang plural. Oleh karena itu pluralisme hukum hadir sebagai pendekatan baru untuk menyelesaikan tersebut Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan tradisi kualitatif yang berusaha mendialektikakan 3 dimensi dari legal pluralism, yaitu natural law, state law dan law society. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder, dengan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dengan teknik dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara induktif dengan menggunakan teori-teori yang ada untuk mem­produksi suatu proposisi yang umum, sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan dan rekomendasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi 8 konflik SARA di Indonesia dalam 3 tahun terakhir. Untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut, para pemuka agama menggunakan pendekatan natural law untuk reinternaliasasi nilai-nilai keluhuran atas agama dan toleransi. Pemerintah seharusnya me­mahami bahwa konflik tersebut adalah bentuk society law karena tercederainya keragaman dan keberagamaan. Perlu kebijakan non penal dengan seruan-seruan persuasif agar persoalan serupa tidak lagi terjadi. Di sisi lain, kebijakan penal melalui penegakan hukum juga harus dilakukan, sebagai bentuk state positivism law. State positivism law harus mampu menggandeng natural law dan law society, agar diperoleh putusan terbaik yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai moral ethic religion dan nilai-nilai sosial kemasyarakatan

ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA TERBATAS (PTMT) PADA ERA NEW NORMAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the Government of Indonesia made the policy described in circular No. 4 of 2020 on the Implementation of Education Policy in the Emergency Period of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), which is learning activities conducted online or online. The Government of Indonesia created a program for the sustainability of learning activities, namely Distance Learning (PJJ). Then the government issued a new policy on the implementation of limited face-to-face learning that can be implemented from July 2021. PTM is limited to 2 to 3 meetings in 1 week. For one face-to-face meeting there are 3 hours of lessons, combined with PJJ. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the extent to which the success of face-to-face learning is limited to the new normal to the results of student mathematics learning, so that an overview can later be used as a reference and further improvement material for Madrasah during limited PTM adaptation. The research method used is qualitative research. The study was conducted in November 2021.The location of the study is Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kulon Progo.The subject of this study is students of class XI MIPA 2 even and odd school year 2020/2021 numbered 28 children. Research nstruments are used using field observations, interviews, tests, and field records. Students' learning outcomes meet the classical minimum completion criteria. The data obtained shows that the average learning outcome of students' mathematics is 83.3 with the completion of learning classically only 100%.Thus the student's mathematical learning outcomes can be categorized into sufficient categories. The implementation of ptm limited in MA Negeri 2 Kulon Progo is well implemented.This is in accordance with limited PTM implementation guidelines during the new normal period which of course by applying strict health protocols

"Model Nilai Tambah Agroindustri dalam Rantai Pasok Madu Studi Kasus di PT Kembang Joyo Sriwijaya"

"Model Nilai Tambah Agroindustri dalam Rantai Pasok Madu. Studi Kasus di PT Kembang Joyo Sriwijaya Dewi Masyithoh1, Budi Hartono2, Lilik Eka Radiati2, Suyadi2 1 Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Islam Malang, 65144. Indonesia 2 Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145. Indonesia ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji pola aliran rantai pasok agroindustri madu, menganalisis nilai tambah madu berdasarkan pendapatan atau keuntungan, mengkaji dan mengembangkan model nilai tambah agroindustri madu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di mitra PT Kembang Joyo Sriwijaya di Indonesia. Responden penelitian terdiri dari peternak lebah, pengepul, agroindustri, pengecer dan konsumen. Metode analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dan model nilai tambah dinamis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola distribusi rantai pasok madu terdiri dari tiga aliran yaitu aliran produk, aliran keuangan, dan aliran informasi menggunakan teknologi informasi. Nilai tambah madu SI lebih tinggi dibanding dengan nilai tambah madu hutan NTT dan madu ipomoea. Peningkatan laba agroindustri tidak mengikuti peningkatan yang signifikan pada nilai tambah agroindustri. Efisiensi tenaga kerja dapat meningkatkan keuntungan yang signifikan dan meningkatkan kapasitas produksi 10 persen belum memberikan pendapatan perusahaan yang signifikan Keyword: Teknologi informasi, Rantai pasok, Model Sistem Dinamis

IDENTIFIKASI PERMASALAHAN PETERNAKAN LEBAH MADU Apis mellifera di PATI, JAWA TENGAH

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan peternakan yang dihadapi oleh lebah madu Apis mellifera di Pati, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara secara langsung dan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara secara langsung terhadap 15 orang peternak lebah madu Apis mellifera yang terdapat di daerah Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Data hasil identifikasi permasalahan yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peternak lebah madu Apis mellifera di daerah Pati, Jawa Tengah memiliki permasalah yang sama yaitu tentang pakan lebah berupa terbatasnya tanaman pakan lebah yang dapat berbunga sepanjang tahun dan paceklik pakan ketika musim hujan. Selain itu, masalah lainnya adalah penyakit atau hama yang menyerang peternakan lebah madu Apis mellifera berupa kutu (varoa), keterbatasan lahan untuk angon lebah, terbatasnya jumlah ratu lebah, proses budidaya yang tidak terkontrol, dan pemasaran produk madu. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa permasalah peternakan lebah madu Apis mellifera di daerah Pati, Jawa Tengah teridiri dari masalah pakan, penyakit, lahan, ratu lebah, pemeliharaan, dan pemasaran produk madu.

