Financial Analysis of Production Company Batz Czech, Ltd.

Import 22/07/2015Cílem bakalářské práce je zhodnocení finanční situace společnosti Batz Czech, s.r.o. pomocí vybraných metod finanční analýzy za období 2012 - 2014. Bakalářská práce je rozdělena na teoretickou a praktickou část. Teoretická část se věnuje technikám a metodám finanční analýzy. Praktická část se zabývá charakteristikou společnosti a aplikací vybraných ukazatelů a metod společnosti Batz Czech, s.r.o. Zde se čerpá z dat a ze zdrojů společnosti, jako je výkaz zisku a ztráty nebo rozvaha. Nakonec bylo provedeno zhodnocení výsledků finanční analýzy a doporučení, které mohou zlepšit finanční situaci společnosti.The target of this bachelor thesis is to evaluate the financial situation of company BATZ Czech, Ltd. according the special financial indicators for the period of years 2012 to 2014. The bachelor thesis is devided to theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part provides an explanation of applied methods our financial analysis. The practical part introduces the company and shows the results of applied financial indicators in company BATZ Czech, Ltd. There were used internal company informations and sources, for example Income Statement or Balance Sheet. Finally there were provided recommendations, which could help to improve the financial situation of the company.152 - Katedra podnikohospodářskávýborn

Patterns of gene flow and selection across multiple species of Acrocephalus warblers: footprints of parallel selection on the Z chromosome

Background: Understanding the mechanisms and selective forces leading to adaptive radiations and origin of biodiversity is a major goal of evolutionary biology. Acrocephalus warblers are small passerines that underwent an adaptive radiation in the last approximately 10 million years that gave rise to 37 extant species, many of which still hybridize in nature. Acrocephalus warblers have served as model organisms for a wide variety of ecological and behavioral studies, yet our knowledge of mechanisms and selective forces driving their radiation is limited. Here we studied patterns of interspecific gene flow and selection across three European Acrocephalus warblers to get a first insight into mechanisms of radiation of this avian group.Results: We analyzed nucleotide variation at eight nuclear loci in three hybridizing Acrocephalus species with overlapping breeding ranges in Europe. Using an isolation-with-migration model for multiple populations, we found evidence for unidirectional gene flow from A. scirpaceus to A. palustris and from A. palustris to A. dumetorum. Gene flow was higher between genetically more closely related A. scirpaceus and A. palustris than between ecologically more similar A. palustris and A. dumetorum, suggesting that gradual accumulation of intrinsic barriers rather than divergent ecological selection are more efficient in restricting interspecific gene flow in Acrocephalus warblers. Although levels of genetic differentiation between different species pairs were in general not correlated, we found signatures of apparently independent instances of positive selection at the same two Z-linked loci in multiple species.Conclusions: Our study brings the first evidence that gene flow occurred during Acrocephalus radiation and not only between sister species. Interspecific gene flow could thus be an important source of genetic variation in individual Acrocephalus species and could have accelerated adaptive evolution and speciation rate in this avian group by creating novel genetic combinations and new phenotypes. Independent instances of positive selection at the same loci in multiple species indicate an interesting possibility that the same loci might have contributed to reproductive isolation in several speciation events

Znaczenie badania psychiatrycznego w predykcyjnych badaniach genetycznych w kierunku choroby Huntingtona

Background and purpose Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant hereditary neurodegenerative disease with multiplication of CAG triplet in the short arm of chromosome 4, manifested by motor symptoms, cognitive dysfunction progressing to dementia, and various types of neuropsychiatric disorders. The diagnosis of HD is confirmed by a genetic test, which may also be carried out presymptomatically. Material and methods We studied differences in psychiatric examination and psychometric measures among the 52 people at risk of HD, who were recommended to postpone or to continue in the predictive protocol. In addition to the psychiatric examination, we administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-A), the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), and quality of life questionnaire (MANSA). Results People at risk of HD with the recommended test postponement showed lower rate of neuroticism and EPQ-A lie score, higher values on the phobia and the so-called ‘positive symptom distress index’ in SCL-90 and lower quality of life than people at risk of HD with the recommendation to continue. Conclusions Our results indicate that the formalized testing does not bring significant information whereas the clinical psychiatrie examination remains the main decisive factor in the recommendation to perform a predictive genetic test. The motivation of applicants is considered as the most important factor in the decision-making proces.Wstęp i cel pracy Choroba Huntingtona (ChH) jest dziedziczoną autosomalnie dominująco chorobą zwyrodnieniową układu nerwowego ze zwiększoną liczbą powtórzeń trypletów CAG na krótkim ramieniu chromosomu 4. Manifestuje się zaburzeniami ruchowymi, zaburzeniami poznawczymi postępującymi do otępienia oraz rozmaitymi zaburzeniami neuropsychiatrycznymi. Rozpoznanie ChH jest potwierdzane badaniem genetycznym, które może być wykonywane również u osób przed wystąpieniem objawów klinicznych. Materiał i metody Autorzy oceniali różnice w zakresie wyników badania psychiatrycznego i miar psychometrycznych wśród 52 osób zagrożonych rozwojem ChH, u których zalecano kontynuowanie lub odroczenie postępowania zmierzającego do wykonania badania genetycznego. Oprócz badania stanu psychicznego stosowano Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-A), Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) oraz kwestionariusz oceniający jakość życia (MANSA). Wyniki Osoby zagrożone wystąpieniem ChH, u których zalecano odroczenie badania genetycznego, uzyskiwały mniejszą punktację w skali Neurotyzmu i Kłamstw EPQ-A, większą punktację w skali oceny fobii i tzw. dodatniego wskaźnika obciążenia objawami w SCL-90, a także miały gorszą jakość życia niż osoby zagrożone ChH, u których zalecano kontynuowanie procedury zmierzającej do wykonania badania genetycznego. Wnioski Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że sformalizowana ocena nie dostarcza istotnych informacji, podczas gdy kliniczne badanie psychiatryczne pozostaje głównym czynnikiem decydującym o zalecaniu wykonania badania genetycznego. Najważniejszym czynnikiem w podejmowaniu decyzji jest motywacja osób zgłaszających się na badanie

