45 research outputs found
Study on trichothecenes, zearalenone and ochratoxin A in Finnish cereals : occurrence and analytical techniques
People with memory illnesses and their spouses as actors in the hybrid care model
Objective: The study analysed how its participants positioned themselves and other people as actors in daily life, and what matters they portrayed as meaningful in seeking and receiving support in daily life.Background: Family care has traditionally played an important role in elder care in Finland. Current policy goals will further increase the importance of family care, yet research on how people with memory illnesses and their spouses perceive care arrangements is scarce. Method: The study drew from theory of relational agency and positioning theory. The data came from semi-structured, in-depth interviews (10) of home-dwelling people diagnosed with a memory illness and their spouses. The intervieweesâ age varied from 62 to 88. The analysis focused on the participantsâ self-descriptions and descriptions of their experiences and actions in relation to informal and formal care arrangements. Results: The participants with a memory illness positioned themselves together with their spouses as a couple, as satisfied service recipients, as active and knowledgeable service users, or even as consumers who critically evaluated social and health care services. People with memory illnesses are capable of expressing their self-reflexive agentic self and adopting different positions to that of a person with dementia. Conclusion: There is need to better acknowledge agency of people with memory illnesses and to develop different data collection and analysis methods that enable them to convey their views
Sairaanhoitajien kokemukset osastofarmasiasta hematologisella vuodeosastolla
OpinnÀytetyömme aiheena oli kuvata sairaanhoitajien kokemuksia osastofarmasiasta hematologisella vuodeosastolla. OpinnÀytetyö on osa Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun ja Helsingin yliopistollisen keskussairaalan (HYKS) SyöpÀkeskuksen hanketta, jonka tarkoituksena on monipuolisesti edistÀÀ syöpÀsairaiden potilaiden hoitoa. Työ toteutettiin yhteistyössÀ HUS Meilahden Kolmiosairaalan hematologisen vuodeosasto 7A:n kanssa.
TÀmÀn opinnÀytetyön tarkoituksena oli kuvata osastofarmasian toiminta hematologisella vuodeosastolla ja sen vaikutus sairaanhoitajien lÀÀkehoidon osaamiseen. Tavoitteena oli, ettÀ työstÀ saatuja tuloksia voidaan hyödyntÀÀ moniammatillisen yhteistyön kehittÀmiseen hoitotyön ja farmasian asiantuntijoiden kesken. LisÀksi tavoitteena oli potilasturvallisuuden edistÀminen.
Toteutimme opinnÀytetyön tutkimuksen laadullisen tutkimuksen menetelmin. Aineiston keruu tapahtui haastattelemalla seitsemÀÀ hematologisen vuodeosasto 7A:n sairaanhoitajia. Haastattelut toteutettiin ryhmÀhaastatteluna kahdessa eri pienryhmÀssÀ. Haastattelu toteutui teemahaastatteluna ja analysoiden sisÀllönanalyysillÀ. Työn teoriapohja koottiin hoitotieteen, farmasian ja lÀÀketieteen aloilta. LisÀksi hyödynsimme aiheesta tehtyjÀ ajantasaisia tutkimuksia.
Tuloksien perusteella osastofarmasian koettiin vaikuttavan positiivisesti potilasturvallisuu-teen. Sairaanhoitajien lÀÀkehoidon osaamiseen osastofarmasia vaikutti sekÀ parantavasti ettÀ heikentÀvÀsti. Parantavia vaikutuksia oli kuitenkin enemmÀn. Osastofarmaseutin ja sairaanhoitajan lÀÀkehoidon toteutus on monipuolista ja haastavaa. Sairaanhoitajilla on monia toiveita osastofarmasian suhteen tulevaisuuden kehittÀmistÀ varten, esimerkiksi farmaseutin osallistuminen potilastyöhön.The subject of our thesis was to describe the experiences that nurses have on the hematologic ward where nurses have access to in ward pharmacy services. Our final project is a part of collective project between Metropolia University of Applied Sciences and Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH) Oncology Center. Our thesis was made in co-operation with the hematologic ward 7A of HUCH Meilahti Triangle Hospital.
The aim of this study was to describe the function of clinical pharmacy services on the hematologic ward and their effect on the nurses skills to effectively medicate clients. The results of this thesis can be used for the improvement of multidisciplinary co-operation between nursing specialists and clinical pharmacy and also for the improvement of patient safety.
This study was conducted by means of qualitative research. The material was collected by means of group interview. The interviews were done in two different small groups. We made a qualitative study with theme interviews and analyzed the data using the method of inductive content analysis.
