La colección «Plantes De La Province De Grenada» de Pedro del Campo, en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid (España)

CARRASCO, M. A., PEREA, D., ARAGÓN, C. F. & GARCÍA-CAMACHO, R. 2002. La Colección «Plantes de da Province de Grenada» de Pedro del Campo, en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid (España). Bot. Complutensis 26: 93-103. En este trabajo presentamos una colección de plantas con interés histórico hallada en el herbario del Real Colegio Alfonso XII de San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid). Fueron recolectadas en Granada por Pedro del Campo, distribuidas por E. Bourgeau en sus exsiccata de 1852 y utilizadas por Willkomm y Lange para establecer la distribución de las especies en la obra Prodromus florae hispanicae, según consta expresamente en ella. Además, muchos de estos materiales proceden de las localidades clásicas citadas por Boissier.CARRASCO, M. A., PEREA, D., ARAGÓN, C. F. & GARCÍA-CAMACHO, R. 2002. The sets «Plantes de la Province de Grenada» from Pedro del Campo, in the herbarium of Real Colegio Alfonso XII of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid, Spain). Bot. Complutensis 26: 93-103. This paper focuses on a set of plants, found in the Real Colegio Alfonso XII historical herbarium of San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid). These plants which belonged to Pedro del Campo, were distributed in exsiccata by Bourgeau in 1852. The historical importance of these sheets is enhanced as they were used for Willkomm and Lange in order to establish the species corology in the classic Prodromus florae hispanicae, as clearly stated in that work. Furthermore, many of these sheets were collected in the localities cited by Boissier

Stages of curriculum reform in management science programs for sustainability training

Sistematizar las etapas de la reforma curricular en los programas de ciencias administrativas para la formación en sostenibilidad fundamentan el objetivo del artículo. El método establece cinco etapas, estructuradas desde una investigación analítica-documental, propositiva. Los resultados consideran los actores que demandan la renovación del currículo: universidad-empresa-Estado-sociedad. Se concluye sobre la importancia de viabilizar el diseño presentado desde un enfoque integral, como estrategia de fortalecimiento de la formación de profesionales en ciencias administrativas con competencias para impulsar el desarrollo sostenibleSystematizing the stages of the curricular reform in management sciences programs for sustainability training underping the objective of the article. The method establishes five stages, structured from an analytical-documentary, propositional research. The results consider the actors that demand the renewal of the curriculum: university-business-states-society. It is concluded, on the importance of making the design presented viable from an integral approach, as a strategy to strengthen the formation of professionals in administrative sciences with competencies to promote sustainable developmen