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Specific type of sentence, economic and social aspects and public evaluation

Bakalářská práce se zabývá specifickým výkonem trestu odsouzených matek. Jsou zde popsány právní hlediska, a také ekonomické a sociální determinanty specifického výkonu trestu. V praktické části je proveden dotazníkový výzkum, pomocí něhož je zjišťována reflexe ze strany veřejnosti na výkon trestu odsouzených matek s nezletilými dětmi.The bachelor thesis deals with the specific execution of the sentence of convicted mothers. It describes the legal aspects, economic and social determinants of the specific execution of a sentence. In the practical part, a questionnaire research is conducted, which is used to determine the reflection by the public on the execution of the sentence of convicted mothers with minor children.Fakulta ekonomicko-správníStudentka představila komisi svou bakalářskou práci na téma Specifický výkon trestu, ekonomické a sociální aspekty a hodnocení veřejností. Cílem práce bylo popsat ekonomické a sociální determinanty specifického výkonu trestu a jeho reflexi ze strany veřejnosti prostřednictvím dotazníkového výzkumu. V rámci prezentace studentka popsala cíl, postup a výsledky zpracovaného šetření. Následně byly studentce během rozpravy položeny následující dotazy: Otázka 1. Která položka z výpovědí dotazovaných vás nejvíce překvapila? Otázka 2. Jsou respondenti seznámeni s danou problematikou? Otázka 3. Má vybraný vzorek respondentů vypovídající hodnotu? Studentka položené dotazy zodpověděla.Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

Variabilita hlasu drozda zpěvného \kur{(Turdus philomelos)}

I studied the variability of the species-specific song of the Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) and its vocal mimicry. Individuals were recorded, and the sequences were subsequently analysed. I tested several hypotheses that deal with avian vocal mimicry. In this work, the influence of vegetation structure and abiotic factors on the use of imitated species in Song Thrush voice was also presented

Pathophysiology of non-motor symptoms in basal ganglia involvement

The basal ganglia (BG) are a group of brain nuclei situated deep in the cerebral hemispheres. While BG were primarily associated with motor functions, in recent years there has been an increasing evidence that BG are also significantly involved in a wide range of non-motor functions. This work focused on some of the non-motor symptoms associated with two typical basal ganglia disorders: Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). The first study concerned spatial navigation impairment in patients with HD. Their spatial navigation skills were tested using the Blue Velvet Arena, technique evaluating spatial navigation in real space, capable to selectively differentiate between two components of spatial navigation - allocentric (environment-oriented) and egocentric (self-oriented). Allocentric navigation is linked to hippocampal function, whereas egocentric navigation is usually associated with striatum, a structure predominantly affected in HD. We found that spatial navigation is not significantly affected in the early stages of HD and that in more advanced stages, when spatial navigation is already impaired, there is no significant difference between allocentric and egocentric navigation impairment. We speculate that the striatal involvement does not contribute to the impairment of the..

Interspecific hybridization in Acrocephalus warblers.

Acrocephalus warblers have gone through the adaptive radiation during last severalmillion years, which gave rise to thirty one species occupying mainly Eurasia,Africa and Australia. The majority of species are morphologically very similar,however, they differ in ecological requirements, migration strategy, and song.Interspecific hybridization seems to be quite common among Acrocephaluswarblers, not only between sister species, but also between more distantly relatedtaxa. The main goal of this study was to determine whether this hybridization leadsto gene flow between species and which factors affect the rate of interspecific geneflow. For this purpose we conducted population-genetic analysis in three Europeanspecies of the Acrocephalus warblers of the subgenus Notiocichla: reed warbler (A.scirpaceus), marsh warbler (A. palustris), and blyth's reed warbler (A. dumetorum).Our results based on the analysis of sequence data from eight nuclear loci indicate,that gene flow between the studied species occurs, but only in one direction. Thegene flow is higher between genetically more related species than betweenecologically more similar species. We also estimated that the reed warbler and themarsh warbler diverged approximately 1,1 million years ago. The blyth's warblerand ancestor of the reed and marsh warbler..