The results of this thesis showed that in ward clinical pharmacy services effect positively on patient safety. The study also showed that clinical pharmacy services on the ward has both positive and negative impacts on the ability of nurses when it comes to effectively medicating the client, however the results showed that overall there were more positive effects than negative. The ability to provide effective medicine management in the clinical setting is challenging to both the nurses and the clinical pharmacist. During the interviews it was revealed that nurses have a desire to develop the relationship between nurse and clinical pharmacist in the future e.g. taking the pharmacist into the nursing environment to develop the relationship and understanding of the important work that they both do
Työhyvinvointia työstÀ, työyhteisöstÀ ja elÀmÀn tasapainosta : Työhyvinvointiin liitetyt voimavarat ja kuormitustekijÀt sekÀ työhyvinvoinnin edistÀmisen keinot
Muistisairautta sairastavan ikÀÀntyvÀn puolison toimijuus parisuhteessa
TÀssÀ laadullisessa tutkimuksessa selvitimme, miten muistisairautta sairastava ikÀÀntyvÀ puoliso ja hÀnen puoliso-omaishoitajansa kuvaavat muistisairaan puolison toimijuutta parisuhteessa. Analysoimme aineiston sisÀllönanalyysin keinoin. Muodostimme aineistosta neljÀ pÀÀteemaa. Puoliso-omaishoitajat kuvasivat muistisairaan toimijuutta eri tavalla kuin sairastavat itse. Puoliso-omaishoitaja kuvasi muistisairaan puolison toimijuutta touhuamisena, mutta sairastavalla kÀyttÀytymisen taustalla oli huoli kotitöistÀ. Kun muistisairas puoliso havaitsi, ettei kykene tekemÀÀn jotakin, mielenkiinto asiaa kohtaan vÀheni. Puoliso-omaishoitaja nÀki tilanteessa aloitekyvyttömyyttÀ. Parisuhteen yhteisissÀ sosiaalisissa tilanteissa muistisairautta sairastava oli tilanteesta ja ihmisestÀ riippuen aktiivisena toimijana tai aktiivisena tarkkailijana, itse toimintatapansa valiten. Puoliso-omaishoitajan nÀkökulmasta puoliso vetÀytyi syrjÀÀn. Muistisairas puoliso vaikutti myös puoliso-omaishoitajan toimijuuteen vaatimalla lÀsnÀoloa, jolloin tÀmÀ joutui osittain luopumaan omasta toimijuudestaan ja toimimaan puolisonsa ehdoilla. Muistisairauteen sairastuneet ovat aktiivisia toimijoita vuorovaikutuksessa muiden ihmisten kanssa omilla ehdoillaan tilanteesta riippuen. He hakevat toimijuuden jakamista puolisonsa kanssa niissÀ tilanteissa, joissa se on mahdollista, vaikka puoliso-omaishoitajan nÀkökulmasta kyse ei olisi vastavuoroisesta toimijuudesta. Jaettu toimijuus tukee muistisairautta sairastavan puolison yhteisessÀ arjessa selviytymistÀ.
The agency of an ageing spouse with dementia
This qualitative study examines how older spouses and their spouses with dementia describe the agency of a spouse with dementia in the relationship. Four themes were formed from the data. The caregiver spousesâ descriptions of the agency of a spouse with dementia differed from those of the spouse with dementia. From the perspective of a spousal carer, the agency of a person with dementia was described as hustling and bustling, but from the perspective of a spouse with dementia, behind the activity was the worry about doing housework. When a person with dementia found him/herself unable to do something anymore, he/she gave it up or his/her interest waned, while the spousal carer described it as inability to take initiative to act. In social situations shared by the couple, the spouse with dementia was, depending on the situation and the person, either an active actor or active observer without participating in the discussions. A spouse with dementia forced the spousal carer to partially relinquish his/her own agency and to act on the terms of the spouse with dementia and to be always present. Persons with dementia are not just passive targets. Their agency is active in interacting with other people on their own terms, depending on the situation. They actively share their agency with their spouse in situations where it is possible, even if it is not reciprocal from the point of view of the spousal caregiver
Kriittiset tapahtumat perheyritysten omistajajohtajien kokemuksellisen oppimisen taustalla
This study examines the critical incidents behind the experiential learning of family business owner-managers. In Finland, 70 % of employing companies are family businesses, forming the bulk of the Finnish economy. The skills and choices of owner-managers are crucial to the renewal of family businesses. The data of this study consists of ten Finnish owner-managersâ interviews, gathered from three successful family businesses that have undergone business succession. The narratives of significant incidents were identified by using the critical incident technique. Through themes in the narratives, six types of critical incidents were identified related to the support sought and received, internal motivation, conflicts, changes and choices, the engagement of the growth environment and ownership, the balance between family and entrepreneurship, and to the companyâs external operating environment as a challenger and helper. Even though events were positive or negative, they contributed to the growth of managers through experience. This study confirms previous research indicating, that the growth of entrepreneurs occurs more through experiential learning than through formal