Efecto de la carga cognitiva en las asociaciones de palabras en adultos

86 p.Si bien existe en la literatura información acerca de las características del léxico y la memoria de trabajo y su interrelación en el adulto mayor, existen escasos antecedentes sobre las asociaciones semánticas en esta población. Por esta razón, el propósito de esta investigación es obtener mayor evidencia sobre el efecto de la carga cognitiva en la capacidad para formular juicios semánticos. Los participantes de este estudio fueron 90 sujetos, 30 de ellos entre 20 a 30 años y 60 sujetos entre 60 y 80 años. Se les administró dos tipos de pruebas: una tarea experimental de juicio semántico que considera las variables de grado de asociación de las variables y carga cognitiva y pruebas que miden la capacidad de la memoria de trabajo. Los puntajes obtenidos por los sujetos en ambas pruebas muestran que con la edad disminuye la capacidad para establecer juicios semánticos, que a mayor grado de asociación de los estímulos es mayor la capacidad para establecer juicios semánticos y que a mayor carga cognitiva de las secuencia menor capacidad para establecer juicios semánticos. Los hallazgos sugieren que efectivamente existe una interrelación entre la memoria de trabajo y la capacidad para establecer juicios semánticos./ABSTRACT: While there is ample literature about the characteristics of the vocabulary and working memory and their interrelationship in the elderly, there is little background information related to semantic associations in this population. According to the above, the aim of this work is to obtain more evidence on the ability of old people to make semantic judgments, and the relationship between cognitive load and this process. Participants in this study were 90 subjects, 30 of them between 20 to 30 years, and 60 subjects between 60 and 80 years. They were given two types of tests: an experimental trial that considers the semantic variable of degree of association, and cognitive load tests that measure the capacity of working memory. The scores obtained by subjects in both tests show that with age the ability to establish semantic judgments decreases, that there is a positive correlation between the degree of association of the stimuli and the capacity to make semantic judgments, and that there is an inverse correlation between the cognitive load involved in the sequence of stimuli and the performance on the semantic trials. These findings suggest that there is indeed an interrelationship between working memory and the ability to establish semantic judgments

Effects of Zr on the amorphization of Cu-Ni-Zr alloys prepared by mechanical alloying

This work presents the effects of high energy milling with different Ni and Zr ratios on the amorphization of ternary Cu-Ni-Zr alloys (initially, Cu-43Ni-7Zr, Cu-12Ni-31Zr, Cu-33Ni-7Zr, and Cu-12Ni-23Zr; and later, Cu-23Ni-15Zr and Cu-11Ni-7Zr). Microstructure was determined using X-Ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Results were compared to thermodynamic models. In the ternary alloys under study, the lattice parameter of the Cu-Ni solid solution was generally correlated to the amounts of nickel incorporated into the Cu lattice. However, longer milling times reduced that lattice parameter and facilitated Zr insertion into the solid solution. For example, after 5 h of milling time, microstructural analysis showed the formation of a solid solution with cubic structure in Cu-43Ni-7Zr. This pattern is consistent with the presence of a lattice parameter between that of Cu and Ni (α−phase); in contrast, the Cu-33Ni-7Zr alloy showed an α-phase and another similar to Zr. Results suggest that, as the amount of nickel increases, the ability to form an amorphous phase decreases. Additionally, experimental and thermodynamic data showed a solid-solution formation stage, followed by an amorphous phase formation stage that occurred as milling time and Zr content increased.Fil: Martínez, Carola. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Aguilar, Claudio. Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria; ChileFil: Briones, Francisco. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Guzmán, Danny. Universidad de Atacama; ChileFil: Zelaya, Maria Eugenia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Troncoso, Loreto. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Rojas, Paula. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chil

Smart Embedded Passive Acoustic Devices for Real-Time Hydroacoustic Surveys

This paper describes cost-efficient, innovative and interoperable ocean passive acoustics sensors systems, developed within the European FP7 project NeXOS (Next generation Low-Cost Multifunctional Web Enabled Ocean Sensor Systems Empowering Marine, Maritime and Fisheries Management) These passive acoustic sensors consist of two low power, innovative digital hydrophone systems with embedded processing of acoustic data, A1 and A2, enabling real-time measurement of the underwater soundscape. An important part of the effort is focused on achieving greater dynamic range and effortless integration on autonomous platforms, such as gliders and profilers. A1 is a small standalone, compact, low power, low consumption digital hydrophone with embedded pre-processing of acoustic data, suitable for mobile platforms with limited autonomy and communication capability. A2 consists of four A1 digital hydrophones with Ethernet interface and one master unit for data processing, enabling real-time measurement of underwater noise and soundscape sources. In this work the real-time acoustic processing algorithms implemented for A1 and A2 are described, including computational load evaluations of the algorithms. The results obtained from the real time test done with the A2 assembly at OBSEA observatory collected during the verification phase of the project are presented.Postprint (author's final draft