Pengembangan Media Buku Teks Fikih Digital dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik di MAN 1 Mojokerto

The creation of digital textbooks is an attempt to address students' learning issues, particularly during the Covid-19 epidemic and post-pandemic new normal. The purpose of this research is to create digital fiqh textbooks and assess how successful it is in improving student learning results at MAN 1 Mojokerto. This is a research and development study, followed by an efficacy test employing a paired sample t-test through pre-test and post-test. The methods for generating a digital fiqh text book medium are as follows: (a) define stage (b) design stage (design); (c) develop stage (development); and (4) the disseminate stage. While the efficacy test revealed a considerable difference between the pre-test and post-test outcomes. Before using the media, the average value was 50.97 with a standard deviation of 18.929, and after using the media, the average value was 79.44 with a standard deviation of 10.473. The paired-sample test yielded a t-count value of 17.753, a t-table value of 2.02809, and a p-value of 0.000. The estimated t value is more than the t table, and the significance value is less than 0.05, indicating that learning using digital fiqh textbook learning media is more successful than learning without media.The creation of digital textbooks is an attempt to address students' learning issues, particularly during the Covid-19 epidemic and post-pandemic new normal. The purpose of this research is to create digital fiqh textbooks and assess how successful it is in improving student learning results at MAN 1 Mojokerto. This is a research and development study, followed by an efficacy test employing a paired sample t-test through pre-test and post-test. The methods for generating a digital fiqh text book medium are as follows: (a) define stage (b) design stage (design); (c) develop stage (development); and (4) the disseminate stage. While the efficacy test revealed a considerable difference between the pre-test and post-test outcomes. Before using the media, the average value was 50.97 with a standard deviation of 18.929, and after using the media, the average value was 79.44 with a standard deviation of 10.473. The paired-sample test yielded a t-count value of 17.753, a t-table value of 2.02809, and a p-value of 0.000. The estimated t value is more than the t table, and the significance value is less than 0.05, indicating that learning using digital fiqh textbook learning media is more successful than learning without media

Anxiety In Speaking English Of The Third Semester Students In English Education Department Of Muria Kudus University In 2016/2017 Academic Year

Anxiety is the negative feeling of tension, apprehension, nervousness and worry. When students master speaking well, they can speak confidently without any anxiety, especially for English Education Department Students of Muria Kudus University. They are prepared to be English teacher, so they must master English well, In English Education Department of Muria Kudus University most of the students feel anxious while speaking in front of the class. Based on the statement of the problem, the objectives of the research are as follows; (1) to find out the causes of Anxiety in speaking English of the third semester students in English Education Department of Muria Kudus University in 2016/2017 Academic Year, (2) to find out the students efforts on reducing anxiety in speaking English of the third semester students in English Education Department of Muria Kudus University in 2016/2017 Academic Year. This research is a qualitative research. The design of the research is Descriptive Qualitative design. The data of this research is the Anxiety in speaking English. The data source is the third Semester students of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University. The instrument in this research is questionnaire. The result of this research shows that the causes of Anxiety in speaking English of the third semester students in English Education Department of Muria Kudus University in 2016/2017 Academic Year is on Socio-cultural factorwith the total descriptive percentages is 62.6% and the students efforts on reducing their anxieties are keep calm, positive thinking and prepared well the material. Based on the result, the writer concludes that the students feel anxious on speaking because the students feel that they have to respect and listen to the lecturer’s explanation and also not to be rebellious with their lecturer. So, the Lecturer should give the students reinforcement to motivate them, make the class enjoyable and use some technique to make the students active to speak in the class

Electronic Word of Mouth Pemasaran Madu Era Covid-19 di Wilayah Malang

Madu menjadi produk primadona pada saat pandemik Covid 19. Madu merupakan produk alami yang terbukti memiliki dampak yang baik bagi kesehatan dan dapat menjaga imunitas tubuh. Ulasan pada google dapat kita sebut sebagai electronic word of mounth (eWOM). eWOM yang saat ini kita kenal dahulu kita sebut sebagai WOM merupakan pendapat dari seseorang terhadap suatu produk yang digunakan sebagai cara untuk menilai suatu produk. Produk yang memiliki penilaian serta ulasan yang baik secara tidak langsung akan meningkatkan pemasaran produk tersebut serta reputasi dari penjual produk karena masyarakat cenderung mempercayai rekomendasi oleh orang yang dipercaya seperti artis, tetangga, kerabat terdekat dan komentar yang disertakan bukti gambar atau video pada ulasan google. Wilayah Malang Jawa Timur memiliki penjual maupun produsen madu. Beberapa penjual madu di Wilayah Malang telah memasuki penjualan secara online dengan menampilkan usaha pada Google. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai eWOM produk madu di wilayah Malang serta mendeskripsikan mengenai rating dan ulasan yang terdapat pada mesin pencari Google terhadap produsen dan penjual madu di wilayah Malang