education. Owner-managers also saw learning through work as an internal motivating factor. This study provides empirical insight into the theory of experiential learning, leader- and adult education, and debate on family businesses.TĂ€ssĂ€ tutkimuksessa selvitetÀÀn, millaisia kriittisiĂ€ tapahtumia voidaan havaita perheyritysten omistajajohtajien kokemuksellisessa oppimisessa. Perheyritysten merkitys maamme taloudelle on suuri, sillĂ€ Suomessa työllistĂ€vistĂ€ yrityksistĂ€ 70 % on perheyrityksiĂ€. Omistajajohtajien osaaminen ja valinnat ovat ratkaisevia perheyritysten uudistamiselle. TĂ€mĂ€n tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu kymmenen suomalaisen omistajajohtajan haastatteluista, jotka kerĂ€ttiin kolmesta menestyneestĂ€, sukupolvenvaihdoksen lĂ€pikĂ€yneestĂ€ perheyrityksestĂ€. MerkittĂ€vistĂ€ tapahtumista kertovat narratiivit tunnistettiin kriittisten tapahtumien menetelmĂ€llĂ€. Narratiiveissa esiintyvien teemojen avulla muodostettiin kuusi kriittisistĂ€ tapahtumista kertovaa tapahtumatyyppiĂ€. Ne kertoivat haetusta ja saadusta tuesta, johtajan sisĂ€istĂ€ motivaatiota vahvistavista tapahtumista, ristiriita-, muutos- ja valintatilanteista, sitouttavasta kasvuympĂ€ristöstĂ€ ja omistajuudesta, perheen ja yrittĂ€jyyden vĂ€lisestĂ€ tasapainoilusta sekĂ€ yrityksen ulkoisen toimintaympĂ€ristön haastavista ja auttavista tapahtumista. Huolimatta siitĂ€, olivatko tapahtumat positiivisia vai negatiivisia, tapahtumat edistivĂ€t johtajana kasvamista kokemuksellisuuden kautta. Tutkimustulokset vahvistavat aiempaa tutkimusta siitĂ€, ettĂ€ yrittĂ€jien tehtĂ€vĂ€ssĂ€ kasvaminen tapahtuu enemmĂ€n kokemuksellisena oppimisena kuin muodollisen koulutuksen kautta. Omistajajohtajat myös kokivat työn kautta oppimisen sisĂ€isenĂ€ motivaatiotekijĂ€nĂ€. TĂ€mĂ€ tutkimus tuottaa empiiristĂ€ tietoa kokemukselliseen oppimiseen liittyvÀÀn teoreettiseen keskusteluun, aikuis- ja johtamiskoulutuksiin sekĂ€ perheyrityskeskusteluun
Assessing the mycotoxicological risk from consumption of complementary foods by infants and young children in Nigeria
This study assessed, for the first time, the mycotoxicological risks from consumption of complementary foods by infants and young children in Nigeria. Molds belonging to Aspergillus aculeatinus, A. flavus, A. luchuensis, A. tubingensis, A. welwitschiae and Geotrichum candidum were recovered from the complementary foods. Twenty-eight major mycotoxins and derivatives, and another 109 microbial metabolites including chloramphenicol (a bacterial metabolite), were quantified in 137 food samples by LC-MS/MS. Aflatoxins and fumonisins co-contaminated 42% of the cereal- and nut-based food samples, at mean concentrations exceeding the EU limits of 0.1 and 200 ÎŒg/kg set for processed baby foods by 300 and six times, respectively. Milk contained mainly beauvericin, chloramphenicol and zearalenone. The trichothecenes, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, were quantified only in infant formula and at levels three times above the EU indicative level of 15 ÎŒg/kg for baby food. Chronic exposure estimate to carcinogenic aflatoxin was high causing low margin of exposure (MOE). Exposures to other mycotoxins either exceeded the established reference values by several fold or revealed low MOEs, pointing to important health risks in this highly vulnerable population. The observed mycotoxin mixtures may further increase risks of adverse health outcomes of exposure; this warrants urgent advocacy and regulatory interventions.</p
Novel effects of the gastrointestinal hormone secretin on cardiac metabolism and renal function
The cardiac benefits of gastrointestinal hormones have been of interest in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore the myocardial and renal effects of the gastrointestinal hormone secretin in the GUTBAT trial (NCT03290846). A placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted on 15 healthy males in fasting conditions, where subjects were blinded to the intervention. Myocardial glucose uptake was measured with [F-18]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-o-glucose ([F-18]FDG) positron emission tomography. Kidney function was measured with [F-18]FDG renal clearance and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Secretin increased myocardial glucose uptake compared with placebo (secretin vs. placebo, means +/- SD, 15.5 +/- 7.4 vs. 9.7 +/- 4.9 gmol/100 g/min, 95% confidence interval (CI) [2.2, 9.4], P = 0.004). Secretin also increased [F-18]FDG renal clearance (44.5 +/- 5.4 vs. 39.5 8.5 mL/min, 95%CI [1.9, 8.1], P = 0.004), and eGFR was significantly increased from baseline after secretin, compared with placebo (17.8 +/- 9.8 vs. 6.0 +/- 5.2 Delta mL/min/1.73 m(2),( ) 95%CI [6.0, 17.6], P = 0.001). Our results implicate that secretin increases heart work and renal filtration, making it an interesting drug candidate for future studies in heart and kidney failure. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Secretin increases myocardial glucose uptake compared with placebo, supporting a previously proposed inotropic effect. Secretin also increased renal filtration rate.Peer reviewe
Risks to human and animal health related to the presence of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated and modified forms in food and feed
Peer reviewedPublisher PD