66 research outputs found
Capital de Riesgo como Estímulo a la Innovación: Lecciones para Latinoamérica
El capital de riesgo es un instrumento de financiamiento apropiado para las primeras etapas del ciclo de vida de los emprendimientos innovadores. Sin embargo, la evidencia relativa al papel del capital de riesgo como estímulo de la innovación no es concluyente. En las economías emergentes, el tamaño de este mercado es relativamente pequeño y está poco analizado pero el discurso público tiende a sobreestimar la capacidad de estos fondos como solución a las debilidades de la región en materia de innovación. Este trabajo describe el capital de riesgo, repasa las conclusiones existentes sobre su impacto en la innovación y reflexiona, a partir del caso de México, sobre aquello que cabe esperar del mismo
Interrelación entre riesgo e innovación: percepción del riesgo por gestores de proyectos
Title: Relationship between risk and innovation: Risk perception by project managers
In an environment of uncertainty in the organizations, risk aversion from decision makers can be a rational behaviour, but reduces the ability to obtain innovate and then risk of failure increases. This paper analyses under an exploratory approach, the perception of the risk identified by Mexican innovation project leaders, in multinational companies. The results obtained from thirteen cases indicate that, there is no risk aversion and that the association between a higher level of profitability and greater risk is recognized, but that simple or intuitive methods are often used to manage risk. This highlights the need to train managers and executives with a wide risk and risk management overview, innovation and its relationship
The role of learning orientation in innovation and business performance: a case study in micro, small and medium firms in San Luis Potosi (Mexico)
RESUMEN: Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio empírico en el que se evalúa el papel de la orientación al aprendizaje en el enfoque a la innovación y el desempeño de micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas. Además, se analiza si la edad y el tamaño de la organización influyen en la relación entre aprendizaje e innovación. El método utilizado para la recogida de datos fue el de encuesta a una muestra de 253 empresas de los sectores industria, comercio y servicios en México, en la ciudad de San Luis Potosí. Se estimó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y los hallazgos indican que la orientación al aprendizaje influye de manera positiva sobre el desempeño empresarial y el enfoque a la innovación de las empresas de la muestra. Se observa también que el tamaño de la empresa tiene un efecto positivo sobre el enfoque a la innovación; sin embargo, no se encuentra efecto significativo de la edad de la organización en la innovación. Estas conclusiones contribuyen a incrementar la evidencia sobre capacidades de las empresas de menor tamaño.ABSTRACT: This paper presents the results of an empirical study that evaluates the role of learning orientation in business performance and innovation of micro, small and medium enterprises. In addition, it is analyzed if the age and size of the organization influence the relationship between learning and innovation. The empirical data were drawn from a sample of 253 companies in the industry, commerce and services sectors
in Mexico, in the city of San Luis Potosí. A model of structural equations was estimated and the findings indicate that the learning orientation has a positive influence on performance and innovation orientation of the companies. It is also observed that the size of the company has a positive effect on innovation; however, no significant effect of the age of the organization on innovation is found. These conclusions contribute to increasing the evidence on the capabilities of smaller companies
OPEN NOISE BARRIERS BASED ON SONIC CRYSTALS. ADVANCES IN NOISE CONTROL IN TRANSPORT INFRAESTRUCTURES
[EN] Noise control is an environmental problem of first magnitude nowadays. In this work, we present a new concept of acoustic screen designed to control the specific noise generated by transport infrastructures, based on new materials called sonic crystals. These materials are formed by arrangements of acoustic scatterers in air, and provide a new and different mechanism in the fight against noise from those of the classical screens. This mechanism is usually called multiple scattering and is due to their structuring in addition to their physical properties. Due to the separation between scatterers, these barriers are transparent to air and water allowing a reduction on their foundations. Tests carried out in a wind tunnel show a reduction of 42% in the overturning momentum compared to classical barriers. The acoustical performance of these barriers is shown in this work, explaining the new characteristics provided in the control of noise. Finally, an example of these barriers is presented and classified according to acoustic standardization tests. The acoustic barrier reported in this work provides a high technological solution in the field of noise control.Peiró Torres, MDP.; Redondo Pastor, FJ.; Bravo Plana-Sala, JM.; Sánchez Pérez, JV. (2016). OPEN NOISE BARRIERS BASED ON SONIC CRYSTALS. ADVANCES IN NOISE CONTROL IN TRANSPORT INFRAESTRUCTURES. En XII Congreso de ingeniería del transporte. 7, 8 y 9 de Junio, Valencia (España). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 607-614. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4232OCS60761