Manejo sanitario de pollos de engorde en granjas de Cundinamarca, Colombia

This work was carried out in the department of Cundinamarca, which has an annual relative humidity between 80 and 85%, the average temperature is 24°C sometimes reaching values above 30°C and annual precipitation of 1500 to 2500 mm, the 28 poultry farms with which it was worked, are mainly located in the municipalities of Madrid, Bituima, Villeta, Albán and Cambao. During six months, cleaning and disinfection were carried out on farms where birds 46 to 48 days old were slaughtered and for which it was intended a minimum sanitary period of the farm of 15 days. According to the above points, it was vital to know the health status of the maternal home to establish the animal immunization protocols, and taking into account the conditions of the vaccine, procedures were performed depending on the laboratory specifications. Each farm had a capacity of three to four sheds, where 20,000 to 30,000 birds were housed, for a total of approximately 500,000 in all productions, with vaccination and revaccination cycle if was necessary. For this work a table was established in which the collection of the data was carried out, where the total number of dead birds per day was specified, age, macroscopic findings on farm, among others, with the purpose of elaborating a table of distribution of frequencies and thus be able to establish an epidemiological relationship for each farm, and according to the results recommend a plan of action to improve health programs and therefore their effectiveness, and thus contribute to the improvement of the final product. The protocols of cleaning and disinfection used in the farms producing chickens, are focused on two specific events, the recycling and composting of the bed or its total removal from the shed; if the case was recycled from the bed, the primary purpose was sanitization being the key point the complete disinfection, in particular this process was carried out with the greatest possible rigor. When these processes and prevention methods and sanitary management of the farms were implemented, benefits were obtained in terms of: training of personnel, identification of critical points of contagion, establishment of vaccination plans according to each farm, for which the results of necropsies were important; all these actions and procedures aimed to reduce the intervention of standing animals, in order to avoid stress, decreasing necropsies by 5% in six months.Este trabajo se realizó en el departamento de Cundinamarca, que tiene una humedad relativa anual entre 80 y 85%, la temperatura media es de 24°C alcanzando algunas veces valores superiores a los 30°C y precipitación anual de 1500 a 2500 mm, las 28 producciones avícolas con las cuales se trabajó, se encuentran principalmente ubicadas en los municipios de Madrid, Bituima, Villeta Albán y Cambao. Durante seis meses se llevaron a cabo labores de limpieza y desinfección en granjas donde se sacrificaban aves de 46 a 48 días de edad y para lo cual se destinó un periodo de vacío sanitario de la granja mínimo de 15 días. De acuerdo a los puntos anteriormente expuestos, fue de vital importancia conocer el estatus sanitario de la casa materna para instaurar los protocolos de inmunización animal, y teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de la vacuna, se realizaron procedimientos dependiendo de las especificaciones del laboratorio. Cada granja tenía una capacidad de tres a cuatro galpones, donde se albergaban entre 20.000 a 30.000 aves, para un total aproximado de 500.000 en todas las producciones, con ciclo de vacunación y revacunación si era necesario. Para esta labor se estableció una tabla en la cual se llevó a cabo la recolección de los datos, donde se especificó el número total de aves muertas por día, edad, hallazgos macroscópicos en granja, entre otros, con el fin de elaborar una tabla de distribución de frecuencias y así poder establecer una relación epidemiológica para cada predio, y de acuerdo a los resultados recomendar un plan de acción para mejorar los programas sanitarios y por tanto su efectividad, y así contribuir al mejoramiento del producto final. Los protocolos de limpieza y desinfección utilizados en las fincas productoras de pollos, se focalizan en dos eventos específicos, el reciclado y compostaje de la cama o su retiro total del galpón; si el caso era reciclado de la cama, el fin primordial fue la sanitización siendo el punto clave la completa desinfección, en particular este proceso se llevó a cabo con el mayor rigor posible. Cuando se implementaron estos procesos y métodos de prevención y manejo sanitario de las granjas se obtuvieron beneficios en cuanto a: capacitación de personal, identificación de puntos críticos de contagio, establecimiento de planes de vacunación de acuerdo a cada granja, para lo cual fueron importantes los resultados de las necropsias; todas estas acciones y procedimientos apuntaron a disminuir la intervención de los animales en pie, con el fin de evitar el estrés, disminuyendo en 5% las necropsias en seis meses.Este trabalho foi feito no departamento de Cundinamarca, que tem uma humidade relativa anual entre 80 e 85%, a temperatura média é de 24°C atingindo alguns vezes valores acima de 30°C e precipitação anual de 1500 a 2500 mm, as 28 produções avícolas com as quais é trabalhou, estão localizados principalmente nos municípios de Madrid, Bituima, Villeta Albán e Cambao. Durante seis meses foram realizados trabalhos de limpeza e desinfecção em fazendas onde é sacrificaram aves de 46 a 48 dias de idade e para o qual foi alocado um período de vazio sanitário da fazenda mínimo de 15 dias. De acordo com pontos discutidos anteriormente, foi de vital importancia saber o estado de saúde da casa da mãe para estabelecer os protocolos de imunização animal, e tendo em conta as condições da vacina, foram realizados procedimentos dependendo das especificações do laboratório. Cada fazenda tinha uma capacidade de três a quatro galpões, onde são alojados entre 20.000 a 30.000 aves, com ciclo de vacinação e revacinação se era necessário. Para este trabalho estabeleceu-se uma tabela em a qual foi realizada a recolha de dados, onde foi especificado o número total de aves mortas por dia, idade, achados macroscópicos em fazenda, entre outros, com o fim de fazer uma tabela de distribuição de frequências e assim poder estabelecer uma ligação epidemiológica para cada site, e de acordo com os resultados recomendar um plano de ação para melhorar os programas de saúde e, portanto sua eficácia, e, assim, contribuir para a melhoria do produto final. Os protocolos de limpeza e desinfecção usados em explorações produtoras de galinhas, se concentram em dois eventos específicos, o reciclagem e compostagem da cama ou sua retirada total o galinheiro; se o caso era reciclado da cama, o objetivo principal foi a sanitização sendo o ponto-chave a desinfecção completa, em particular, este processo foi realizado com o máximo rigor possível. Quando foram implementados esses processos e métodos de prevenção foram obtidos benefícios em termos de: treinamento de pessoal, identificação dos pontos críticos de contágio, estabelecimento de planos de vacinação de acordo com cada fazenda, para o cual foram importantes os resultados da necropsia; todas essas ações e procedimentos apontaram para diminuir a intervenção dos animais vivos, com o fim de evitar o stress, diminuindo em 5% as necropsias em seis meses

