Iodine quantification in food consumed in Portugal: preliminary results

O iodo é um oligoelemento indispensável para a síntese das hormonas da tiroide. A alimentação é a maior fonte natural de iodo. Assim, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a determinação de iodo em alimentos como consumidos e representativos da dieta portuguesa. A metodologia escolhida para a quantificação deste nutriente foi a espectrometria de massa acoplada ao plasma indutivo (ICP-MS). Analisaram-se seis grupos de alimentos: peixes, mariscos e bivalves, leite e derivados, vegetais, fruta e refeições compostas. Os grupos do pescado (peixe, marisco e bivalves) foram os que apresentaram concentrações de iodo mais elevados, com um valor médio de 114 μg/100g. Os laticínios são também uma fonte importante para suprir o aporte diário de iodo (150 μg/dia) apresentado valores médios de 22 μg/100g. Os resultados permitem concluir que em Portugal uma alimentação rica em pescado e lacticínios supre a dose diária recomendada de iodo para um adulto saudável.Iodine is an essential trace element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Food is the largest natural source of iodine. Therefore, the main objective of this work was the determination of iodine in foods as consumed and representative of the Por tuguese diet. The methodology selected for the quantification of this nutrient was inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Six groups of food were analyzed: fish, seafood and shellfish, dairy products, vegetables, fruit and meals. Seafood groups (fish, shellfish and bivalves) showed the highest concentrations of iodine, with an average of 114 μg/100g. Dairy products are also a major source to supply the daily intake of iodine (150 μg/day) presented average values of 22 μg/100g. The results show that in Portugal a diet rich in fish and dairy products supplies the recommended daily intake of iodine for a healthy adult

Auditoría de gestión y efectos en el control interno del área contable en empresas de venta de productos y servicios, Lima 2021

Para el presente estudio titulado “Auditoría de gestión y su efecto en el control interno del área contable en empresas de venta de productos y servicios, Lima 2021”, planteamos como objetivo general, describir los efectos de la auditoría de gestión en el control interno del área contable en empresas de venta de productos y servicios, Lima 2021. La metodología de nuestra investigación es de un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo aplicada, diseño no experimental transversal y de alcance correlacional causal. La muestra que hemos considerado para el estudio estuvo conformada por 23 colaboradores de diferentes empresas. Como técnica de recolección se aplicó la encuesta y al cuestionario, como instrumento; el cual ha sido validado por expertos en el área. Para la prueba de normalidad, se utilizó a Shapiro - Wilk y para evaluar el nivel de correlación, se usó a Rho Spearman. De los resultados, partiendo de la correlación “Auditoría de gestión y control interno”, presentan una relación positiva media ( = 0.74), lo que significa que la auditoría de gestión tiene efecto en el control interno del área contable en empresas de venta de productos y servicio

Didactic methodologies of bioethics in physiotherapy students. Bibliographic review

La fisioterapia, como profesión sanitaria, tiene una perspectiva ética propia derivada del desempeño de sus funciones específicas, con sus particulares problemas y dilemas éticos. Se ha constatado una escasez de contenidos de bioética durante la formación universitaria de la titulación. El objetivo del presente estudio pretende conocer la metodología de la docencia de la bioética en fisioterapia. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica de artículos que incluyan las metodologías docentes empleadas en los estudiantes de fisioterapia. Se incluyen seis artículos para su análisis. Los resultados obtenidos expresan una variabilidad en las metodologías, en las muestras y en las herramientas de valoración. Se detectan simi- litudes en lo que se refiere a docencia en pequeños grupos, la coincidencia temporal de la docencia en bioética con las prácticas clínicas y la utilización de casos clínicos con análisis cualitativo de la narrativa generada por los estudiantes.Physiotherapy, as a health profession, has its own ethical perspective derived from its specific activities, with its particular ethical problems and dilemmas. It has been observed that there is a lack of bioethics content during university training for this degree. Based on this, the objective of this study is to find out the methodology of teaching ethics in physiotherapy. For this purpose, a bibliographic review is made in databases that include the teaching methodologies used in physiotherapy students. Six articles were included for analysis. The results obtained show variability in the methodologies, samples and assessment tools. Al- though similarities are found in terms of teaching in small groups, bioethics teaching and clinical practice are carried out at the same time and the use of clinical cases with qualitative analysis of the narrative generated by the students

Rapid and sustainable self-questionnaire for large-scale psychological screening in pandemic conditions for healthcare workers.