Innovación y estrategias de intervención en acoso escolar
Los problemas de convivencia escolar, violencia escolar, bullying y cyberbullying, en los centros españoles son una realidad y, por tanto, es necesario que los futuros docentes cuenten con estrategias específicas para el abordaje de estas situaciones cuando se enfrenten a la realidad de las aulas. En este manual, profesionales del área de la convivencia escolar presentan las actuaciones, programas y herramientas disponibles que en estos momentos se están poniendo en práctica en los centros escolares con resultados positivos. Así, se pretende ampliar el conocimiento teórico-práctico en el ámbito de la convivencia, gestión de conflictos y violencia escolar.EducaciónPsicologí
Effectiveness of Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavaria Nordic Vaccination in a Population at High Risk of Mpox: A Spanish Cohort Study
Background: With over 7,500 cases notified since April 2022, Spain has experienced the highest incidence of mpox in Europe. From July 12th onwards, the Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavaria Nordic (MVA-BN) smallpox vaccine was offered as pre-exposure prophylaxis for individuals at high-risk of mpox, including those receiving pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV (HIV-PrEP). Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of one dose of MVA-BN vaccine as pre-exposure against mpox virus (MPXV) infection in persons on HIV-PrEP. Methods: We conducted a national retrospective cohort study between July 12 and December 12, 2022. Individuals ≥18 years, receiving HIV-PrEP as of July 12 and with no previous MPXV infection or vaccination were eligible. Each day, we matched individuals receiving a first dose of MVA-BN vaccine and unvaccinated controls of the same age group and region. We used a Kaplan-Meier estimator and calculate risk ratios (RR) and vaccine effectiveness (VE = 1-RR). Results: We included 5,660 matched pairs, with a median follow-up of 62 days (interquartile range 24-97). Mpox cumulative incidence was 5.6 per 1,000 (25 cases) in unvaccinated and 3.5 per 1,000 (18 cases) in vaccinated. No effect was found during days 0-6 post-vaccination (VE -38.3; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -332.7; 46.4), but VE was 65% in ≥7 days (95%CI 22.9; 88.0) and 79% in ≥14 days (95%CI 33.3; 100.0) post-vaccination. Conclusions: One dose of MVA-BN vaccine offered protection against mpox in a most-at-risk population shortly after the vaccination. Further studies need to assess the VE of a second dose and the duration of protection over time.S
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption is Inversely Associated with Plasma Saturated Fatty Acids at Baseline in Predimed Plus Trial
I.D.-L. is supported by the [FI_B 00256] from the FI-AGAUR Research Fellowship Program, Generalitat de Catalunya and M.M.-M is supported by the FPU17/00513 grant. a.-H. is supported by the [CD17/00122] grant and S.K.N. is supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship. We also thank all the volunteers for their participation in and the personnel for their contribution to the PREDIMED-Plus trial. This research was funded by CiCYT [AGL2016-75329-R] and CIBEROBN from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, (AEI/FEDER, UE), Generalitat de Catalunya (GC) [2017SGR196]. The PREDIMED-Plus trial was supported by the official Spanish Institutions for funding scientific biomedical research, CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (four coordinated Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias projects lead by J.S.-S. and J.V., including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI14/00972, PI14/00728, PI14/01471, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926 and PI19/00781), the Especial Action Project entitled Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant to J.S.-S., European Research Council (Advanced Research Grant 2014-2019, 340918) to M.a.M.-G., the Recercaixa grant to J.S.-S. (2013ACUP00194), grants from the Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia (PI0458/2013, PS0358/2016, and PI0137/2018), a grant from the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/017), a SEMERGEN grant, Fundacio la Marato de TV3 (PI044003), 2017 SGR 1717 from Generalitat de Catalunya, a CICYT grant provided by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (AGL2016-75329-R), and funds from the European Regional Development Fund (CB06/03 and CB12/03). Food companies Hojiblanca (Lucena, Spain) and Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero (Madrid, Spain) donated extra virgin olive oil, and the Almond Board of California (Modesto, CA, USA), American Pistachio Growers (Fresno, CA, USA), and Paramount Farms (Wonderful Company, LLC, Los Angeles, CA, USA) donated nuts. J.K. was supported by the "FOLIUM" program within the FUTURMed project entitled Talent for the medicine within the future from the Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Illes Balears. This call was co-financed at 50% with charge to the Operational Program FSE 2014-2020 of the Balearic Islands. This work is partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme to J.S.-S.Scope: Plasma fatty acids (FAs) are associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome.