¿Están satisfechas las personas?; Ellos son los protagonistas; Hacia los servicios centrados en la persona

La Consejería de Asuntos Sociales de la Comunidad de Madrid, como gestora de la Red de Centros de Atención a Personas con Discapacidad Intelectual, promueve la implantación de medidas de satisfacción de personas usuarias de Centros Ocupacionales que generen planes de mejora en la prestación de los servicios. Por este motivo, se lleva a cabo una experiencia piloto de evaluación en cuatro centros ocupacionales de la Red cuyo diseño, proceso y resultados se detallan en este documento. Para cada uno de los centros implicados, ha supuesto un reto la participación en éste proyecto, en el caso de Fundación FAD lo más relevante ha sido el proceso. El trabajo se ha estructurado en seis fases, siendo los grandes protagonistas los usuarios acompañados por sus familiares/tutores y los profesionales.---ABSTRACT---The Consejería of Asuntos Sociales of the Comunidad de Madrid, as the Care Centres for People with Intellectual Disabilities manager, promotes the implementation of measures of satisfaction of users of Occupational Centers generating plans for improvement in the provision of services. For this reason, it conducts a pilot experience of assessment in four occupational centers from the Newtwork whose design, process and results are detailed in this document. For each of the centers involved, has been a challenge participation in this project, in the case of FAD Foundation the most relevant has been the process. The paper is divided into six phases, where the protagonists have been the users accompanied by their families / guardians and professiona

Las fallas de la descentralización administrativa en Colombia : una aproximación desde el concepto de la presencia diferenciada del Estado en el departamento del Chocó entre los periodos 2018 a 2022

Colombia es un Estado social de derecho y como república unitaria descentralizada desde la promulgación de la Constitución Política de 1991, sigue siendo todavía, de cierta manera, una de las asignaturas pendientes en ciertos territorios, específicamente en el departamento del Chocó, una de las zonas con mayor índice de necesidades básicas insatisfechas, así como una de las más golpeadas por la presencia dominante de grupos al margen de la ley en el territorio. De ahí nace esta propuesta de investigación que explora el concepto de presencia diferenciada del Estado, al que atribuye una consecuencia de posible falla en el proceso de descentralización administrativa, la cual propicia una vulneración masiva de derechos humanos fundamentales. Así pues, se analiza la relación entre las fallas de la descentralización administrativa y la presencia diferenciada del Estado en el departamento del Chocó con miras a determinar sus causas y a proponer medidas que sirvan para contrarrestar la situación

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia. Departamento de Antioquia

