Regulación y función de la interacción de la integrina [alfa]4[beta]1 con los dominios HEPII y HEPIII de fibronectina: papel en la reorganización del citoesqueleto y la formación de matrices de fibronectina

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura 13-07-200

Safety Pays for Hispanic Employees, Company Owners, and Extension Professionals Active in Urban Agriculture Industries

The landscape industry and other urban agriculture industries are dangerous, and many of the workers in these industries are Hispanic. The financial, emotional, and social costs of workplace injuries are substantial. Extension personnel, business owners, and all workers benefit when safety trainings are held in Spanish. The impact, benefits, and ease of conducting safety trainings in Spanish for Hispanic workers in urban agriculture industries are discussed

Movilidad sostenible : interdisciplinariedad, articulación conceptual y frentes de investigación

La planificación para la movilidad sostenible requiere de una visión holística y de una aproximación desde diferentes enfoques. Se hace necesario conocer las trayectorias investigadoras y los campos de desarrollo de los que se nutre esta disciplina, con un notable carácter innovador. Para abordar lo anterior de una forma ordenada, en el presente trabajo se desarrolla un análisis bibliométrico mediante una metodología novel. Los resultados revelaron que los conceptos, métodos y experimentos fundamentales que giran en torno a la movilidad sostenible provienen de las ciencias sociales, especialmente de la geografía del transporte, la planificación urbana, la sociología y la psicología. Las áreas temáticas predominantes identificadas fueron las siguientes: planificación estratégica, componente social del transporte y nuevas tecnologías. Entre los principales consensos a los que han llegado las investigaciones analizadas, destaca el hecho de que transformar el sistema de transporte en un modelo sostenible requiere aumentar la accesibilidad y un cambio modal.La planificació per a la mobilitat sostenible demana una visió holística i una aproximació des de diferents enfocaments. És necessari conèixer les trajectòries investigadores i els camps de desenvolupament dels quals es nodreix aquesta disciplina, amb un notable caràcter innovador. Per abordar tot això d'una forma ordenada, en aquest treball es desenvolupa una anàlisi bibliomètrica mitjançant una metodologia novella. Els resultats van revelar que els conceptes, mètodes i experiments fonamentals que giren entorn de la mobilitat sostenible provenen de les ciències socials, especialment de la geografia del transport, la planificació urbana, la sociologia i la psicologia. Les àrees temàtiques predominants identificades van ser les següents: planificació estratègica, component social del transport i noves tecnologies. Entre els principals consensos als quals han arribat les recerques analitzades, destaca el fet que transformar el sistema de transport en un model sostenible requereix augmentar l'accessibilitat i un canvi modal.Planning for sustainable mobility requires a holistic vision and an approach from different perspectives. It is necessary to know the research trajectories and fields of development that nourish this discipline, with its notable innovative character. In order to address this goal methodically, this paper develops a bibliometric analysis using a novel methodology. The results reveal that the fundamental concepts, methods and experiments revolving around sustainable mobility come from the social sciences, especially transport geography, urban planning, sociology and psychology. The predominant thematic areas identified were: strategic planning, the social component of transport, and new technologies. Among the main conclusions reached by the research under analysis was, notably, the fact that transforming the transport system into a sustainable model requires an increase in accessibility and a modal transformation.La planification de la mobilité durable exige une vision globale et une approche sous diffé-rents angles. Il est nécessaire de connaître les trajectoires de recherche et les champs de déve-loppement qui nourrissent cette discipline au caractère innovant notable. Afin de répondre de manière ordonnée à ce qui précède, cet article développe une analyse bibliométrique en utilisant une nouvelle méthodologie. Les résultats ont révélé que les concepts fondamentaux, les méthodes et les expériences tournant autour de la mobilité durable proviennent des sciences sociales, notamment de la géographie des transports, de l'urbanisme, de la sociologie et de la psychologie. Les domaines thématiques prédominants identifiés sont: la planifica-tion stratégique, la composante sociale du transport et les nouvelles technologies. Parmi les principaux consensus dégagés par les recherches analysées, il ressort que la transformation du système de transport en un modèle durable passe par une augmentation de l'accessibilité et par un transfert modal

