Invariant manifolds for singularly perturbed linear functional differential equations

AbstractThe existence of “slow” and “fast” manifolds, and of invariant manifolds approaching the manifold of orbits of the degenerate system, is discussed for singularly perturbed systems of linear retarded functional differential equations (FDE). It is shown that these manifolds exist only in very degenerate situations and, consequently, the geometry of the flow of singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations does not generalize to FDEs

Restrictions on the flows of functional differential equations in neighborhoods of singularities

The paper is a report on the work of Faria and Magalhaes regarding possible restrictions on the flows defined by scalar retarded Functional Differential Equations(FOEs), locally around certain simple singularities, when compared with the possible flows of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with the same singularities

Conceiving a Digital Twin for a Flexible Manufacturing System

Digitization and virtualization represent key factors in the era of Industry 4.0. Digital twins (DT) can certainly contribute to increasing the efficiency of various productive sectors as they can contribute to monitoring, managing, and improvement of a product or process throughout its life cycle. Although several works deal with DTs, there are gaps regarding the use of this technology when a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is used. Existing work, for the most part, is concerned with simulating the progress of manufacturing without providing key production data in real-time. Still, most of the solutions presented in the literature are relatively expensive and may be difficult to implement in most companies, due to their complexity. In this work, the digital twin of an FMS is conceived. The specific module of an ERP (Enterprise Resources Planning) system is used to digitize the physical entity. Production data is entered according to tryouts performed in the FMS. Sensors installed in the main components of the FMS, CNC (computer numerical control) lathe, robotic arm, and pallet conveyor send information in real-time to the digital entity. The results show that simulations using the digital twin present very satisfactory results compared to the physical entity. In time, information such as production rate, queue management, feedstock, equipment, and pallet status can be easily accessed by operators and managers at any time during the production process, confirming the MES (manufacture execution system) efficiency. The low-cost hardware and software used in this work showed its feasibility. The DT created represents the initial step towards designing a metaverse solution for the manufacturing unit in question, which should operate in the near future as a smart and autonomous factory model.Thanks are due to Elkartek 2022 project LANVERSO, and in some sections (simulations) to Basque government university group IT 1573-22

DarkCideS 1.0, a global database for bats in karsts and caves

Tanalgo, Krizler C., Tabora, John Aries G., de Oliveira, Hernani Fernandes Magalhães, Haelewaters, Danny, Beranek, Chad T., Otálora-Ardila, Aída, Bernard, Enrico, Gonçalves, Fernando, Eriksson, Alan, Donnelly, Melissa, González, Joel Monzón, Ramos, Humberto Fernández, Rivas, Alberto Clark, Webala, Paul W., Deleva, Stanimira, Dalhoumi, Ridha, Maula, Jaycelle, Lizarro, Dennis, Aguirre, Luis F., Bouillard, Nils, Quibod, Ma. Niña Regina M., Barros, Jennifer, Turcios-Casco, Manfredo Alejandro, Martínez, Marcio, Ordoñez-Mazier, Diego Iván, Orellana, José Alejandro Soler, Ordoñez-Trejo, Eduardo J., Ordoñez, Danny, Chornelia, Ada, Lu, Jian Mei, Xing, Chen, Baniya, Sanjeev, Muylaert, Renata L., Dias-Silva, Leonardo Henrique, Ruadreo, Nittaya, Hughes, Alice Catherine (2022): DarkCideS 1.0, a global database for bats in karsts and caves. Scientific Data 9 (1): 155, DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01234-4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01234-

Main obstacles in the process of care of inpatients at the internal medicine unit of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre : an observational study

