Psychophysiological Characteristics of Children with Dyslexia

Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that involves difficulty reading due to decoding problems for letters and words. Statistics shows that 5-10% of the general population has dyslexia. The aetiology of reading disorder supposes some biological causes and morphological markers useful in the classification and early identification of the problem.The aim of this article is to find appropriate parameters, which will be useful for early diagnosis and finding the right modalities for treatment.Our findings about QEEG characteristics are not conclusive. However, slowing of brain activity in dyslexic children appeared to be confirmed. These findings lead to the possible hypothesis of delay in neurological development of these children. Significant theta/beta ratio suggest possible comorbidity with ADHD.Further research with more children included is proposed

Cost-effectiveness of implementing a digital psychosocial intervention for patients with psychotic spectrum disorders in low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Europe: Economic evaluation alongside a cluster randomised trial

BACKGROUND: DIALOG+ is a digital psychosocial intervention aimed at making routine meetings between patients and clinicians therapeutically effective. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing DIALOG+ treatment for patients with psychotic disorders in five low- and middle-income countries in Southeast Europe alongside a cluster randomised trial. METHODS: Resource use and quality of life data were collected alongside the multi-country cluster randomised trial of 468 participants with psychotic disorders. Due to COVID-19 interruptions of the trial’s original 12-month intervention period, adjusted costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated at the participant level using a mixed-effects model over the first 6 months only. We estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) with uncertainty presented using a cost-effectiveness plane and a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Seven sensitivity analyses were conducted to check the robustness of the findings. RESULTS: The average cost of delivering DIALOG+ was €91.11 per participant. DIALOG+ was associated with an incremental health gain of 0.0032 QALYs (95% CI –0.0015, 0.0079), incremental costs of €84.17 (95% CI –8.18, 176.52), and an estimated ICER of €26,347.61. The probability of DIALOG+ being cost-effective against three times the weighted gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for the five participating countries was 18.9%. CONCLUSION: Evidence from the cost-effectiveness analyses in this study suggested that DIALOG+ involved relatively low costs. However, it is not likely to be cost-effective in the five participating countries compared with standard care against a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times the weighted GDP per capita per QALY gained

Clinical profiles of patients colonized or infected with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates: a 20 month retrospective study at a Belgian University Hospital

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Description of the clinical pictures of patients colonized or infected by ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriaceae </it>isolates and admitted to hospital are rather scarce in Europe. However, a better delineation of the clinical patterns associated with the carriage of ESBL-producing isolates may allow healthcare providers to identify more rapidly at risk patients. This matter is of particular concern because of the growing proportion of ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriaceae </it>species isolates worldwide.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We undertook a descriptive analysis of 114 consecutive patients in whom ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriaceae </it>isolates were collected from clinical specimens over a 20-month period. Clinical data were obtained through retrospective analysis of medical record charts. Microbiological cultures were carried out by standard laboratory methods.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriaceae </it>strains after exclusion of duplicate isolates was 4.5% and the incidence rate was 4.3 cases/1000 patients admitted. Healthcare-associated acquisition was important (n = 104) while community-acquisition was less frequently found (n = 10). Among the former group, two-thirds of the patients were aged over 65 years and 24% of these were living in nursing homes. Sixty-eight (65%) of the patients with healthcare-associated ESBL, were considered clinically infected. In this group, the number and severity of co-morbidities was high, particularly including diabetes mellitus and chronic renal insufficiency. Other known risk factors for ESBL colonization or infection such as prior antibiotic exposure, urinary catheter or previous hospitalisation were also often found. The four main diagnostic categories were: urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, septicaemia and intra-abdominal infections. For hospitalized patients, the median hospital length of stay was 23 days and the average mortality rate during hospitalization was 13% (Confidence Interval 95%: 7-19). <it>Escherichia coli</it>, by far, accounted as the most common ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriaceae </it>species (77/114; [68%]) while CTX-M-1 group was by far the most prevalent ESBL enzyme (n = 56).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this retrospective study, the clinical profiles of patients carrying healthcare-associated ESBL-producing <it>Enterobacteriacae </it>is characterized by a high prevalence rate of several major co-morbidities and potential known risk factors. Both, the length of hospital stay and overall hospital mortality rates were particularly high. A prospective case-control matched study should be designed and performed in order to control for possible inclusion bias.</p