Análisis bibliométrico de la revista Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo durante el periodo 2007-2012

Introducción: Se realiza un análisis bibliométrico de la revista Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo para conocer los principales indicadores de producción científica en cuanto a visibilidad, tipología documental, autoría, referencias bibliográficas y citas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio bibliométrico transversal y temporal con análisis de tendencias durante el periodo comprendido entre 2007 y 2012. Los datos se obtienen de SciELO y de la propia revista. El tratamiento de datos se realiza mediante un estudio de frecuencias y porcentajes para los datos cualitativos y utilizando medias y desviaciones estándar en el caso de los cuantitativos. Resultados: El número de artículos originales y de revisión se mantienen con datos similares a los del quinquenio anterior. El índice de cooperación, 3 autores por artículo, es similar al descrito en otros trabajos. El número de referencias bibliográficas por artículo aumenta a partir de 2009 y se mantiene estable posteriormente. El porcentaje de artículos procedentes de Latinoamérica supone el 34% de los publicados. Discusión: Se observa un incremento del número de artículos originales del 50% aunque es inferior al descrito en otros estudios. El número de referencias bibliográficas medias por artículo es inferior al máximo recomendado en las normas de publicación de la revista. Durante los últimos años se detecta un fuerte impulso de la revista en lo que se refiere tanto a indicadores cuantitativos como a cualitativos

Challenges in Diabetic Macular Edema Management: An Expert Consensus Report

Purpose: This paper aimed to present daily-practice recommendations for the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients based on available scientific evidence and the clinical experience of the consensus panel. Methods: A group of Spanish retina experts agreed to discuss different aspects related with the clinical management of DME patients. Results: Panel was mainly focused on therapeutic objectives in DME management; defini-tion terms; and role of biomarkers as prognostic and predictive factors to intravitreal treatment response. The panel recommends to start DME treatment as soon as possible in those eyes with a visual acuity less than 20/25 (always according to the retina unit capacity). Naive patient was defined, in a strict manner, as a patient who, up to that moment, had never received any treatment. A refractory DME patient may be defined as the one who did not achieve a complete resolution of the disease, regardless of the treatment administered. Different optical coherence tomography biomarkers, such as disorganization of the retinal inner layers, hyperreflective dots, and cysts, have been identified as prognostic factors. Conclusion: This document has sought to lay down a set of recommendations and to identify key issues that may be useful for the daily management of DME patients

Inter-Individual variability in insulin response after grape pomace supplementation in subjects at high cardiometabolic risk: role of microbiota and miRNA

Scope Dietary polyphenols have shown promising effects in mechanistic and preclinical studies on the regulation of cardiometabolic alterations. Nevertheless, clinical trials have provided contradictory results, with high inter‐individual variability. This study explores the role of gut microbiota and microRNAs (miRNAs) as factors contributing to the inter‐individual variability in polyphenol response. Methods and Results 49 subjects with at least two factors of metabolic syndrome are divided between responders (n = 23) or non‐responders (n = 26), depending on the variation rate in fasting insulin after grape pomace supplementation (6 weeks). The populations of selected fecal bacteria are estimated from fecal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while the microbial‐derived short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are measured in fecal samples by gas chromatography. MicroRNAs are analyzed on a representative sample, followed by targeted miRNA analysis. Responder subjects show significantly lower (p < 0.05) Prevotella and Firmicutes levels, and increased (p < 0.05) miR‐222 levels. Conclusion After evaluating the selected substrates for Prevotella and target genes of miR‐222, these variations suggest that responders are those subjects exhibiting impaired glycaemic control. This study shows that fecal microbiota and miRNA expression may be related to inter‐individual variability in clinical trials with polyphenols