Microbial plankton configuration in the epipelagic realm from the Beagle Channel to the Burdwood Bank, a Marine Protected Area in Sub-Antarctic waters

Marine microbial plankton hold high structural and functional diversity, however, highresolution data are lacking in a large part of the Global Ocean, such as in subpolar areas of the SW Atlantic. The Burdwood Bank (BB) is a submerged plateau (average depth 100 m) that constitutes the westernmost segment of the North Scotia Ridge (54°-55°S; 56°-62°W). The BB hosts rich benthic biodiversity in low chlorophyll waters of the southern Patagonian Shelf, Argentina, declared NamuncuráMarine Protected Area (NMPA) in 2013. So far, the pelagic microorganisms above the bank have not been described. During austral summer 2016, we assessed the microbial plankton (0.2-200 μm cell size) biomass and their taxonomical and functional diversity along a longitudinal transect (54.2-55.3°S, 58-68°W) from the Beagle Channel (BC) to the BB, characterized by contrasting hydrography. Results displayed a marked zonation in the composition and structure of the microbial communities. The biomass of phytoplankton >5 μm was 28 times higher in the BC, attributed mainly to large diatom blooms, than in oceanic waters above the BB, where the small coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and flagellates 5 μm, emphasizing the importance of small-sized phytoplankton in low chlorophyll waters. The homogeneous water column and high retention above the bank seem to favor the development of abundant picophytoplankton and microzooplankton communities. Overall, our findings unfold the plankton configuration in the Southern Patagonian Shelf, ascribed as a sink for anthropogenic CO2, and highlight the diverse ecological traits that microorganisms develop to adjust their yield to changing conditions.Fil: Guinder, Valeria Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Malits, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferronato, Carola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Krock, Bernd. Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung; AlemaniaFil: Garzon Cardona, John Edison. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Química. Instituto de Química del Sur; Argentin

Acompañamiento ‘pedagógico directivo en la retroalimentación de la educación a distancia en una ‘institución educativa de la región Ucayali, 2020

El estudio tuvo como finalidad determinar la influencia del plan de acompañamiento pedagógico directivo en la mejora de la retroalimentación de la educación a distancia en la Institución Educativa N° 64114 “Fernando Belaunde Terry” de la Región Ucayali. En tal sentido, el estudio fue aplicada. Respondiendo a ser pre experimental con pre test y pos test en su diseño. En concordancia con el paradigma cuantitativo. Con una muestra de estudio de 13 docentes de la Institución Educativa N° 64114 “Fernando Belaunde Terry” de la Región Ucayali. Se ha determinado que en la retroalimentación de la educación a distancia, tanto del prestest como del postest, existe una diferencia significativa. Al existir una mejora significativa en los resultados del postest. Se ha determinado que el plan de acompañamiento tiene un impacto positivo en la retroalimentación en la educación a distancia. La misma que se ha posido evidenciar al realizar el análisis de cómo el acompañamiento pedagógico directivo influye en la retroalimentación de la educación a distancia en la Institución Educativa N° 64114 “Fernando’Belaunde Terry” de la Región Ucayali; al sobresalir que el valor Z = -3.578 < -1.96; p = .000 < .05. Demostrándose que el acompañamiento pedagógico directivo influye significativamente de modo positivo en la retroalimentación en la educación a distancia en una institución educativa. Por lo que la hipótesis sostenida en la investigación queda confirmada como válida. En tal sentido, se puede afirmar que el acompañamiento pedagógico influye directamente en la retroalimentación de la educación a distancia. Es decir, el director al momento de realizar el acompañamiento pedagógico incide de forma positiva en la práxis del docentes en la educación a distancia.Tesi

Assessing the nonlinear decay of community similarity: permutation and site-block resampling significance tests

Modelling how community similarity decays with spatial distance is a key tool for the study of the processes behind community variation (beta diversity). Distance-decay models are computed from pairwise metrics (i.e. community similarity and spatial distance between localities) and hence suffer from pairwise dependence in the data, precluding the use of standard significance tests. Besides, distance-decay patterns are inherently nonlinear because similarity is bounded between 1 and 0. However, the only standard method to assess model significance under pairwise dependency is the Mantel test, which considers a linear model. To allow the use of nonlinear models in the assessment of distance-decay patterns, we introduce here a nonlinear significance test combining a pseudo-R2 statistic with either permutations or block-site resampling with replacementWe thank Xavier Picó, Christine Meynard, Simone Fattorini and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments and suggestions to earlier versions of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through grants CGL2016-76637-P and PID2020-112935GB-I00, PID2020-116587GB-I00 and a FPI scholarship to S.M.-S (BES-2017-081643). R.M.D. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education through a FPU scholarship (Ref.: FPU17/03016; Ministry of Education)S

