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DOI: 10.1400/22969

El poblamiento de la Comarca de Alcántara (Cáceres) durante la Edad del Hierro

Sin resume

Autorizaciones de los autores para la incorporación de tesis en repositorios digitales de Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Brasil y Argentina

Report on issues taken into account in authorization forms by means of which authors agree to publsh their theses in institucional repositorie

Medellín 1991. La ladera norte del Cerro del Castillo

Medellín es un importante oppidum Orientalizante de la Península Ibérica de extensión y cronología comparables a las poblaciones turdetanas. Formaba parte de la Cultura Tartésica y su población se concentraba hacia el Cerro del Castillo para controlar la rica vega y el paso del río hacia las áreas pacidentales, lo que explica su papel como centro de las Vegas del Guadiana. Tras la Cultura Tartésica, evolucionó hacia la “Cultura de los Oppida” de Extremadura, para la que ofrece una secuencia clave, ya que mantuvo contactos con el área turdetana hasta su temprana romanización, siendo el principal apoyo de Roma hasta la fundación de Emerita Augusta.Medellín is an important oppidum of the Orientalizing Period in Iberia; its extension and chronology are similar to other turdetanian settlements. It took part of the Tartesian Culture. The settlemet was concentrated at the Cerro del Castillo as the center of the very rich territory of Vegas del Guadiana in order to control the passage of the river to the rich northwestern areas of Iberia. After the Tartesian Culture, it evolved towards a so-called “Oppida-Culture from Extremadura“. It offers a very important sequence because it had contacts with the turdetanian area untill its romanisation, when it played a important role before the foundation of Augusta Emerita

Ant Communities Resist Even in Small and Isolated Gypsum Habitat Remnants in a Mediterranean Agroecosystem

Natural and seminatural habitat remnants play a crucial ecological role in intensified agroecosystems. Assumptions on the conservation value of small and poorly connected fragments in a hostile matrix come from generalization obtained from a limited number of taxa, mostly plants, and vertebrates. To date, few studies have analyzed the effect of fragmentation on ant communities in Mediterranean agroecosystems, despite the importance of this group of animals on several key ecosystem functions and services. Here, we analyze the effects of fragment area and connectivity on ant communities in gypsum outcrops in a large cereal agroecosystem of Central Spain. Ant communities were described by their species composition, abundance (total number of occurrences), and number of species, standardized both by area (species density), and abundance (species richness). Observed number of species was relatively high in comparison with other studies in the Mediterranean, and we found no effects of fragment characteristics on species density, species richness and species composition, which implies that even small and isolated patches do have a value for ant conservation. Moreover, total number of occurrences were higher for smaller and more isolated fragments. This finding contrasts with the results reported for other taxa in similar gypsum habitats and suggests that certain ant traits and strategies make them particularly resistant to fragmentation and capable to take advantage of small habitat patches. Given the important ecological role played by ants, we recommend the preservation of these small habitat fragments in the management plans of agroecosystems in these drylands, especially in those cases in which intensification of agricultural practices greatly diminish natural habitat availabilit

Family and research: gender-based and family strategies by Spanish female researchers

Los valores relacionados con la familia y la estructura familiar son decisivos para consolidar las trayectorias profesionales de las mujeres científicas. Al mismo tiempo, las condiciones laborales y profesionales en ciencia (movilidad, implicación en el trabajo, etc.) condicionan las estructuras familiares de estas mujeres. Los resultados de este trabajo revelan que las investigadoras españolas muestran un fuerte compromiso con la familia pero también con sus aspiraciones profesionales. Para lograr ambos objetivos, las mujeres desarrollan diferentes estrategias familiares que son analizadas en este trabajo.Values related to family and family structure are decisive to the professional progression of women scientists. At the same time, professional and labour conditions in science (mobility, working intensity, etc.) influence family structures of these women. The results of this work show that Spanish researchers display a strong commitment to the family and also their professional aspirations. To achieve both goals, women develop different family strategies which are analysed in this work

Offender's Narratives on Criminal Desistance While Serving a Prison Sentence

This study analyzes the early desistance narratives of a sample of 44 male offenders, between 20 and 50 years old, incarcerated in Spain for serious crimes. In particular, two types of the inmates’ stories are evaluated: 1) their narratives of personal change toward a non-criminal life (identity change, perceived self-efficacy and willingness for desistance); 2) their perceptions on those transitional or facilitator factors for desistance available to them (new learning, support and social bonding). Participants’ accounts show how many subjects, despite being still in prison, claim to have experienced favorable changes and have different facilitating factors to abandon their previous criminal life. Despite this, such early narratives of withdrawal are not exempt from ambivalences and contradictions, both between subjects and within subjects. The process of desistance and their contradictions was interpreted, in accordance with the reviewed literature, as a long journey which is often traversed in a circular and zigzagging manner. Finally, it has been discussed how the correctional system should play a major role in facilitating the personal changes and the social support necessary for the ex-offenders’ journey to desistance to be successful