A Multiple Stakeholder Multicriteria Decision Analysis in Diabetic Macular Edema Management: The MULTIDEX‑EMD Study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) offers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defined all of the criteria that could influence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was fitted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value = 15 letters (p value < 0.001), effect duration per administration (p value = 0.008), retinal detachment (p value < 0.001), endophthalmitis (p value = 0.012), myocardial infarction (p value < 0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value = 0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value = 0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value = 0.004), and disability level (p value = 0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment effect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being affordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability

A multiple stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis in diabetic macular edema management: the MULTIDEX‑EMD study

Background The clinical and economic management of retinal diseases has become more complex following the introduction of new intravitreal treatments. Multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) ofers the potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional decision-making tools. Objectives A MCDA to determine the most relevant criteria to decision-making in the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the perspectives of multiple stakeholders in Spain was developed. This MCDA was termed the MULTIDEX-EMD study. Methods Nineteen stakeholders (7 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 5 health authorities and health management experts, 1 psychologist, and 2 patient representatives) participated in this three-phase project. In phase A, an advisory board defned all of the criteria that could infuence DME treatment decision-making. These criteria were then screened using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) (phase B). Next, a multinomial logit model was ftted by applying the backward elimination algorithm (relevant criteria: p value<0.05). Finally, the results were discussed in a deliberative process (phase C). Results Thirty-one criteria were initially defned (phase A) and grouped into 5 categories: efcacy/efectiveness, safety, organizational and economic impact, patient-reported outcomes, and other therapeutic features. The DCE results (phase B) showed that 10 criteria were relevant to the decision-making process for a 50- to 65-year-old DME patient: mean change in best corrected visual acuity (p value<0.001), percentage of patients with an improvement of ≥15 letters (p value<0.001), efect duration per administration (p value=0.008), retinal detachment (p value<0.001), endophthalmitis (p value=0.012), myocardial infarction (p value<0.001), intravitreal hemorrhage (p value=0.021), annual treatment cost per patient (p value=0.001), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (p value=0.004), and disability level (p value=0.021). Conclusions From a multi-stakeholder perspective, the selection of an appropriate treatment for DME patients should guarantee patient safety and maximize the visual acuity improvement and treatment efect duration. It should also contribute to system sustainability by being afordable, it should have a positive impact on HRQoL, and it should prevent disability

α4β1 Integrin/Ligand Interaction Inhibits α5β1-induced Stress Fibers and Focal Adhesions via Down-Regulation of RhoA and Induces Melanoma Cell Migration

We have studied the function of the Hep III fibronectin domain in the cytoskeletal response initiated by alpha5beta1 integrin-mediated adhesion. Melanoma cells formed stress fibers and focal adhesions on the RGD-containing FNIII7–10 fragment. Coimmobilization of FNIII4–5, a fragment spanning Hep III and containing the alpha4beta1 ligand H2 with FNIII7–10, or addition of soluble FNIII4–5 to cells preattached to FNIII7–10, inhibited stress fibers and induced cytoplasmic protrusions. This effect involved alpha4beta1 since: 1) mutations in H2 reverted the inhibition; 2) other alpha4beta1 ligands (CS-1, VCAM-1), an anti-alpha4 mAb, or alpha4 expression in HeLa cells inhibited stress fibers. This activity was apparently cryptic in fibronectin or large fibronectin fragments, but exposed upon proteolytic degradation. Indeed purified peptic fragments containing H2, inhibited stress fibers when mixed with FNIII7–10 or fibronectin. RhoA activation with LPA or transfection with V14RhoA reverted the inhibitory effect and induced stress fibers on FNIII7–10+FNIII4–5. Furthermore, addition of alpha4beta1 ligands to FNIII7–10, down-regulated RhoA and activated p190RhoGAP, which localized to cytoplasmic protrusions. alpha4beta1/ligand interaction induced cell migration, monitored by video microscopy and wound healing assays. These data indicate that alpha4beta1 provides an antagonistic signal to alpha5beta1 by interfering with the RhoA activation pathway and this leads to melanoma cell migration