Influence analysis of capital shopping and local own-source revenue on non-food shopping

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Capital Expenditure and Local Own-Source Revenue (PAD) on Non-food Expenditure of the population; in North Central Timor Regency. Research methodology: This research was a quantitative study that used time series data and located in North Central Timor Regency. Descriptive statistic and Multiple linear regressions   were used as statistic tools. SPSS Version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: The results of this study indicate that PAD has a significant effect on non-food shopping of the population in North Central Timor Regency. Limitations:  This study it only generalized the problem that occurred in North Central Timor Regency Contribution: These findings could be very significant information to North Central Timor Regency. Keywords: Capital Expenditure, Local Own-Revenue, Non-Food Expenditur

A geranylated chalcone with antiplatelet activity from the leaves of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis)

Platelet plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development. Abnormalities in platelet aggregation provokes thromboembolism, eventually leading to death. In Indonesia, breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf is traditionally used to treat CVDs. This study aimed to evaluate the antiplatelet activity of A. altilis leaf extract (AAE) and to identify its active compound. A. altilis leaves were extracted with ethanol, and the antiplatelet activity was assessed using ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The major compound was isolated with column chromatography followed by preparative TLC, and the structure was determined on the basis of UV, MS, IR, and NMR spectra. The binding mode of the active compound to platelet receptors was characterized in in silico study. AAE exhibited an antiplatelet activity (IC50 of 252.23 µg/mL). A geranylated chalcone, 2-geranyl-2ʹ,3,3,4ʹ-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (GTDC) was identified as the antiplatelet compound (IC50 of 9.09 µM). GTDC actions with P2Y12 platelet receptor involving three amino acid residues

Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Puskesmas Oebobo Kota Kupang Tahun 2018

Pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan kegiatan terpadu untuk mengidentifikasi, mencegah dan menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan obat Kepuasan pasien adalah suatu tingkat kepuasan yang timbul sebagai akibat dari kinerja layanan kesehatan yang diperolehnya, setelah pasien membandingkannya dengan apa yang diharapkannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas Oebobo Bulan Maret - April tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan rancangan deskriptif (penelitian survey), jenis penelitian purposive sampling dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian, kemudian dihitung presentase rata-rata tingkat kepuasan pasien dan diklasifikasikan. Analisis data hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti terhadap 345 responden maka diperoleh hasil, tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap variabel kehandalan 84 %, variabel ketanggapan 85 %, variabel keyakinan 86 %, variabel empati 85 % dan variabel penampilan 82 %, sehingga rata-rata Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas Oebobo Kota Kupang Bulan Maret-April Tahun 2018 secara keseluruhan sebesar 84 % dengan klasifikasi kepuasan yaitu sangat puas

Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Sweet Potato Syrup (Ipomea Batatas (L) with Propylene Glycol Variaion

Sweet Potato Leaf (Ipomea Batatas (L) contains flavonoids and polyphenols which play a role in antioxidant activity. Sweet Potato leaf extract is formulated into syrup because it is faster to be absorption compared to solid preparations and more easily to swallow. Sweet potato extract is formulated with variations in the amount of propylene glycol which is 11% (F1), 12% (F2), 13% (F3) and 0% (control). The characteristics of syrup include organoleptic tests, viscosity tests and time of flow were determine and syrup antioxidant activity testing using method 2 , 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Test results showed that all formulas have the same organoleptic properties, which are brown, sweet and slightly bitter. Weak antioxidant activity showed by IC50 and AAI values. IC50 and AAI syrup were 134 ± 19.28, 128 ± 4.04, 115 ± 13.07, and 142 ± 1.5 g / mL and the AAI values were 0.074, 0.078, 0.087 and 0.070, respectively for F1, F2, F3 and control. Statistical analysis with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p> 0.05) showed no significant IC50 differences for the three formulas and control. The increase in propylene glycol affects the viscosity and ease of pouring but not the organoleptic properties while the antioxidant activity is not significantly different from the increase in propylene glycol. It is recommended to do a hedonic test for all three formulas in further research

Pengaruh Perasan Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Keping Darah (Trombosit) Pada Mencit (Mus Musculus L.) Yang diinduksi Natrium Fenitoin

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aede Aegypti. Pepaya (Carice Papaya L.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, dan saponin dan merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat meningkatkan jumlah trombosit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perasan darun pepaya (Carica pepaya) L.) terhadap jumlah traombosit pada mencit (Mus musculus L.) yang diinduksi natrium fenitoin. Metode yang digunakan adalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental di mana dilakukan di dalam laboratorium Farkologi dan Analis Kesehatan. Mencit percobaan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompot perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif diberi aquades, kelompok sediaan uji dengna dosis 1,82 g/KgBB, 2,73 g/KgBB, dan dosis 3,64 g/KgBB. Jumlah trombosit darah diukur pada hari ke-0, 7, dan 14 setelah perlakukan dengan menggunakan alat kamar hitung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perasan daun papaya dnegan dosis 1,82 g/KgBBm 2,73 g/KgBB, dan 3,64 g/KgBB memiliki efek peningkatan jumlah trombosit dengan efek paling tinggi terdapat pada dosis 3,64 g/KgBB yakni dengan peningkatan jumlah trombosit 354.250 sel/mm3

