Advances in the Analysis of Properties Behaviour of Cement-Based Grouts with High Substitution of Cement with Blast Furnace Slags

This article presents a study of the main properties (consistency, workability, leaching, unsoundness, and mechanical properties) of cement grouts prepared with cement replacement by blast furnace slag (GGBS). Mixtures have been analyzed in the absence of additives and reached high replacement percentages. As shown in the different tests presented, the observed evolution of the resistance and workability of the mixtures makes them very interesting for its application. Different types of cement (CEM-I 42.5 and CEM-I 52.5 R) and different water/binder values (1 and 0.67) are used. The results present opportunities for the steel industry by the intensive valorization of slag waste. The reduction of the use of cement in construction is also one of the key aims of this line of research. Results show improvements in the mechanical response with good fresh state properties for substitution percentages up to 70%. It is verified with leaching analysis that these products have less impact on the environmen

How do policy levers shape the quality of a national health system?

Poor quality of care may have a detrimental effect on access and take-up and can become a serious barrier to the universality of health services. This consideration is of particular interest in view of the fact that health systems in many countries must address a growing public-sector deficit and respond to increasing pressures due to COVID-19 and aging population, among other factors. In line with a rapidly emerging literature, we focus on patient satisfaction as a proxy for quality of health care. Drawing on rich longitudinal and cross-sectional data for Spain and multilevel estimation techniques, we show that in addition to individual level differences, policy levers (such as public health spending and the patient-doctor ratio, in particular) exert a considerable influence on the quality of a health care system. Our results suggest that policymakers seeking to enhance the quality of care should be cautious when compromising the level of health resources, and in particular, health personnel, as a response to economic downturns in a sector that traditionally had insufficient human resources in many countries, which have become even more evident in the light of the current health crisis. Additionally, we provide evidence that the increasing reliance on the private health sector may be indicative of inefficiencies in the public system and/or the existence of features of private insurance which are deemed important by patients.Ministerio de Economia Industria y Competitividad, y Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades: PID2019-105688RB-I00 and ECO2015-66553-

Development in Sustainable Concrete with the Replacement of Fume Dust and Slag from the Steel Industry

Nowadays, the reuse of waste is a challenge that every country in the world is facing in order to preserve the planet and introduce a circular economy. The chemical composition of some steel waste suggests that there are potentially appropriate substances for reuse, since this type of slag undergoes a process similar to that of cement in its manufacture. The advantages for the environment are obvious, as it valorises waste that is deposited in landfills. This paper studies the field of stainless steel, because its composition is different from that of carbon steel, and the replacement of cement with material or waste produced in the manufacture of stainless steel in a concrete matrix. This paper presents the results of replacing 25% of cement with material or waste produced in the manufacture of stainless steel in a concrete matrix whose values in the substitutions carried out were around 21% and 25% in terms of increased resistance capacity. These results have been obtained by carrying out tests, in terms of both strength and environmental capacity, allowing us to determine viable applications for the use of steel waste to improve the performance of cement or at least match it

Influence of steel slag type on concrete shrinkage

Building construction and building operations have a massive direct and indirect effect on the environment. Cement-based materials will remain essential to supply the growth of our built environment. Without preventive measures, this necessary demand in cement production will imply a substantial increase in CO2 generation. Reductions in global CO2 emissions due to cement consumption may be achieved by improvements on two main areas: increased use of low CO2 supplementary cementitious materials and a more efficient use of Portland cement clinker in mortars and concretes. The use of ground granulated blast furnace slag in concrete, as cement constituent or as latent hydraulic binder, is a current practice, but information of concrete with ladle furnace slag is more limited. Specific knowledge of the behavior of mixtures with steel slag in relation to certain properties needs to be improved. This paper presents the results of the shrinkage (total and autogenous) of five concrete mixtures, produced with different percentages of two different slags in substitution of cement. The results show that shrinkage of concrete with the two different slags diverges. These different characteristics of the two materials suggest that their use in combination can be useful in optimizing the performance of concrete.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Study of the Suitability of Different Types of Slag and Its Influence on the Quality of Green Grouts Obtained by Partial Replacement of Cement

This paper is part of a research line focused on the reduction of the use of cement in the industry. In this work, the study of work methodologies for the manufacture of green cementitious grout mixtures is studied. Grout is widely used in construction and it requires an important use of raw materials. On the other hand, the steel industry faces the problem of the growing generation of slag wastes due to the increase in steel manufacturing. The green grout aims to achieve the dual objective of reducing the demand for cement and improve the slag waste valorization. Slag is not introduced as an aggregate but through the direct replacement of cement and no additives. The research seeks a product where we can use steel slag intensively, guaranteeing minimum resistance and workability. Results with substitutions between a 25% to 50% and water/cement ratio of 1 are presented. In particular, the suitability of different slags (two Ladle Furnace Slag (LFS) and one Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS)) in the quality of the final product are analyzed. The feasibility of replacing cement with slag and the importance of the origin and pretreatment are highlighted

Otra visión de la formación del alumno universitario: factores de riesgo de Diabetes Mellitus

