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The concept of audience development as the under study in contemporary times. A theoretical, epistemological and methodological view focused in public tv broadcasting

Presentamos una discusión sobre la construcción de las categorías audiencias y recepción como objeto de estudio, con foco en la Tv pública. El contexto está definido teóricamente como modernidad liquida o reflexiva, con un proceso de crecimiento en niveles de abstracción e individualización en detrimento de los actores y las instituciones sociales. El artículo incluye una discusión teórica y epistemológica, desarrollando un diseño metodológico concreto para investigaciones de audiencias desde un enfoque de métodos combinados, en el entendido que es una herramienta ajustada a objetos de estudio complejos que abarcan múltiples planos de la realidad.We present a discussion about the construction of the categories audiences and reception as a object of study, focused on the public Tv. The context is defined theoretically as liquid or reflexive modernity, whit a process of growth in levels of abstraction and individualization to the detriment of actors and social institutions. The article includes a theoretical and epistemological discussion, developing a specific methodological design to audience research from a focus of combined methods, on the understanding that is an appropriate tool set to complex objects of study spanning multiple planes of reality

Dialect Diversity in the Middle English Period

Languages around the world are not homogeneous. Any language is bound to suffer dialect variation within its grammar, lexis, and pronunciation and Great Britain is not an exception. There was a time in the UK when differences were at their peak. That happened during the Middle English period. The main issue of this paper is to comment on the most relevant differences within two great dialectal areas of Great Britain –North and South– by focusing on two texts from that period, specifically, from the 14th century. Therefore, the differences shown are a matter of geography, rather than chronological. Each text –the Northern manuscript The Bee and the Stork and the Southern text Ayenbite of Inwyt– has been analyzed both syntactically and morphologically in order to find out the most remarkable differences between them. This paper concludes with an explanation of the most relevant differences according to dialect and their gradual homogeneity as a consequence of the development of Standard English in the 15th century

Korekcija avaskularnog filtracijskog jastučića modificiranom tehnikom bez šavova

A late postoperative trabeculectomy complication could be the overhanging bleb, especially when antimetabolites are used. It can be associated with hypotony, foreign body sensation, dellen, and visual compromise. We report a case of an avascular overhanging bleb successfully reduced with a modified sutureless technique. Nine years before, our patient had trabeculectomy using mitomycin C. After the surgery, the intraocular pressure was correct, without progression in the visual field, but on slit-lamp examination, a large avascular overhanging bleb was noted. Partial excision was performed with dissection from the cornea, overhanging conjunctival trimming, leakage checking and Bandage Contact lens placement. Topical antibiotic and steroid treatment was administered for three weeks. The excised conjunctival histopathology showed avascular metaplastic epithelium. Six months after the surgery, the patient’s visual acuity improved, with intraocular pressure of 12 mm Hg and a Seidel negative asymptomatic bleb. In conclusion, this less invasive technique preserves better bleb function without ripping the surrounding ischemic tissue. The procedure is safe and easy to perform, with less surgical time and fast recovery.Jedna od rijetkih kasnih poslijeoperacijskih komplikacija trabekulektomije može biti izrazito velik i cistično promijenjen filtracijski jastučić, pogotovo kada se primjenjuju antimetaboliti. To može biti povezano s hipotonijom, stanjenjem rožnice te osjećajem stranog tijela i smetnjama vida. Prikazujemo slučaj avaskularnog filtracijaskiog jastučića koji je operiran modificiranom tehnikom bez šavova. Prije devet godina bolesnici je učinjena trabekulektomija s mitomicinom C. Nakon operacije intraokularni tlak je bio zadovoljavajućih vrijednosti, bez progresije u vidnom polju, ali je na biomikroskopskom pregledu zabilježen veliki avaskularni filtracijaski jastučič. Učinjena je parcijalna ekscizija jastučića s površine rožnice te podrezivanje konjunktivnog dijela, nakon čega je postavljena terapeutska kontaktna leća. Topički tretman antibiotikom i steroidima bio je primijenjen tijekom tri tjedna. Patohistološki nalaz odstranjenog dijela spojnice pokazao je avaskularni metaplastični epitel. Šest mjeseci nakon operacije došlo je do poboljšanja vidne oštrine. Vrijednost intraokularnog tlaka bila je 12 mm Hg uz avaskularni, Seidel negativan i asimptomatski filtracijski jastučić. U zaključku, ova minimalno invazivna kirurška tehnika korekcije filtracijskog jastučića sigurna je i jednostavna metoda koja skraćuje operativno vrijeme i oporavak bolesnika. Isto tako, minimalno je traumatična tehnika za okolno tkivo kao i sam filtracijski jastučić, što je od velikog značenja u očuvanju njegove funkcije odnosno regulaciji intraokularnog tlaka