Caloric restriction counteracts age-dependent changes in prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) 3 expression

Caloric restriction remains the most reproducible measure known to extend life span or diminish age-associated changes. Previously, we have described an elevated expression of the prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) 3 with increasing age in mouse and human heart. PHDs modulate the cellular response towards hypoxia by regulating the stability of the α-subunit of the transcriptional activator hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). In the present study we demonstrate that elevated PHD3, but not PHD1 or PHD2, expression is not restricted to the heart but does also occur in rat skeletal muscle and liver. Elevated expression of PHD3 is counteracted by a decrease in caloric intake (40% caloric restriction applied for 6 months) in all three tissues. Age-associated changes in PHD3 expression inversely correlated with the expression of the HIF-target gene macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which has been previously described to be involved in cellular HIF-mediated anti-ageing effects. These data give insight into the molecular consequences of caloric restriction, which influences hypoxia-mediated gene expression via PHD3

Extreme genomic erosion after recurrent demographic bottlenecks in the highly endangered Iberian lynx

Background: Genomic studies of endangered species provide insights into their evolution and demographic history, reveal patterns of genomic erosion that might limit their viability, and offer tools for their effective conservation. The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is the most endangered felid and a unique example of a species on the brink of extinction. Results: We generate the first annotated draft of the Iberian lynx genome and carry out genome-based analyses of lynx demography, evolution, and population genetics. We identify a series of severe population bottlenecks in the history of the Iberian lynx that predate its known demographic decline during the 20th century and have greatly impacted its genome evolution. We observe drastically reduced rates of weak-to-strong substitutions associated with GC-biased gene conversion and increased rates of fixation of transposable elements. We also find multiple signatures of genetic erosion in the two remnant Iberian lynx populations, including a high frequency of potentially deleterious variants and substitutions, as well as the lowest genome-wide genetic diversity reported so far in any species. Conclusions: The genomic features observed in the Iberian lynx genome may hamper short- and long-term viability through reduced fitness and adaptive potential. The knowledge and resources developed in this study will boost the research on felid evolution and conservation genomics and will benefit the ongoing conservation and management of this emblematic species

Analysis of the Fibroblast Growth Factor System Reveals Alterations in a Mouse Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

The monogenetic disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is characterized by a progressive loss of motoneurons leading to muscle weakness and atrophy due to severe reduction of the Survival of Motoneuron (SMN) protein. Several models of SMA show deficits in neurite outgrowth and maintenance of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure. Survival of motoneurons, axonal outgrowth and formation of NMJ is controlled by neurotrophic factors such as the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) system. Besides their classical role as extracellular ligands, some FGFs exert also intracellular functions controlling neuronal differentiation. We have previously shown that intracellular FGF-2 binds to SMN and regulates the number of a subtype of nuclear bodies which are reduced in SMA patients. In the light of these findings, we systematically analyzed the FGF-system comprising five canonical receptors and 22 ligands in a severe mouse model of SMA. In this study, we demonstrate widespread alterations of the FGF-system in both muscle and spinal cord. Importantly, FGF-receptor 1 is upregulated in spinal cord at a pre-symptomatic stage as well as in a mouse motoneuron-like cell-line NSC34 based model of SMA. Consistent with that, phosphorylations of FGFR-downstream targets Akt and ERK are increased. Moreover, ERK hyper-phosphorylation is functionally linked to FGFR-1 as revealed by receptor inhibition experiments. Our study shows that the FGF system is dysregulated at an early stage in SMA and may contribute to the SMA pathogenesis

Mutations in the Neuronal Vesicular SNARE VAMP2 Affect Synaptic Membrane Fusion and Impair Human Neurodevelopment

VAMP2 encodes the vesicular SNARE protein VAMP2 (also called synaptobrevin-2). Together with its partners syntaxin-1A and synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25), VAMP2 mediates fusion of synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitters. VAMP2 is essential for vesicular exocytosis and activity-dependent neurotransmitter release. Here, we report five heterozygous de novo mutations in VAMP2 in unrelated individuals presenting with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by axial hypotonia (which had been present since birth), intellectual disability, and autistic features. In total, we identified two single-amino-acid deletions and three non-synonymous variants affecting conserved residues within the C terminus of the VAMP2 SNARE motif. Affected individuals carrying de novo non-synonymous variants involving the C-terminal region presented a more severe phenotype with additional neurological features, including central visual impairment, hyperkinetic movement disorder, and epilepsy or electroencephalography abnormalities. Reconstituted fusion involving a lipid-mixing assay indicated impairment in vesicle fusion as one of the possible associated disease mechanisms. The genetic synaptopathy caused by VAMP2 de novo mutations highlights the key roles of this gene in human brain development and function