Poly-Lactic Acid-Bagasse Based Bio-Composite for Additive Manufacturing

: Beer bagasse is a residue waste produced in great amounts; nevertheless, it is still underestimated in the industry. The aim of this paper is to develop an innovative and efficient methodology to recycle the beer bagasse by producing Poly-lactic acid(PLA)-based bio-composites, in the forms of pellets and filaments, to be used in additive manufacturing processes. To assess the suitability of beer bagasse for extrusion-based 3D printing techniques, it was, firstly, physically and chemically characterized. Then, it was added in combination with different kinds of plasticizers to PLA to make bio-composites, analyzing their thermal and physical properties. The results prove the great potential of bagasse, evidencing its printability. Both composites' pellets and filaments were used in two different 3D printing machines and the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed models were evaluated as a function of the composition and the kind of technology used. All the used plasticizers improved processability and the polymer-bagasse interface. Compared to neat PLA, no changes in thermal properties were detected, but a lowering of the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed composites compared to the neat polymers was observed. Finally, a comparison between the efficiency of the two 3D printing techniques to be used with the bio-based composites was performed

Characterization and Molecular Modelling of Non-Antibiotic Nanohybrids for Wound Healing Purposes

This work was supported by Project PID2020-112737RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and the Andalusian P18-RT-3786 project. Additional information about the project PID2020-112737RB-I00 is available at the website www.herisam.es (accessed on 31 March 2023).The healing process of chronic wounds continues to be a current clinical challenge, wors- ened by the risk of microbial infections and bacterial resistance to the most frequent antibiotics. In this work, non-antibiotic nanohybrids based on chlorhexidine dihydrochloride and clay minerals have been developed in order to design advanced therapeutic systems aimed to enhance wound healing in chronic lesions. To prepare the nanohybrids, two methodologies have been compared: the intercala- tion solution procedure and the spray-drying technique, the latter as a one-step process able to reduce preparation times. Nanohybrids were then fully studied by solid state characterization techniques. Computational calculations were also performed to assess the interactions between the drug and the clays at the molecular level. In vitro human fibroblast biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were assessed to check biocompatibility and potential microbicidal effects of the obtained nanomaterials. The results demonstrated the effective organic/inorganic character of the nanohybrids with homogeneous drug distribution into the clayey structures, which had been confirmed by classical mechanics calculations. Good biocompatibility and microbicidal effects were also observed, especially for the spray-dried nanohybrids. It was suggested that it could be due to a greater contact area with target cells and bacterial suspensions.Andalusian PID2020-112737RB-I00 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033P18-RT-378

El trabajo en equipo desde la mirada de los cuidados y la participación: reflexiones de su aplicación en el Máster en Cooperación al Desarrollo por la UPV

[EN] The article shows the results obtained in the Master's Degree in Development Cooperation of the Universitat Politècnica de València, related to the application of the participation and care approach in teamwork competence, from the end of the 2016-2017 academic year, to current 2017-2018 academic year. The work collects what has been carried out since the 2015-2016 academic year, allowing to assess the improvements introduced and analyzing the evolution in two different groups of students. The most outstanding innovation in the last year is the improvement of the rubric for the evaluation of the competence, with the assistance of a Valencian DNGO in the assessment. There has also been a transfer of the competence to the space of external curricular internships of the master. The results continue to show the need to accompany the process, as well as to reinforce the understanding and application of some dimensions of teamwork from the adopted approaches, in order to consolidate the proposal[ES] La comunicación muestra los resultados obtenidos en el Máster en Cooperación al Desarrollo por la Universitat Politècnica de València, relativos a la aplicación del enfoque de cuidados y la participación a la competencia transversal trabajo en equipo, desde finales del curso 2016-2017, hasta lo que lleva de avance el curso 2017-2018. El trabajo recoge lo llevado a cabo desde el curso 2015-2016, permitiendo valorar las mejoras introducidas y analizando la evolución en dos grupos de alumnado diferente. La innovación más destacada en el último año es la mejora de la rúbrica para la evaluación de la competencia, con el concurso de una ONGD valenciana en el asesoramiento. También ha habido un traslado de la competencia al espacio de las prácticas externas curriculares del máster. Los resultados siguen mostrando la necesidad de acompañar el proceso, así como reforzar el entendimiento y aplicación de algunas dimensiones del trabajo en equipo desde los enfoques adoptados, para consolidar la propuesta.Calabuig Tormo, C.; Fernández-Baldor Martínez, Á.; Belda Miquel, S. (2018). El trabajo en equipo desde la mirada de los cuidados y la participación: reflexiones de su aplicación en el Máster en Cooperación al Desarrollo por la UPV. En IN-RED 2018. IV Congreso Nacional de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1428-1442. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2018.2018.87271428144

Flora de interés en bosques-isla de Andalucía Occidental

Floristic reports in fragmented forests (island-forests) in western AndalusiaPalabras clave. Paisaje fragmentado, corología, flora, campiña, Andalucía Occidental, España.Key words. Fragmented landscape, chorology, flora, country side, Western Andalusia, Spai