Structural analysis of FAD synthetase from Corynebacterium ammoniagenes

Abstract Background The prokaryotic FAD synthetase family – a group of bifunctional enzymes that catalyse riboflavin phosphorylation and FMN adenylylation within a single polypeptide chain- was analysed in terms of sequence and structure. Results Sequences of nearly 800 prokaryotic species were aligned. Those related with bifunctional FAD synthetase activities showed conservation of several consensus regions and highly conserved residues. A 3D model for the FAD synthetase from Corynebacterium ammoniagenes (CaFADS) was generated. This model confirms that the N-terminal and C-terminal domains are related to nucleotydyltransferases and riboflavin kinases, respectively. Models for the interaction of CaFADS with its substrates were also produced, allowing location of all the protein substrates in their putative binding pockets. These include two independent flavin binding sites for each CaFADS activity. Conclusion For the first time, the putative presence of a flavin binding site for the adenylylation activity, independent from that related with the phosphorylation activity, is shown. Additionally, these models suggest the functional relevance of some residues putatively involved in the catalytic processes. Their relevant roles were analysed by site-directed mutagenesis. A role was confirmed for H28, H31, S164 and T165 in the stabilisation of the P groups and the adenine moiety of ATP and, the P of FMN for the adenylylation. Similarly, T208, N210 and E268 appear critical for accommodation of the P groups of ATP and the ribityl end of RF in the active site for the phosphorylation process. Finally, the C-terminal domain was shown to catalyse the phosphorylation process on its own, but no reaction at all was observed with the individually expressed N-terminal domain.</p

Principle of progressive autonomy, participation, and recognition of agency. Substantive citizenship in the transition from childhood to adolescence

It is necessary to talk about children's and adolescents' education for citizenship beyond the vindication of spaces for citizen action. It is necessary to incorporate the principle of progressive autonomy highlighted by the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 in terms of 'evolving capacities', from the knowledge of their rights and their exercise. This article aims to analyse the concept of substantive citizenship of children and adolescents based on their right to participation and from the recognition of their agency, as well as the promotion of and respect for the principle of progressive autonomy. Based on a participatory narrative research with a socio-critical perspective, 23 discussion groups were carried out with 210 young people between 15 and 19 years old in five Iberoamerican cities: Barcelona, Buenos Aires, Mexico City, Madrid and Sao Paolo. From the content analysis of their contributions, three dimensions emerge: to know oneself as a subject of rights from the knowledge of these rights, the importance of intergenerational relations in recognising progressive autonomy, and the incidence of age in the development of their autonomy. As conclusions, it should be noted that young people in the five cities know their rights and recognise that family, school and social networks favour their recognition as subjects of rights and responsibilities. It also reveals that age is a limiting element and a fundamental factor for the development of substantive citizenship

Programa de Educación para la Salud: Prevención de Accidente Cerebrovascular en el Adulto Joven

Introducción: el ictus representa en España la primera causa de muerte en la mujer y la segunda en hombres. A pesar de que la mortalidad haya disminuido desde las últimas décadas, la incidencia en el adulto joven sigue en aumento ocasionándoles años de discapacidades.El gran desconocimiento de la población acerca de los factores de riesgo y sus signos de alerta, hacen que el número de casos sea cada vez mayor, siendo imprescindible la concienciación para adoptar un modelo de vida sana y disminuir los casos de ictus en la medida de lo posible.Objetivos: disminuir la incidencia de accidentes cerebrovasculares en el adulto joven mediante la realización de un Programa de Educación para la Salud en atención primaria.Metodología: se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica a partir de las principales bases de datos como Scielo, Science Direct, Pubmed así como la consulta en guías de práctica clínica, protocolos y páginas oficiales.Conclusiones: con la aplicación de este Programa de Educación para la Salud se capacitará a los adultos jóvenes para comprender las características principales de los accidentes cerebrovasculares, a saber diferenciar los factores de riesgo e identificar y reaccionar ante los signos y síntomas en el inicio de un ictus, reduciendo así su incidencia.Palabras clave: las palabras claves utilizadas han sido ictus, ACV, factores de riesgo, jóvenes, signos de alerta, prevención primaria, conocimiento, impacto social.<br /

La ausencia de sentido de vida como consecuencia de la desvinculación familiar en jóvenes acogidos en instituciones.