BACKGROUND The pandemic caused by a coronavirus (COVID-19) has shocked healthcare systems worldwide. However, the psychological stressors remain unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a major pandemic on healthcare workers. We hypothesized that exposure to the virus would be the primary cause of psychological stress perceived by healthcare workers. METHODS A national cross-sectional study conducted via an online questionnaire was distributed between April 9 and April 19, 2020 with a non-probabilistic sample technique. A structural equation model (SEM) was built with the variable "exposure to the virus" and the Psychological Stress and Adaptation at work Score (PSAS). "Exposure to the virus" was defined as the combined factors of 'personal-sphere', "work-related stress" and "hospital characteristics." A generalized linear model (GLM) was also tested. RESULTS A total of 2,197 participants filled in the questionnaire and were analyzed. The exploratory factor analysis showed statistically significant variables related to the personal-sphere, work-related stress and the hospital's characteristics, although the confirmatory factor analysis showed only the work-related stress factors to be significant. The GLM showed that personal-sphere-related variables (P < .001), stress at work (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001) were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Physical exposure to the virus is an essential factor that contributes to the psychological impact perceived during the pandemic by healthcare professionals. A combination of personal-sphere variables, work-related stress and hospital characteristics is a significant factor correlating with the degree of stress measured by PSAS, a new and fast instrument to assess stress in healthcare workers

ISGylation controls exosome secretion by promoting lysosomal degradation of MVB proteins

Exosomes are vesicles secreted to the extracellular environment through fusion with the plasma membrane of specific endosomes called multivesicular bodies (MVB) and mediate cell-to-cell communication in many biological processes. Posttranslational modifications are involved in the sorting of specific proteins into exosomes. Here we identify ISGylation as a ubiquitin-like modification that controls exosome release. ISGylation induction decreases MVB numbers and impairs exosome secretion. Using ISG15-knockout mice and mice expressing the enzymatically inactive form of the de-ISGylase USP18, we demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that ISG15 conjugation regulates exosome secretion. ISG15 conjugation triggers MVB co-localization with lysosomes and promotes the aggregation and degradation of MVB proteins. Accordingly, inhibition of lysosomal function or autophagy restores exosome secretion. Specifically, ISGylation of the MVB protein TSG101 induces its aggregation and degradation, being sufficient to impair exosome secretion. These results identify ISGylation as a novel ubiquitin-like modifier in the control of exosome production.We thank Dr K. Knobeloch, Dr A. Garcia-Sastre and Dr M.A. Alonso for providing reagents, and Dr S. Bartlett for assistance with English editing. C.E. is thankful to electron microscopy facility (campus Casanova), CCiT-University of Barcelona. This study was supported by grants SAF2014-55579-R from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, INDISNET-S2011/BMD-2332 from the Comunidad de Madrid, Cardiovascular Network RD12-0042-0056 and PIE13/00041 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER), ERC-2011-AdG 294340-GENTRIS and COST-Action BM1202 to F.S.-M.; grant SAF2014-54623-R, FIS grant PI11/00127 (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III and Ministry of Health of Spain, State secretary of R+D and FEDER/FSE) and Bayer Group Grants4Grants (ID 2013-08-0982) to S.G.; and grant BFU2015-66785-P from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness to C.E.; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MINECO award SEV-2015-0505). C.V.-B. was supported by FPU programme (Spanish Ministry of Education). M. M. is supported by MS14/00219 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III.S