El siguiente trabajo colaborativo se basa en el diseño de propuestas que integran recursos de afrontamiento psicosociales para intervenir a las personas que han sufrido a causa de la violencia; soportadas en dos experiencias que pretenden analizar los emergentes psicosociales, que surgen del exilio como es la de Nelson, un comerciante que luego de ser víctima de las vacunas y el secuestro por parte de la guerrilla, decide abandonar el país en acompañamiento de su familia, una historia donde se visibiliza a Nelson como un sobreviviente del conflicto armado en Colombia. Asimismo, las estudiantes en formación en el campo de psicología desarrollan preguntas reflexivas, estratégicas y circulares como herramienta para generar conexiones en torno a la experiencia de Nelson, y el impacto familiar a nivel psico-emocional. En paralelo, se analiza el video: Masacre en el Salado. Esta fue perpetrada por las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia y catalogada como una de las más atroces del conflicto armado del país. Se narra la prodigalidad de violencia que impactó a los habitantes del pueblo y el dolor que deja a las familias la pérdida de sus seres queridos, adicionalmente, detalla su experiencia ya que con tan solo 14 años sobrevivió a una violación múltiple que se efectuó durante la masacre; es así como el equipo de estudiantes reflexiona sobre los impactos bio-psico-socio-culturales que vive la comunidad. Como elemento importante del trabajo tenemos el diseño de tres Estrategias Psicosociales que faciliten la potenciación de recursos de afrontamiento en los pobladores del Salado.The following collaborative work is based on the design of proposals that integrate Psychosocial Coping Resources, to intervene people who have suffered suffering due to Violence. Supported in two experiences; the first one analyzes the Psychosocial Emergents, who arise from Exile as Nelson, a merchant who, after being a victim of vaccinations and kidnapping by the guerrilla, decides to leave the country accompanied by his family, a story where Nelson is visible as a survivor of the Armed Conflict in Colombia. Likewise, students in training in the field of psychology develop reflective, strategic and circular questions as a tool to generate connections around Nelson's experience, and the family impact at a psycho-emotional level. In parallel, the video is analyzed: Massacre in El Salado; This was perpetrated by the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia and classified as one of the most atrocious of the country's armed conflict. Yirley Velasco, narrates the prodigality of violence that impacted the inhabitants of the town and the pain that the loss of their loved ones leaves families. Additionally, he details his experience since, at only 14 years old, he survived a multiple rape that took place during the massacre. This is how the student team reflects on the bio-psycho-socio-cultural impacts experienced by the community. Therefore, one of the most important elements of the work is the design of three Psychosocial Strategies that facilitate the empowerment of coping resources in the inhabitants of El Salado

Detection of mild cognitive impairment in people older than 65 years of age and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors (DECRIVAM)

[ENG]Background: Studies centered on the detection of cognitive impairment and its relationship to cardiovascular risk factors in elderly people have gained special relevance in recent years. Knowledge of the cardiovascular risk factors that may be associated to cognitive impairment could be very useful for introducing treatments in early stagesthereby possibly contributing to improve patient quality of life. The present study explores cognitive performance in people over 65 years of age in Salamanca (Spain), with special emphasis on the identification of early symptoms of cognitive impairment, with the purpose of detecting mild cognitive impairment and of studying the relationships between this clinical situation and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods/Design: A longitudinal study is contemplated. The reference population will consist of 420 people over 65 years of age enrolled through randomized sampling stratified by healthcare area, and who previously participated in another study. Measurement: a) Sociodemographic variables; b) Cardiovascular risk factors; c) Comorbidity; d) Functional level for daily life activities; and e) Study of higher cognitive functions based on a neuropsychological battery especially adapted to the evaluation of elderly people. Discussion: We hope that this study will afford objective information on the representative prevalence of cognitive impairment in the population over 65 years of age in Salamanca. We also hope to obtain data on the relationship between cognitive impairment and cardiovascular risk factors in this specific population group. Based on the results obtained, we also will be able to establish the usefulness of some of the screening tests applied during the study, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination and the 7 Minute Screen test. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT0132719

Study on the Acceptability of an ICT Platform for Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment

EhcoBUTLER is an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solution funded by the EuropeanUnion (H2020; ID: 643566)and intended especially for elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to improve their health, independence and quality oflife, particularly at the social level. The purpose of this study is to assess the acceptability of ehcoBUTLER based on a survey deliveredto potential users and actors involved in their care, exploring theirexpectations and preferences, while anticipating the system'sfunctional requirements. The survey was delivered online to 313participants (11% end users, 25% informal caregivers, 48% formalcaregivers and 16% administration/management staff) from eight countries. Participants rated the different functionalities ofehcoBUTLER positively, 86.1% perceiving it as an interesting and useful system. Likewise, they assessed it as a commerciallyattractive product (75.1%). End users expressed a stronger preference for the social module. Nevertheless, they would be ready topay a low monthly price for ehcoBUTLER. Professionals would be willing to pay choosing its functionalities modularly, but theywould also expect it to be funded by the National Health System, centres or businesses. The conclusion is that all participants foundehcoBUTLER interesting, useful and ergonomic. However, to effectively implement it, it is necessary to bridge the digital gap andaddress the issue of insufficient investment in products aimed atolder adults with cognitive impairment. To supplement cognitivetraining systems with social, emotional or entertainment functionalities could improve adherence to their use