La formación universitaria debe tener un enfoque de atención integral, no solo académico, por lo que surge la importancia de identificar factores de riesgo de Diabetes Mellitus, situación que afectaría su aprovechamiento académico por ser patología principal de problemas de salud pública en México. Esto permitirá atender a los alumnos en un estilo de vida y prácticas de salud, que promoverán en su vida profesional y en la sociedad. Se presenta un estudio investigativo con enfoque cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y transversal, donde participaron 50 alumnos entre 20 a 23 años; 20% de los alumnos tienen un bajo riesgo de padecer Diabetes Mellitus 2, 42 % poco riesgo, 22% riesgo moderado, 12% alto riesgo, muy alto riesgo 4%. Se requiere una intervención para disminuir riesgos del 40% a través de programas de salud

Coherencia entre principios educativos y metodología en una red de centros

Neste artigo se recorre à análise realizada pelo grupo de pesquisa EMIPE sobre a coerência entre os Princípios Educacionais e Práticas Metodológicas desenvolvidos na sala de aula, em 19 centros educacionais, que trabalham em rede, em um Projeto Comum. Para a análise e acompanhamento da pesquisa, se utilizou uma metodologia qualitativa, cujo desenvolvimento do processo de pesquisa-ação, durou quatro anos. Este processo levou, em primeiro lugar, à descrição, pelos professores de todas as escolas, das estratégias metodológicas aplicadas na sala de aula. Em segundo lugar, à análise dessas estratégias a partir de informações importantes derivadas dos princípios educacionais explicados no Projeto de Educação Institucional. Em terceiro lugar, à implantação denovas estratégias e em quarto lugar, à decisão e explicação de algumas estratégias específicas dos centros da rede. A partir dessa explicação das metodologias coerentes com os princípios educacionais, cada centro se comprometeu em implementar uma inovação de forma sistemática. O processo de análiserealizado nos permitiu constatar coincidências metodológicas em todos os centros, assim como uma especificidade clara e ritmos diferentes em cada umdeles. Como resultado, se formula a necessidade de reflexão contínua e revisão para uniformizar as metodologias que foram selecionadas como coerentes com os princípios educacionais, e conseguir generalizar e institucionalizar as práticas metodológicas comuns a todos os centros da rede

Dialogo, desde las practicas, con Paulo Freire

Este artículo trata del encuentro de sus autoras con la Obra y la persona de Freire, y tiene como objetivo identificar qué planteamientos entraron endiálogo con los suyos, de manera que se convirtieron, a partir del encuentro, en puntos de apoyo importantes a lo largo de su trayectoria profesional. Lasautoras de este artículo, en los años 80 del siglo XX, estaban empeñadas en formular claves que recondujeran un planteamiento educativo, generalizadoen España, que miraba al almacenamiento de aprendizajes, y dirigirlo hacia una enseñanza-aprendizaje que favoreciera el desarrollo del pensamientoy la vinculación de aprendizajes con la vida, en donde el estudiante fuera el protagonista de su propia historia educativa. En su camino, ya se habíanencontrado con las ideas y los planteamientos socioeducativos de Pedro Poveda: la importancia del crecimiento de la persona y cómo educar para comprender la realidad; y más tarde con educadores prestigiosos como Feuerstein y Kolhberg, con la construcción del pensamiento y el crecimiento Moral.En esta búsqueda, sintieron el impulso de sus ideas eje, en su encuentro con Paulo Freire a propósito de su reflexión sobre la práctica, en la necesidad dela pregunta como origen del conocimiento, en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico para la transformación social, desde una comunicación interactivacon los iguales y en el diálogo colaborativo con los otros

Slag Substitution as a Cementing Material in Concrete: Mechanical, Physical and Environmental Properties

A circular economy is a current tenet that must be implemented in the field of construction. That would imply the study of the possibilities of the use of waste generated, for obtaining materials the used in construction as replacements for the raw material used. One of these possibilities is the substitution of the cement by slag, which contributes to the reduction of cement consumption, decreasing CO2 emissions, while solving a waste management problem. In the present paper, di erent types of concrete made by cement substitution with di erent type of slags have been studied in order to evaluate the properties of these materials. Cement is replaced by slag from di erent steel mills, both blast furnace and ladle furnace slag. The percentages of slag substitution by cement are 30%, 40% and 50% by weight. Mechanical, physical and environmental properties have been evaluated. Compressive and flexural strength have been analysed as the main mechanical properties. As far as physical properties go, density and porosity tests were be reported and analysed, and from an environmental point of view, a leachate study was performed. It has been found that some kinds of slag (blast furnace slag) are very suitable as substitutes for cement, providing properties above those of the reference concrete, while other types (ladle furnace slag) could be valid for non-structural applications, contributing in both cases to a circular econom

El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el desarrollo académico de los alumnos universitarios: caso Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia

Los dispositivos, que brindan acceso a Internet, facilitan la comunicación y la información, convertidas en complementos indispensables en la vida de los alumnos, donde su uso contribuye con el aprendizaje y la educación. Se hizo un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal. Instrumento dividido en tres categorías: actitudes, uso y dominio de las tecnologías. La muestra fue de 299 estudiantes. 56% están completamente de acuerdo en que son una herramienta efectiva para el aprendizaje. 50% de acuerdo en que mejorarán la calidad educativa en clase. Un 41% de acuerdo en que son un complemento positivo para los libros, y un 42% a las bases de datos de bibliotecas virtuales y obtener información profesional. 62%, que optimizan el proceso de aprendizaje, y 39% plantean usarlas en lo académico. Las TIC benefician su desarrollo académico