Flavonoid and Antioxidant Capacity of Propolis Prediction Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy

[EN] The use of propolis as a dietary supplement or as an ingredient in different food products is increasing, due to its antioxidant and bactericidal properties. These nutritional properties directly depend on its phenolic composition. For this reason, this study analysed the total contents of flavones and flavonols, flavanones and dihydroflavonols, and the antioxidant capacity by using the methods of ABTS and linoleic acid/β-carotene in 99 samples of propolis from Spain and Chile. A rapid method was developed for quantifying these parameters in raw propolis using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with a remote reflectance fibre-optic probe applied directly to the ground-up sample. The models developed allow for the determination of the total flavones and flavonols (0–183 mg quercetin/g propolis and 0–72 mg rutin/g propolis), of the total flavanones and dihydroflavonols (9–109 mg pinocembrin/g propolis extract), and of its antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method based on the reduction of the 2.2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation(0–3212.6 nmol Trolox/mg of propolis) and of linoleic acid/β-carotene (22–86% inhibition). The NIR spectroscopy models were applied in external validation to different samples of the calibration group, which led to the conclusion that the methods developed provide significantly identical data to the initial chemical data of reference

The sequential analysis of transgressors’ accounts of breaking environmental laws

Three-hundred and twenty written accounts of environmental transgressors were assessed by sequential analysis to reveal their argument streams. The accounts were obtained from the written statements that transgressors are allowed to give during the Spanish administrative process and which were included in files handled by four environmental law enforcement agencies. These agencies are distributed across national, regional, island and municipality jurisdictions. The setting for the study is a highly protected environment in which environmental laws have high salience. Results reveal that transgressors use simple argument streams, consistently more defensive than conciliatory, and questioning the perceived legitimacy of environmental law. It was seen also that the empirical functioning of the explanations related to pursuing emotional/prosocial objectives differs from what was expected from the traditional conceptual definition. Results are discussed in terms of how the assessment of the internal dynamic of the accounts would provide valuable information on transgressors’ reasoning in relation to environmental laws.Se examinaron 320 explicaciones exculpatorias dadas por transgresores medioambientales para evaluar, mediante análisis secuencial, sus líneas argumentales. Las explicaciones se obtuvieron a partir de alegaciones que los transgresores pueden presentar por escrito a lo largo del proceso español de sanción administrativa y que estaban incluidas en expedientes tramitados por cuatro administraciones encargadas de aplicar las leyes medioambientales a nivel nacional, autonómico, insular y municipal. El contexto del estudio es un entorno protegido en el que las leyes medioambientales tienen una alta relevancia. Los resultados muestran que los transgresores usan secuencias argumentales simples, consistentemente más defensivas que conciliadoras, y que cuestionan la legitimidad de la ley medioambiental. Se observó también que, empíricamente, las explicaciones relacionadas con la consecución de objetivos emocionales/prosociales funcionan de manera diferente a la esperada según la definición conceptual clásica. Los resultados se discuten enfatizando cómo el análisis de la dinámica interna de las explicaciones proporciona información valiosa acerca del razonamiento de los transgresores respecto a las leyes medioambientales

Principle of progressive autonomy, participation, and recognition of agency. Substantive citizenship in the transition from childhood to adolescence

It is necessary to talk about children's and adolescents' education for citizenship beyond the vindication of spaces for citizen action. It is necessary to incorporate the principle of progressive autonomy highlighted by the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 in terms of 'evolving capacities', from the knowledge of their rights and their exercise. This article aims to analyse the concept of substantive citizenship of children and adolescents based on their right to participation and from the recognition of their agency, as well as the promotion of and respect for the principle of progressive autonomy. Based on a participatory narrative research with a socio-critical perspective, 23 discussion groups were carried out with 210 young people between 15 and 19 years old in five Iberoamerican cities: Barcelona, Buenos Aires, Mexico City, Madrid and Sao Paolo. From the content analysis of their contributions, three dimensions emerge: to know oneself as a subject of rights from the knowledge of these rights, the importance of intergenerational relations in recognising progressive autonomy, and the incidence of age in the development of their autonomy. As conclusions, it should be noted that young people in the five cities know their rights and recognise that family, school and social networks favour their recognition as subjects of rights and responsibilities. It also reveals that age is a limiting element and a fundamental factor for the development of substantive citizenship