The aim of our study is to assess the relationship between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and plasma FAs and
their subtypes.
Methods and Results: Plasma FAs are assessed in a cross-sectional analysis of a subsample of 240 subjects from the
PREDIMED-Plus study. Participants are categorized into four groups of fruit, vegetable, and fat intake according to the
food frequency questionnaire. Plasma FA analysis is performed using gas chromatography. Associations between FAs
and F&V consumption are adjusted for age, sex, physical activity, bodymass index (BMI), total energy intake, and alcohol
consumption. Plasma saturated FAs are lower in groups with high F&V consumption (-1.20 mg cL−1 [95% CI: [-2.22, -
0.18], p-value = 0.021), especially when fat intake is high (-1.74 mg cL−1 [95% CI: [-3.41, -0.06], p-value = 0.042). Total
FAs and n-6 polyunsaturated FAs tend to be lower in high consumers of F&V only in the high-fat intake groups.
Conclusions: F&V consumption is associated with lower plasma saturated FAs when fat intake is high. These findings
suggest that F&V consumption may have different associations with plasma FAs depending on their subtype and on the
extent of fat intake.Generalitat de Catalunya FI_B 00256Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)Consejo Interinstitucional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CICYT)European Commission AGL2016-75329-RCIBEROBN from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III
ISCIII from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, (AEI/FEDER, UE)Generalitat de Catalunya 2017SGR196CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), through the Fondo de Investigacion para la Salud (FIS)European Commission PI13/00673
PI13/00492
PI13/00272
PI13/01123
PI13/00462
PI13/00233
PI13/02184
PI13/00728
PI13/01090
PI13/01056
PI14/01722
PI14/00636
PI14/00618
PI14/00696
PI14/01206
PI14/01919
PI14/00853
PI14/01374Especial Action Project entitled Implementacion y evaluacion de una intervencion intensiva sobre la actividad fisica Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grantEuropean Research Council (ERC)
European Commission 340918Recercaixa grant 2013ACUP00194Junta de Andalucia PI0458/2013
PS0358/2016
PI0137/2018Generalitat Valenciana
European Commission PROMETEO/2017/017SEMERGEN grant, Fundacio la Marato de TV3 PI044003Generalitat de Catalunya 2017 SGR 1717Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades AGL2016-75329-R"FOLIUM" program within the FUTURMed project within Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio Sanitaria Illes BalearsICREA under the ICREA Academia programmeThe European Regional Development Fund PI17/01347
PI17/00525
PI17/01827
PI17/00532
PI17/00215
PI17/01441
PI17/00508
PI17/01732
PI17/00926
PI19/00781
CB06/03
CB12/03European Commission PI14/00972
PI14/00728
PI14/01471
PI16/00473
PI16/00662
PI16/01873
PI16/01094
PI16/00501
PI16/00533
PI16/00381
PI16/00366
PI16/01522
PI16/01120
PI17/00764
PI17/01183
PI17/00855
FPU17/00513
CD17/0012
Las unidades de deshabituación tabáquica como oportunidad para el diagnóstico de EPOC: el proyecto 1000-200
This study received an unconditional grant from GlaxoSmithKline Laboratories Spain
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