Identificó los motivos y las consecuencias que llevan a los jóvenes a perder el sentido de vida dentro de una familia disfuncional, así como las causas por las que se desvinculan en la familia de los jóvenes acogidos y analizó el entorno social para determinar las consecuencias conductuales que conlleva. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la Organización no Gubernamental “Aldeas Infantiles SOS Guatemala” en San Jerónimo, departamento de Baja Verapaz, durante los meses de agosto 2012 a marzo del año 2013. La población con la que se trabajó fue integrada por jóvenes comprendidos entre los 14 a 17 años de edad. Para seleccionar la muestra se utilizó el tipo de muestreo intencional. Las técnicas que se utilizaron para recopilar datos fueron las siguientes: observación, entrevista estructurada, biografía de vida, y testimonio. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron fueron: genograma, Tests Proyectivo de Vida y el cuestionario. Se realizó el análisis de los casos y concluyó que, la ausencia de sentido de vida entraña una dinámica psíquica que se comienza a desarrollar a partir de la desvinculación familiar del adolescente con los padres. Los adolescentes que fueron desvinculados del seno familiar por desprotección infantil, presentaban un alto índice de conducta opositora debido a las constantes desvinculaciones que han vivido a lo largo de su vida. La timidez y las conductas de retraimiento en el adolescente son la consecuencia de la ausencia de las figuras maternas y paternas, lo cual lleva al mismo a desarrollar inadecuadas relaciones interpersonales

Determining the profile of people with fall risk in community-living older people in Algarve region: a cross-sectional, population-based study

One in three people aged 65 years or older falls every year. Injuries associated with this event among the older population are a major cause of pain, disability, loss of functional autonomy and institutionalization. This study aimed to assess mobility and fall risk (FR) in community-living older people and to determine reliable and independent measures (health, social, environmental and risk factors) that can predict the mobility loss and FR. In total, 192 participants were included, with a mean age of 77.93 ± 8.38. FR was assessed by EASY-Care (EC) Standard 2010, the Tinetti Test and the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES). An exploratory analysis was conducted using the divisive non-hierarchical cluster method, aiming to identify a differentiator and homogeneous group of subjects (optimal group of variables) and to verify if that group shows differences in fall risk. Individually, the health, social, environmental and risk factor categories were not found to be an optimal group; they do not predict FR. The most significant predictor variables were a mix of the different categories, namely, the presence of pain, osteoarthritis (OA), and female gender. The finding of a profile that allows health professionals to be able to quickly identify people at FR will enable a reduction in injuries and fractures resulting from falls and, consequently, the associated costs.This research was funded by 0551_PSL_6_E-PSL-“Programme for a Long-lived Society” project, INTERREG V-A Spain-Portugal (POCTEP), financed by the cross-border Spain-Portugal European Territorial Cooperation Program, financed by the European Regional Development Fund.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact acceleration during prolonged running while wearing conventional versus minimalist shoes.

Purpose: In recent years a sub-group of minimalist runners have emerged who aim to perform physical exercise more naturally in an attempt to reduce running-related injuries. Here we aimed to determine the effect that running with minimalist footwear in a prolonged run has on footimpact accelerations. Method: Seventeen runners ran with minimalist and conventional shoes (MS and CS, respectively) in two separate sessions; the participants had experience with both footwear types. We measured the length and frequency of each stride, as well as the tibial and head impact acceleration every 5 minutes during a prolonged run (30 minutes at 80% of each individual's maximum aerobic speed). Results: There were significant differences in the acceleration rate in the tibia (CS: 516.1 ± 238.47 G/s and MS: 786.6 ± 238.45 G/s; p = .009) and head (CS: 73.3 ± 23.65 G/s and MS: 120.7 ± 44.13 G/s; p = .000). Our data indicate that the type of footwear increased the stride frequency and decreased length and that the impact acceleration is increased with MS compared to CS (p < .05 in both cases). However, the effect of prolonged run was not significantly different between CS and MS (p < .05). Conclusions: The peak tibia acceleration and headtibia acceleration rate indicate that the use of MS may be related to a higher risk of injury. These differences remained independently of the runners' fatigue stat