Differentiated thyroid cancer and pregnancy

Introduction and objective: The present review work aims to assess the mutual influence that pregnancy may have on the progression of differentiated thyroid carcinoma as well as the influence that differentiated thyroid carcinoma may have on pregnancy. Synthesis: Thyroid cancer appears frequently in women at reproductive age and during pregnancy. Since the most common presentation is as a thyroid nodule, proper management of this condition constitutes a priority while pregnancy. Thyroid ultrasound and ultrasound-guided FNA are fundamental tools for both correct diagnosis and monitoring thyroid nodules. Also, differentiated thyroid carcinoma can happen during pregnancy in at least three different settings (newly diagnosed, papillary thyroid microcarcinoma under active surveillance, and differentiated thyroid carcinoma previously treated before pregnancy) that must be approached in different ways. Usually, pregnancy does not present any additional risk for the prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Furthermore, differentiated thyroid carcinoma does not appear to have a negative influence on the progression of pregnancy for either the mother or the fetus. The treatment of choice for new-onset carcinomas is surgery, which should be postponed after delivery whenever possible or carried out in the second trimester in the most aggressive cases. Papillary microcarcinomas do not appear to be significantly influenced by pregnancy and do not require special monitoring during gestation. For previously treated carcinomas, pregnancy does not worsen the prognosis in most cases either. Only those classified as having an incomplete structural response require special attention in their follow-up. Treatment with the appropriate doses of levothyroxine to achieve the most appropriate TSH levels for the risk situation is another of the fundamental cornerstones in the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Finally, treatment with I-131, if necessary, is formally contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.Introducción y objetivo: el presente trabajo de revisión pretende valorar la influencia mutua que puedan tener la gestación sobre la progresión del carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides, así como la influencia que el carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides pueda tener sobre la gestación. Síntesis: El cáncer de tiroides aparece con frecuencia en mujeres en edad reproductiva y durante el embarazo. Dado que la presentación más común es en forma de nódulo tiroideo, el manejo adecuado de esta patología constituye una prioridad durante la gestación. La ecografía tiroidea y la PAAF guiada por ecografía son herramientas fundamentales tanto para el correcto diagnóstico como para el seguimiento de los nódulos tiroideos. Además, el carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides puede presentarse durante el embarazo en al menos tres escenarios diferentes (recién diagnosticado, microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides bajo vigilancia activa y carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides tratado previamente antes del embarazo) que deben abordarse de distintas maneras. Por lo general, el embarazo no presenta ningún riesgo adicional para el pronóstico de los carcinomas diferenciados de tiroides. Además, el carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides no parece tener una influencia negativa en la progresión del embarazo ni para la madre ni para el feto. El tratamiento de elección de los carcinomas de nueva aparición es la cirugía, que debe posponerse hasta después del parto siempre que sea posible o realizarse en el segundo trimestre en los casos más agresivos. Los microcarcinomas papilares no parecen estar significativamente influenciados por el embarazo y no requieren un seguimiento especial durante la gestación. Para los carcinomas tratados previamente, el embarazo tampoco empeora el pronóstico en la mayoría de los casos. Solo aquellos clasificados como de respuesta estructural incompleta requieren especial atención en su seguimiento. El tratamiento con las dosis correctas de levotiroxina para conseguir los niveles de TSH más adecuados a la situación de riesgo, constituye otro de los pilares fundamentales en el manejo del carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides. Finalmente, el tratamiento con I-131, si fuera necesario, está formalmente contraindicado durante el embarazo y la lactancia

Acute petrified myocardium associated with meningococcal sepsis in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematous: a fatal case

Acute petrified myocardium associated with septic shock, diagnosed by autopsy has rarely been described. A 15-year-old adolescent male was diagnosed with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. One year later, he was hospitalized with fever, myalgia, headache, arthritis, vomiting, dyspnea and was diagnosed with sepsis secondary to bronchopneumonia and meningitis. Blood culture identified Neisseria meningitidis serogroup Y. Despite antibiotics and intensive therapeutic measures, he died after 29 days of hospitalization. The autopsy revealed necrotic cardiomyocytes with dystrophic calcification and interstitial fibrosis

El Plan de Acción Tutorial en la Facultad de Educación: trabajo colaborativo y acompañamiento tutorial

El trabajo que se presenta está enmarcado en la RED PAT-Educación en la que participa el profesorado que forma parte del Programa de Acción Tutorial (PAT) de la Facultad de Educación, dentro del Programa de REDES de investigación en docencia universitaria del ICE de la Universidad de Alicante. El objetivo es describir el plan de actuación llevado a cabo entre el profesorado participante y las tareas realizadas con el grupo de alumnado tutorado. La metodología utilizada se ha centrado en el trabajo colaborativo entre el profesorado tutor y las sesiones grupales con el alumnado tutorado, así como la creación del blog: http://edupatua.blogspot.com.es/ como recurso didáctico en el desarrollo de las tareas tutoriales, permitiéndonos conocer y analizar las necesidades y demandas del alumnado en este proceso de acompañamiento y desarrollo del PAT. Los primeros resultados obtenidos muestran una serie de fortalezas y debilidades en la implementación del PAT y las posibles propuestas de mejora que son necesarias abordar para el próximo curso