Enhancements onMultiword Extraction and Inclusion of Relevant SingleWords on LocalMaxs

The digital information available to us reproduces itself in an overwhelmingly rapid way. Following advances in Text Mining, this large amount of information can now be processed and understood more swiftly by people. For this purpose, the concept of extracting Relevant Expressions and Keywords from a text becomes an important task. This process consists in retrieving the most important ideas from a document or set of documents, which can be done using statistical and/or linguistic tools, being the first the focus of this work. In order to extract these terminologies using statistical methodologies, one must take advantage of patterns that indicate importance in a word/expression. Relevant Expressions tend to present some singularities, as the words therein, seem to have, for example, high values of cohesion between them, conveying importance. The LocalMaxs is an algorithm that uses this cohesion metric between words to capture meaningful Multi Word Expressions from a text, with an average Precision close to 70%, but it is not able to extract 1-grams (single words). This dissertation aims at improving the performance of this algorithm, as well as including the newly added Relevant Single Words, which is an important factor specially in languages where relevant compound nouns come in long words (i.e. German). These improvements must be made keeping language independence.A informação disponível em forma digital aumenta a uma velocidade estonteante, tornando difícil o seu processamento e acompanhamento. Utilizando técnicas de Text Mining, esta grande quantidade de informação pode ser lida e compreendida de forma mais expedita por Humanos. A extração de Expressões e Termos Relevantes é um processo crucial para a decomposição de um documento ou grupo de documentos, e consiste na recolha dos conceitos mais importantes dos mesmos. Este processo é realizado através da utilização de ferramentas estatísticas (focadas neste trabalho) e/ou linguísticas. Para extrair estas terminologias utilizando métodos estatísticos, têm que ser encontrados padrões que indiquem e apontem para a importância e relevância de uma palavra/ expressão. Expressões Relevantes apresentam várias características que as definem, sendo uma das quais a verificação de altos valores de coesão estatística entre as palavras que as compõem. O algoritmo LocalMaxs utiliza estes valores de coesão entre palavras para extraír Expressões Relevantes de um texto, com uma precisão de aproximadamente 70%. Não consegue, no entanto, extrair 1-gramas (palavras isoladas) Relevantes. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo melhorar a performance na extração de Expressões Relevantes do algoritmo LocalMaxs, bem como criar mecanismos que o permitam extrair 1-gramas relevantes. Estes melhoramentos devem manter o algoritmo independente da língua do texto em análise

Impactos das políticas públicas de turismo e de regularização fundiária em Jericoacoara - Ceará

This article aims to analyze the deployment of public policies relating to tourism and land regularization by the state public power from the 1990s in the Jericoacoara Village. The State of Ceará, aiming to stop or end illegal transactions in land purchase and sale and, at the same time, seeking to guarantee possession to actual owners and to boost tourism in the area, through the Ceará Institute of Agrarian Development (IDACE), initiated the public policy by having Ceará State Law No. 12,760/1997 as a legal basis, whose purpose is regularizing land ownership in Jericoacoara. This action provided investments made in the tourism sector with legal certainty. From the program’s onset to January 11, 2016, 608,228.765 m² of area were distributed.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la implementación de las políticas públicas de turismo y de regularización fundiaria por el poder público del Estado de Ceará a partir de los años 1990 en la Villa de Jericoacoara. El Estado de Ceará, con el objetivo de frenar o acabar con las transacciones ilegales de compra y venta de tierras y, al mismo tiempo, buscando garantizar la propiedad a los reales dueños e impulsar el turismo en el área, a través del Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario de Ceará (IDACE), inició la política pública fundamentada jurídicamente en la Ley del Estado de Ceará No. 12.760/1997, destinada a regularizar las tierras en Jericoacoara. Esta acción otorgó seguridad jurídica a las inversiones realizadas en el sector turístico.Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a implementação das políticas públicas de turismo e de regularização fundiária pelo poder público estadual a partir dos anos 1990 na Vila de Jericoacoara. O Estado do Ceará, visando a frear ou acabar com as transações ilegais de compra e venda de terras e, ao mesmo tempo, buscando garantir a propriedade aos reais posseiros e impulsionar o turismo na área, por meio do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Agrário do Ceará (Idace), iniciou a política pública fundamentada juridicamente na Lei Estadual n. 12.760/1997, destinada a regularizar as terras em Jericoacoara. Essa ação conferiu segurança jurídica aos investimentos realizados no setor turístico

Iberian alpha - infrastructure industry analysis

Convinced that financial markets can comprehensively capture firm-specific and macroeconomic variables that affect securities' risk profiles and stock returns, investors have increasingly relied on factor investing models. However, the analysis of Fama-French's five factors plus Carhart's momentum premium proves that such broadly adopted models are not yet able to adequately explain the variation in average returns of Iberian infrastructure companies operating under concession regimes. Hence, the analysis of A en a and Ferrovial's historical stock performance suggests that practitioners might benefit from integrating infrastructure-specific investment strategies, without disregarding the role that environmental, social and governance practices can play in security valuation

Retraining speech production and fluency in non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia

The non-fluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA) presents with a gradual decline in grammar and motor speech resulting from selective degeneration of speech-language regions in the brain. There has been considerable progress in identifying treatment approaches to remediate language deficits in other primary progressive aphasia variants; however, interventions for the core deficits in nfvPPA have yet to be systematically investigated. Further, the neural mechanisms that support behavioural restitution in the context of neurodegeneration are not well understood. We examined the immediate and long-term benefits of video implemented script training for aphasia (VISTA) in 10 individuals with nfvPPA. The treatment approach involved repeated rehearsal of individualized scripts via structured treatment with a clinician as well as intensive home practice with an audiovisual model using 'speech entrainment'. We evaluated accuracy of script production as well as overall intelligibility and grammaticality for trained and untrained scripts. These measures and standardized test scores were collected at post-treatment and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up visits. Treatment resulted in significant improvement in production of correct, intelligible scripted words for trained topics, a reduction in grammatical errors for trained topics, and an overall increase in intelligibility for trained as well as untrained topics at post-treatment. Follow-up testing revealed maintenance of gains for trained scripts up to 1 year post-treatment on the primary outcome measure. Performance on untrained scripts and standardized tests remained relatively stable during the follow-up period, indicating that treatment helped to stabilize speech and language despite disease progression. To identify neural predictors of responsiveness to intervention, we examined treatment effect sizes relative to grey matter volumes in regions of interest derived from a previously identified speech production network. Regions of significant atrophy within this network included bilateral inferior frontal cortices and supplementary motor area as well as left striatum. Volumes in a left middle/inferior temporal region of interest were significantly correlated with the magnitude of treatment effects. This region, which was relatively spared anatomically in nfvPPA patients, has been implicated in syntactic production as well as visuo-motor facilitation of speech. This is the first group study to document the benefits of behavioural intervention that targets both linguistic and motoric deficits in nfvPPA. Findings indicate that behavioural intervention may result in lasting and generalized improvement of communicative function in individuals with neurodegenerative disease and that the integrity of spared regions within the speech-language network may be an important predictor of treatment response