Low-rank update of preconditioners for the nonlinear Richard's equation

Preconditioners for the Conjugate Gradient method are studied to solve the Newton system with symmetric positive definite (SPD) Jacobian. Following the theoretical work in Bergamaschi et al. (2011) [4] we start from a given approximation of the inverse of the initial Jacobian, and we construct a sequence of preconditioners by means of a low rank update, for the linearized systems arising in the Picard Newton solution of the nonlinear discretized Richards equation. Numerical results onto a very large and realistic test case show that the proposed approach is more efficient, in terms of iteration number and CPU time, as compared to computing the preconditioner of choice at every nonlinear iteration.The support of the CARIPARO Foundation (Grant NPDE: Non-linear Partial Differential Equations: models, analysis, and control - theoretic problems), and of the Spanish DGI grant MTM2010-18674 is acknowledged.Bergamaschi, L.; Bru García, R.; Martínez Calomardo, Á.; Mas Marí, J.; Putti, M. (2013). Low-rank update of preconditioners for the nonlinear Richard's equation. Mathematical and Computer Modelling. 57(7):1933-1941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2012.01.013S1933194157

Accidentes por mordedura de canes atendidos durante el periodo 2017 – 2018 en un Hospital Nacional de Lima – Perú

The aim was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of dog bite accidents treated at Sergio E. Bernales Hospital, located in Comas district in Lima (Peru), between 2017 and 2018. A sheet was prepared in Excel to collect the information from the medical records, 100% of medical records of dog bites was transferred. The variables considered in the study were residence and characteristics of the patient, condition and characteristics of the dog, place of the accident, type of accident, type of and location of the injury, delay in seeking care for the injury and treatment received. Data was processed in STATA 15.0 and summarized using descriptive statistics. Information was collected from 1598 files, 56.4% of the victims were men and most of the victims were between 30 and 59 years old. Accidents caused by runaway stray dogs predominated (39%). Most of the accidents were surprise attacks (94%), with minor injuries (54.8%), and in lower limbs (51.5%). The results are expected to show the effect of this type of accident on human health in order to compel authorities to take preventive measures to alleviate their effects on the population.El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los accidentes por mordedura de canes atendidos en el Hospital “Sergio E. Bernales”, ubicado en el distrito de Comas, Lima – Perú, durante los años 2017 y 2018. Para ello se elaboró una base de datos en el programa Microsoft Excel donde se transfirió la información de las historias clínicas correspondientes al 100% de los pacientes atendidos por mordedura de canes en el periodo de estudio. Las variables consideradas en el estudio fueron: procedencia y características del paciente, condición y características del animal agresor, lugar del accidente, tipo de accidente, tipo de lesión, ubicación de la misma, atención de la herida y tratamiento realizado. La información se procesó haciendo uso del programa estadístico STATA 15.0 y se resumió mediante estadística descriptiva. Se recolectó información de 1598 fichas, predominando accidentados del sexo masculino (56,4%) y del grupo etario de 30 a 59 años (30,4%). Los accidentes más frecuentes fueron producidos por canes huidos (39%). La mayoría correspondió a ataques sorpresivos (94%), con lesiones leves (54,8%) y en miembros inferiores (51,5%). La atención fue solicitada al día siguiente del accidente en la mayoría de los casos (53,6%). Se espera que los resultados permitan mostrar el efecto de este tipo de accidentes sobre la salud humana y las autoridades correspondientes tomen las medidas preventivas a fin de atenuar sus efectos sobre la población

Cost-based assessment of NGOA architectures and its impact in the business model

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Lie models of homotopy automorphism monoids and classifying fibrations

Given X a finite nilpotent simplicial set, consider the classifying fibrations X → B aut∗ G(X) → B autG(X) and X → Z → B aut∗ π (X) where G and π denote, respectively, subgroups of the free and pointed homotopy classes of free and pointed self homotopy equivalences of X which act nilpotently on H∗(X) and π∗(X). We give algebraic models, in terms of complete differential graded Lie algebras (cdgl’s), of the rational homotopy type of these fibrations. Explicitly, if L is a cdgl model of X, there are connected sub cdgl’s DerGL and DerΠL of the Lie algebra of derivations of L such that the geometrical realizations of the sequences of cdgl morphisms L ad → DerGL → DerGL ̃×sL and L → L ̃×DerΠL → DerΠL have the rational homotopy type of the above classifying fibrations. Among the consequences we also describe in cdgl *We give algebraic models, in terms of complete differential graded Lie algebras (cdgl's), of the rational homotopy type of these fibrations. Explicitly, if L is a cdgl model of X, there are connected sub cdgl's and of the Lie algebra of derivations of L such that the geometrical realizations of the sequences of cdgl morphisms have the rational homotopy type of the above classifying fibrations. Among the consequences we also describe in cdgl terms the Malcev -completion of G and π together with the rational homotopy type of the classifying spaces BG and Bπ.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU

On the presence of Scaurus puncticollis Solier, 1838 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Qatar

As part of the biodiversity surveys conducted by the Department of Biodiversity at the Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), we can report the presence of Scaurus puncticollis Solier, 1838 in Qatar, and confirm the first record for the tribe Scaurini Billberg, 1820 in the country. We found two living specimens and remains of a third one distributed over the year (February, April and October) in three different locations of the Al Rayyan Municipality in Qatar. These findings reveal that the fauna of darkling beetles of Qatar is, despite previous efforts, still underestimated. To document and report the actual Biodiversity Heritage of Qatar, new exhaustive field biodiversity surveys should be conducted to complete the catalogue of Tenebrionoidae for the State of Qatar.Peer Reviewe

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces apoptosis in the trout ovary

BACKGROUND: In mammals it is well known that infections can lead to alterations in reproductive function. As part of the innate immune response, a number of cytokines and other immune factors is produced during bacterial infection or after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and acts on the reproductive system. In fish, LPS can also induce an innate immune response but little is known about the activation of the immune system by LPS on reproduction in fish. Therefore, we conducted studies to examine the in vivo and in vitro effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the reproductive function of sexually mature female trout. METHODS: In saline- and LPS -injected brook trout, we measured the concentration of plasma steroids as well as the in vitro steroidogenic response (testosterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) of ovarian follicles to luteinizing hormone (LH), the ability of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one to induce germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in vitro, and that of epinephrine to stimulate follicular contraction in vitro. We also examined the direct effects of LPS in vitro on steroid production, GVBD and contraction in brook trout ovarian follicles. The incidence of apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL analysis. Furthermore, we examined the gene expression pattern in the ovary of saline- and LPS-injected rainbow trout by microarray analysis. RESULTS: LPS treatment in vivo did not affect plasma testosterone concentration or the basal in vitro production of steroids, although a small but significant potentiation of the effects of LH on testosterone production in vitro was observed in ovarian follicles from LPS-treated fish. In addition, LPS increased the plasma concentration of cortisol. LPS treatment in vitro did not affect the basal or LH-stimulated steroid production in brook trout ovarian follicles. In addition, we did not observe any effects of LPS in vivo or in vitro on GVBD or follicular contraction. Therefore, LPS did not appear to impair ovarian steroid production, oocyte final maturation or follicular contraction under the present experimental conditions. Interestingly, LPS administration in vivo induced apoptosis in follicular cells, an observation that correlated with changes in the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, as evidenced by microarray analysis. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that female trout are particularly resistant to an acute administration of LPS in terms of ovarian hormone responsiveness. However, LPS caused a marked increase in apoptosis in follicular cells, suggesting that the trout ovary could be sensitive to the pro-apoptotic effects of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines