Staphylococcus sp, tratamiento antimicrobiano y resistencia en pioderma bacteriana superficial canina

En la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, existen pocos estudios sobre la frecuencia del tratamiento antimicrobiano en pioderma canina y el nivel de resistencia antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus sp. Los principales objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la resistencia antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus sp, la frecuencia del tratamiento antimicrobiano y sus recidivas en caninos con pioderma. Se analizaron 39 caninos con diagnóstico clínico de pioderma, procedentes de clínicas veterinarias privadas del área de Buenos Aires. Se recogieron, en el momento de la pioderma activa, hisopados de lesiones cutáneas para cultivo bacteriano y análisis por espectrometría de masas. Además, se registró raza, sexo, clasificación clínica de la pioderma, tratamiento antimicrobiano y recaídas de la enfermedad. El 76% de los animales estudiados recibieron cefalexina por vía oral después del examen clínico, y dentro de este porcentaje, el 31,6% también recibió otros tipos de agentes antimicrobianos debido a recaídas. El 24% restante recibió como tratamiento antimicrobiano lincomicina, minociclina y/o doxiciclina. En el 60% de los animales estudiados, la pioderma diagnosticada tenía una causa alérgica, que a su vez coincidió con las recaídas y fue similar al porcentaje de resistencia a la meticilina (51%) de los diferentes aislamientos de Staphylococcus sp. El 80% de las resistencias a meticilina observadas se trataron previamente con cefalexina. Inesperadamente, el mayor porcentaje de resistencia observada fue a eritromicina, clindamicina (demostrando fenotipo constitutivo MLSB) y sulfatrimetoprima.In Buenos Aires, Argentina, few studies are available regarding the frequency of the antimicrobial treatment for canine pyoderma and the level of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus sp. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus sp and the frequency of antimicrobial treatment of canines with pyoderma and their relapses. A total of 39 canines with clinical diagnosis of pyoderma from private veterinary clinics in Buenos Aires area, were analyzed. Skin lesions swabs for both bacterial culture and mass spectrometry analysis were collected at the time of active pyoderma. Additionally, breed, sex, pyoderma classification, antimicrobial treatment and relapses of disease were recorded. Seventy-six percent of the studied animals received oral cephalexin after the clinical checkup, and within this percentage 31.6% also received other types of antimicrobial agents due to relapses. The remaining 24% had only antimicrobial treatment with lincomycin, minocycline and/or doxycycline. In sixty percent of the animals, pyoderma was related to allergy, which in turn was in concordance with relapses and was similar to the percentage of methicillin resistance (51%) of the different isolates of Staphylococcus sp. Eighty percent of the methicillin resistances were previously treated with cephalexin. Surprisingly, the highest percentages of resistance were to erythromycin, clindamycin (demonstrating constitutive MLSB phenotype), and sulfatrimethoprim.Fil: Meneses, María Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Micología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Martin, P. L.. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Manzuc, Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Arauz, María Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Pardo, Alejandro Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Argentin

Species recognition and phylogeny of Thelotrema species in Australia (Ostropales, Ascomycota)

Species circumscriptions based on morphological data are difficult in crustose lichens with limited characters as they often show remarkable variability. An example is the genus Thelotrema s.str., a speciose genus of mostly tropical lichens. Morphological studies on Australian Thelotrema spp. were accompanied by a phylogenetic analysis of mt SSU rDNA sequence data of 19 species, including 25 newly obtained sequences. We performed maximum parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of 50 samples, representing 25 species. Our results indicate that more species need to be accepted in Thelotrema than previously thought. Subtle morphological differences were found to be associated with independent lineages in the phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, monophyly of Thelotrema s.str. is strongly supported. On the basis of the corroboration of morphological evidence by molecular data, the new species Thelotrema capetribulense Mangold, T. crespoae Mangold, Lumbsch & Elix, T. oleosum Mangold, and T. pseudosubtile Mangold are described. The new combinations Chapsa phlyctidioides (Müll.Arg.) Mangold and Thelotrema defossum (Müll.Arg.) Mangold are proposed

Some quantitative one-sided weighted estimates

We show a link between affine differential geometry and null submanifolds in a semi-Riemannian manifold via statistical structures. Once a rigging for a null submanifold is fixed, we can construct a semi-Riemannian metric on it. This metric and the induced connection constitute a statistical structure on the null submanifold in some cases. We study the statistical structures arising in this way. We also construct statistical structures on a null hypersurface in the Lorentz–Minkowski space using the null second fundamental form. This extends the classical construction to the null case.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad Málaga/CBU

Adiciones a los carbones de la Península Ibérica

After examination of specimens, mainly from the herbarium (MA) and the mycological collection (MA-Fungi) of the Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid, we report several novelties on smut fungi within Europe. Two species of smut fungi, Sporisorium egyptiacum and Tilletia viennotii, are reported for the first time from Europe. A finding of Sphacelotheca polygoni-serrulati represents a second record for Europe. Six species of smut fungi, Moreaua kochiana, Schizonella elynae, Sporisorium egyptiacum, Thecaphora thlaspeos, Tilletia viennotii, and Ustanciosporium majus, are recorded for the first time from the Iberian Peninsula. Five species of smut fungi, Moreaua kochiana, Schizonella elynae, Sporisorium egyptiacum, Thecaphora thlaspeos, and Ustanciosporium majus, are newly recorded from Spain. Three species, Moreaua kochiana, Sphacelotheca polygoni-serrulati, and Tilletia viennotii, are new for Portugal. A specimen of Moreaua kochiana represents a new record for France. Arabis serpillifolia is reported as a new host of Thecaphora thlaspeos. New distribution records from the Iberian Peninsula are given for Anthracoidea arenariae, Microbotryum minuartiae, M. silenes-saxifragae, and Tranzscheliella sparti. We also include a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences of Moreaua kochiana, generated in this study, to understand this species’ relationships within its genus.Tras examinar especímenes principalmente del herbario (MA) y de la colección de hongos (MA-Fungi) del Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid reportamos varias novedades de carboneros dentro de Europa. Dos especies de carbones, Sporisorium egyptiacum y Tilletia viennotii, se citan por primera vez para Europa. Reportamos también la segunda cita de Sphacelotheca polygoni-serrulati para Europa. Seis especies, Moreaua kochiana, Schizonella elynae, Sporisorium egyptiacum, Thecaphora thlaspeos, Tilletia viennotii, y Ustanciosporium majus, se citan por primera vez para la Península Ibérica; cinco especies, Moreaua kochiana, Schizonella elynae, Sporisorium egyptiacum, Thecaphora thlaspeos, y Ustanciosporium majus, son nuevas citas para España; tres especies, Moreaua kochiana, Sphacelotheca polygoni-serrulati, y Tilletia viennotii, son nuevas citas para Portugal. Una colección de Moreaua kochiana representa una nueva cita para Francia. Arabis serpillifolia se menciona por primera vez como un hospedante para Thecaphora thlaspeos. Se registran nuevas localidades en la Península Ibérica para Anthracoidea arenariae, Microbotryum minuartiae, M. silenes-saxifragae y Tranzscheliella sparti. Incluimos también un análisis filogenético de secuencias de ADN de dos especímenes de Moreaua kochiana, generadas en este estudio, para entender las relaciones filogenéticas de esta especie dentro su género

One-sided Cp estimates via M# function.

We recall that w ∈ C+p if there exist " > 0 and C > 0 such that for any a < b < c with c − b < b − a and any measurable set E ⊂ (a, b), the following holds. This condition was introduced by Riveros and de la Torre as a one-sided counterpart of the Cp condition studied first by Muckenhoupt and Sawyer. In this paper we show that given 1<p<q<∞ if w∈C+q then ∥M+f∥Lp(w)≲∥M♯,+f∥Lp(w) and conversely if such an inequality holds, then w∈C+p.The first and the second authors were partially supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain, grant PGC2018-096166-B-100 and by Junta de Andalucía grant FQM-354. The third author was supported as well by Agencia I+D+i grants PICT 2018-02501 and PICT 2019-00018. All the authors were partially supported by Junta de Andalucía UMA18-FEDERJA-002. // Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga

Land use intensity indirectly affects ecosystem services mainly through plant functional identity in a temperate forest

Land‐use change is known to affect biodiversity, and there is increasing concern regarding how these changes may impact the provision of ecosystem services. Although functional composition (diversity and identity) could influence ecosystem properties and services at the community level, there is little quantitative understanding of these relationships in the field. Here, we evaluate the direct and indirect effects (through ecosystem properties) of biodiversity on the provision of multiple ecosystem services in native mixed forest in north‐west Patagonia, and how land‐use intensity influences these relationships. We used structural equation modelling to test hypotheses regarding the relationship between understorey plant functional composition, two ecosystem properties, four ecosystem services and silvopastoral use intensity (SUI). We also evaluated two alternative models to assess the mechanism behind biodiversity and ecosystem properties relationships (biomass ratio and niche complementarity). Finally, we performed pairwise correlations to identify synergies and trade‐offs between ecosystem services. SUI affected functional composition, and the provision of three out of four ecosystem services was indirectly affected by land‐use intensity through changes in ecosystem properties. We found that this indirect effect of biodiversity on ecosystem services happens mainly through changes in functional identity rather than functional diversity. Under increasing land‐use intensity, functional composition changed towards a community characterized by a resource acquisition strategy. Trade‐offs between ecosystem services (provisioning vs. regulating) were enhanced under high SUI, while synergies where enhanced under low SUI (provisioning vs. cultural). Thus, although the strength of these relationships varied between SUI, its nature (trade‐off or synergy) stayed the same. Our results expand on previous studies by simultaneously considering the effect of land‐use intensification directly on functional composition and on the ecosystem processes underpinning ecosystem services, as well as on the relationship among them. We provide evidence of an indirect effect of land‐use intensification on multiple ecosystem services through biodiversity. Moreover, we found that functional identity is more important than diversity for ecosystem functionality. Land‐use intensification affects biodiversity, and thus, ecosystem properties, but does not change the relationship among ecosystem services.Fil: Chillo, María Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Andina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Diego P.. Albert Ludwigs University Of Freiburg; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Amoroso, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Sede Andina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Bennett, Elena M.. McGill University; Canad

Methionine adenosyltransferase II beta subunit gene expression provides a proliferative advantage in human hepatoma

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Of the 2 genes (MAT1A, MAT2A) encoding methionine adenosyltransferase, the enzyme that synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine, MAT1A, is expressed in liver, whereas MAT2A is expressed in extrahepatic tissues. In liver, MAT2A expression associates with growth, dedifferentiation, and cancer. Here, we identified the beta subunit as a regulator of proliferation in human hepatoma cell lines. The beta subunit has been cloned and shown to lower the K(m) of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha2 (the MAT2A product) for methionine and to render the enzyme more susceptible to S-adenosylmethionine inhibition. METHODS: Methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha2 and beta subunit expression was analyzed in human and rat liver and hepatoma cell lines and their interaction studied in HuH7 cells. beta Subunit expression was up- and down-regulated in human hepatoma cell lines and the effect on DNA synthesis determined. RESULTS: We found that beta subunit is expressed in rat extrahepatic tissues but not in normal liver. In human liver, beta subunit expression associates with cirrhosis and hepatoma. beta Subunit is expressed in most (HepG2, PLC, and Hep3B) but not all (HuH7) hepatoma cell lines. Transfection of beta subunit reduced S-adenosylmethionine content and stimulated DNA synthesis in HuH7 cells, whereas down-regulation of beta subunit expression diminished DNA synthesis in HepG2. The interaction between methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha2 and beta subunit was demonstrated in HuH7 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that beta subunit associates with cirrhosis and cancer providing a proliferative advantage in hepatoma cells through its interaction with methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha2 and down-regulation of S-adenosylmethionine levels

The protein kinases AtMAP3Kε1 and BnMAP3Kε1 are functional homologues of S. pombe cdc7p and may be involved in cell division

We identified an Arabidopsis thaliana gene, AtMAP3Kε1, and a Brassica napus cDNA, BnMAP3Kε1, encoding functional protein serine/threonine kinases closely related to cdc7p and Cdc15p from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. This is the first report of cdc7-related genes in non-fungal eukaryotes; no such genes have as yet been identified in Metazoans. The B. napus protein is able to partially complement a cdc7 loss of function mutation in S. pombe. RT–PCR and in situ hybridisation revealed that the A. thaliana and B. napus genes are expressed in both the sporophytic and the gametophytic tissues of the respective plant species and revealed further that expression is highest in dividing cells. Moreover, AtMAP3Kε1 gene expression is cell cycle-regulated, with higher expression in G2-M phases. Our results strongly suggest that the plant cdc7p-related protein kinases are involved in a signal transduction pathway similar to the SIN pathway, which positively regulates cytokinesis in S. pombe.This work was mainly supported by a EU grant (SIME project BIOTEC-RTD-CEE PL 960275). The authors also acknowledge the financial support of the MERS and CNRS to UMR 8618, and DGESIG PB98–0678