Updated European Consensus Statement on diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood that often persists into adulthood and old age. Yet ADHD is currently underdiagnosed and undertreated in many European countries, leading to chronicity of symptoms and impairment, due to lack of, or ineffective treatment, and higher costs of illness. Methods The European Network Adult ADHD and the Section for Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across the Lifespan (NDAL) of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA), aim to increase awareness and knowledge of adult ADHD in and outside Europe. This Updated European Consensus Statement aims to support clinicians with research evidence and clinical experience from 63 experts of European and other countries in which ADHD in adults is recognized and treated. Results Besides reviewing the latest research on prevalence, persistence, genetics and neurobiology of ADHD, three major questions are addressed: (1) What is the clinical picture of ADHD in adults? (2) How should ADHD be properly diagnosed in adults? (3) How should adult ADHDbe effectively treated? Conclusions ADHD often presents as a lifelong impairing condition. The stigma surrounding ADHD, mainly due to lack of knowledge, increases the suffering of patients. Education on the lifespan perspective, diagnostic assessment, and treatment of ADHD must increase for students of general and mental health, and for psychiatry professionals. Instruments for screening and diagnosis of ADHD in adults are available, as are effective evidence-based treatments for ADHD and its negative outcomes. More research is needed on gender differences, and in older adults with ADHD. (c) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.Peer reviewe

монографія

Безпека та довіра 2021 : за результатами досліджень 2013–2021 років, проведених у Харківській області : монографія / [Сердюк О. О., Бугайчук К. Л., Щербакова І. В. та ін.; за заг. ред. Сокуренка В. В.] ; МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ, Наук.-досл. лабораторія з проблем протидії злочинності, Харків. обл. держ. адміністрація, Департамент оборонної, мобілізаційної роботи та взаємодії з правоохоронними органами, Соціолог. асоц. України. – Харків : ХНУВС, 2021. – 184 с. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.32631/sf2021.Презентовано результати досліджень громадської думки мешканців Харкова та Харківської області щодо публічної безпеки й довіри до правоохоронних органів, здійснених Харківським національним університетом внутрішніх справ (науково-дослідною лабораторією з проблем протидії злочинності) спільно із Соціологічною асоціацією України, Харківською обласною державною адміністрацією та Головним управлінням Національної поліції в Харківській області у 2013–2021 роках. Проаналізовано ключові показники ефективності роботи правоохоронних органів Харківщини та проблеми правоохоронної діяльності на місцевому рівні з точки зору громадськості, визначено очікування місцевих мешканців від правоохоронних органів, розглянуто проблеми взаємодії з поліцією. Видання містить емпіричні дані та практичні рекомендації, розраховані на реалізацію конкретних завдань у роботі поліції й інших правоохоронних органів для потреб місцевої громади.The results of public opinion survey of Kharkiv region residents on public safety and trust in law enforcement conducted by Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs (Research Lab on Crime Enforcement) together with the Sociological Association of Ukraine, Kharkiv Regional State Administration and the Main Directorate of the National Police are presented. in the Kharkiv region in 2013–2021. The key indicators of the efficiency of law enforcement agencies of Kharkiv region and the problems of law enforcement activities at the local level from the public point of view are analyzed, the expectations of local residents from law enforcement agencies are determined, the problems of interaction with the police are considered. The publication contains empirical data and practical recommendations designed to implement specific tasks in the work of the police and other law enforcement agencies for the needs of the local community.Представлены результаты исследований общественного мнения жителей Харькова и области относительно публичной безопасности и доверия к правоохранительным органам, осуществленным Харьковским национальным университетом внутренних дел (научно-исследовательской лабораторией по проблемам противодействия преступности) совместно с Социологической ассоциацией Украины, Харьковской областной государственной администрацией и Главным управлением Национальной полиции в Харьковской области в 2013-2021 годах. Проанализированы ключевые показатели эффективности работы правоохранительных органов Харьковщины и проблемы правоохранительной деятельности на местном уровне с точки зрения общественности, определены ожидания местных жителей от правоохранительных органов, рассмотрены проблемы взаимодействия с полицией. Издание содержит эмпирические данные и практические рекомендации, рассчитанные на реализацию конкретных задач в работе полиции и других правоохранительных органов для нужд местного общества

Renewable and sustainable energy challenges to face for the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals

This paper is the editorial for the virtual special issue (VSI) of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (RSER) dedicated to 4 SDEWES Conferences held in 2020, namely: (i) the 2nd Latin American Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (LASDEWES 2020) held from February 9 to 12, 2020 in Buenos Aires, Argentina; (ii) the 1st Asia Pacific Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (APSDEWES 2020) held from April 6 to 9, 2020 in Gold Coast, Australia; (iii) the 4th South East European Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SEESDEWES 2020) held from June 28, 2020 to July 2, 2020 in Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina, and (iv) 15th Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES 2020) held from September 1 to 5, 2020 in Cologne, Germany. The VSI collected both high quality review papers and original research articles presented at the 4 SDEWES conferences in 2020 belonging to the aims and scope of RSER. After a scrutinizing peer review process, 20 articles were accepted and published. These articles fall into four main areas: renewable energy cutting edge technologies, energy storage, energy modelling techniques and, climate and energy policy and impacts. Cross-areas articles belong to this Special Issue covering almost all the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Behavioral parameters for ADHD and normal adults during face recognition and identification of facial emotions.

The objective of this study was to comp are the data from Amsterdam Neuropsychological Test (ANT) and Emotional Continuous Performance Test (ECPT) between ADHD and normal adults. 57 ADHD (mean age = 37.4; SD = 9.29) and 46 healthy (mean age = 25.6; SD = 7.90) subjects were included in the study. ANT was recorded during 10 tasks, whereby only two tasks we re analyzed: Face Recognition (FR) and Identification of Facial Emotions (IFE). The first task consisted of three parts (frontal, profile and upside-down faces) recognizing the unfamiliar faces with varied mapping condition. The second task comprised the re cognition of facial expressions: happy, sad, angry and feared faces. ECPT in troduced by Meier, Müller & Kropotov, was given as a part of stimuli presentation protocol for evoked potentials and was recorded simultaneously with the 19 channel EEG. The ADHD group made more errors, showed a greater response time and larger variability of reaction time than the control group. Accordingly, this group showed more difficulties of dealing with complexity of face and facial expression recognition. In addition, we can say that the decoding of complex visual information, as the decoding of emotional states, is difficult, since the different feelings also have an influence on the visual decoding and decision-making process

Analysis of renewable energy sources and electric vehicle penetration into energy systems predominantly based on lignite

We consider an integration of renewable energy into transport and electricity sectors through vehicle to grid (V2G) technologies for an energy system that is predominantly based on lignite. The national energy system of Macedonia is modeled using EnergyPLAN which integrates energy for electricity, transport and heat, and includes hourly fluctuations in human needs and the environment. We show that electric-vehicles can provide the necessary storage enabling a fully renewable energy profile for Macedonia that can match the country's growing demand for energy. Furthermore, a large penetration of electric vehicles leads to a dramatic reduction of 47% of small particles and other air pollutants generated by car traffic in 2050

Paving the way for the Paris Agreement: Contributions of SDEWES science

Today, coal is responsible for 40% of annual CO2 emissions. At the same time, global warming causes climate changes accompanied with catastrophic meteorological phenomena all over the world. After the 2015 Paris Agriment many countries set ambitious energy policy to reduce the annual greenhouse gas emission. The 2021 UN Climate Change Conference, COP26 - Glasgow, ended with the adoption of a less stringent resolution than some anticipated: countries only agreed to “phase down” rather than “phase out” coal. Is possible the realization of the Paris Agreement after COP-26? For achieving this ambitious targets in such conditions, the support of the multi-disciplinary scientific knowledge is needed. Since 2002 a series of SDEWES Conferences were founded. This paper presents an overview of published researches in special issues of leading journals dedicated to the series SDEWES Conferences, including also the papers in current special issue presented on Conferences held in 2020: 2nd LA SDEWES Conference - Buenos Aires, 1st AP SDEWES Conference - Gold Coast, 4th SEE SDEWES Conference - Sarajevo and 15th SDEWES Conference - Cologne. The focus is on five main fields: (1) energy system analysis; (2) energy savings in the building sector; (3) district heating; (4) electrification of transport and (5) water-energy nexus. Undoubtedly, the researches presented in this special issue as well as in previous ones, will contribute to the achievement of the goals of the Paris Agreement in difficult conditions after COP26