A new pharmacogenetic algorithm to predict the most appropriate dosage of acenocoumarol for stable anticoagulation in a mixed Spanish population

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.There is a strong association between genetic polymorphisms and the acenocoumarol dosage requirements. Genotyping the polymorphisms involved in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of acenocoumarol before starting anticoagulant therapy would result in a better quality of life and a more efficient use of healthcare resources. The objective of this study is to develop a new algorithm that includes clinical and genetic variables to predict the most appropriate acenocoumarol dosage for stable anticoagulation in a wide range of patients. We recruited 685 patients from 2 Spanish hospitals and 1 primary healthcare center. We randomly chose 80% of the patients (n = 556), considering an equitable distribution of genotypes to form the generation cohort. The remaining 20% (n = 129) formed the validation cohort. Multiple linear regression was used to generate the algorithm using the acenocoumarol stable dosage as the dependent variable and the clinical and genotypic variables as the independent variables. The variables included in the algorithm were age, weight, amiodarone use, enzyme inducer status, international normalized ratio target range and the presence of CYP2C9∗2 (rs1799853), CYP2C9∗3 (rs1057910), VKORC1 (rs9923231) and CYP4F2 (rs2108622). The coefficient of determination (R2) explained by the algorithm was 52.8% in the generation cohort and 64% in the validation cohort. The following R2 values were evaluated by pathology: atrial fibrillation, 57.4%; valve replacement, 56.3%; and venous thromboembolic disease, 51.5%. When the patients were classified into 3 dosage groups according to the stable dosage (<11 mg/week, 11-21 mg/week, >21 mg/week), the percentage of correctly classified patients was higher in the intermediate group, whereas differences between pharmacogenetic and clinical algorithms increased in the extreme dosage groups. Our algorithm could improve acenocoumarol dosage selection for patients who will begin treatment with this drug, especially in extreme-dosage patients. The predictability of the pharmacogenetic algorithm did not vary significantly between diseases.This study was funded by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI07/0710) and the Andalusian Regional Ministry of Health (Progress and Health Foundation, PI-0717-2013

Barriers to linkage to care in hepatitis C patients with substance use disorders and dual diagnoses, despite centralized management

Hepatitis C virus; Dual diagnosis; Substance use disorderVirus de l'Hepatitis C; Diagnòstic dual; Trastorn per consum de substànciesVirus de la Hepatitis C; Diagnóstico dual; Trastorno por consumo de sustanciasBackground: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) management is a challenge in patients with substance use disorder (SUD). This study aimed to describe an HCV screening and linkage to care program in SUD patients, and analyze the characteristics of this population in relation to HCV infection, particularly the impact of psychiatric comorbidities (dual diagnosis). Methods: This study was a prospective clinical cohort study using a collaborative, multidisciplinary model to offer HCV care (screening, diagnosis, and therapy) to individuals with SUD attending a dedicated hospital clinic. The characteristics of the participants, prevalence of HCV infection, percentage who started therapy, and adherence to treatment were compared according to the patients’ consumption characteristics and presence of dual diagnosis. HCV screening, diagnosis, treatment initiation, and sustained virologic response were analyzed. Results: 528 individuals attended the center (November 2018–June 2019) and 401 (76%) accepted screening. In total, 112 (28%) were anti-HCV-positive and 42 (10%) had detectable HCV RNA, but only 20 of the latter started HCV therapy. Among the 253 (63%) patients with a dual diagnosis, there were no differences in HCV infection prevalence versus patients with SUD alone (p = 0.28). Dual diagnosis did not lead to a higher risk of HCV infection or interfere with linkage to care or treatment. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of dual diagnosis and HCV infection in SUD patients, but dual diagnosis was not associated with an increased risk of acquiring HCV or more complex access to care. Despite use of a multidisciplinary management approach, considerable barriers to HCV care remain in this population that would need more specific focus.This work was supported by AbbVie