Todos os pacientes atendidos na Emergência do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre de março a maio de 2005 foram acompanhados prospectivamente, buscando verificar suas características epidemiológicas e fatores de retardo de internação, definidos como permanência hospitalar por motivos não clínicos. De 5530 pacientes triados neste período, 389 foram atendidos pelo Serviço de Medicina Interna. Destes, 314 são descritos nesta amostra. A idade mediana dos pacientes internados foi de 64 anos, com predomínio de mulheres. Da população estudada, 80% eram provenientes de Porto Alegre e região metropolitana. Dez condições clínicas crônicas foram a causa de 83% das internações, com neoplasias fora de opção terapêutica , complicações de SIDA e reinternações de pacientes com seqüelas neurológicas de doença cerebrovascular sendo as causas mais freqüentes. Diabete melito e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica corresponderam a 9,2% e 6,4% das internações. Os pacientes portadores de diabete melito e insuficiência cardíaca apresentaram os maiores tempos de espera por internação clínica (54,5 e 46,6 horas). Vinte e cinco por cento dos pacientes com angina do peito, infecção respiratória aguda ou complicações associadas ao diabete melito aguardaram mais de 60 horas por leito de internação A realização de consultorias médicas foi fator de retardo na permanência, com tempo mediano de espera de 48 horas. O maior tempo de espera nos exames subsidiários foi resultado de pendência na liberação de laudos de anatomo-patológicos em biópsias, com mediana de 4,2 dias. Da mesma forma, a mediana da espera pela realização de tomografias computadorizadas foi de 5 dias para crânio, 4,2 dias para abdômen e 3,2 dias para tórax. Entre os dez motivos mais comuns de internação, apenas 21 (6,7%) foram caracterizadas como condições clínicas agudas. Estes achados serviram de embasamento para a reformulação do Serviço de Emergência no HCPA, desencadeando ações gerenciais como a triagem por estratificação de risco, a unidade vascular, foco nos serviços de apoio e estabelecimento de convênio assistencial com hospital secundário de apoio.Patients admitted to the Emergency Division of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre were prospectively followed from March to May 2005. Epidemiological data and risk factor for length of stay were identified, defined as hospital permanency for non-clinical reasons. 5530 patients were submitted to triage in this period. From those, 389 were admitted to the Internal Medicine Division. These sample describes 314 of those. Median age was 64 years, mostly women. Eighty percent were from the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre. Ten chronic clinical conditions responded for 83% of admissions - cancer without therapeutic options, AIDS related complications, readmission of chronically disabled stroke patients with clinical complications were more frequent. Diabetes and COPD accounted for 9,2% and 6,4% of admissions, respectively. Heart failure and diabetes accounted for clinical conditions with larger delay to admission (54,5 and 46,6 hours). Twenty five percent of coronary heart diseases, acute respiratory infections and diabetic subjects waited in the observation room for more than 60 hours. Pathology results were responsible for the longest delay, with median 4,2 days. Tomography scans accounted for 5 days(brain), 4,2 days (abdomen) and 3,2 days(thorax) of delay. Of the ten most frequent reasons for admissions, only 6,7% were caused by acute clinical conditions. These findings embased the reformulation of the Emergency Division at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, with risk stratification according to a severity criteria, vascular unit establishment and referral agreement for a secondary hospital

Withanolides and related steroids

Since the isolation of the first withanolides in the mid-1960s, over 600 new members of this group of compounds have been described, with most from genera of the plant family Solanaceae. The basic structure of withaferin A, a C28 ergostane with a modified side chain forming a δ-lactone between carbons 22 and 26, was considered for many years the basic template for the withanolides. Nowadays, a considerable number of related structures are also considered part of the withanolide class; among them are those containing γ-lactones in the side chain that have come to be at least as common as the δ-lactones. The reduced versions (γ and δ-lactols) are also known. Further structural variations include modified skeletons (including C27 compounds), aromatic rings and additional rings, which may coexist in a single plant species. Seasonal and geographical variations have also been described in the concentration levels and types of withanolides that may occur, especially in the Jaborosa and Salpichroa genera, and biogenetic relationships among those withanolides may be inferred from the structural variations detected. Withania is the parent genus of the withanolides and a special section is devoted to the new structures isolated from species in this genus. Following this, all other new structures are grouped by structural types. Many withanolides have shown a variety of interesting biological activities ranging from antitumor, cytotoxic and potential cancer chemopreventive effects, to feeding deterrence for several insects as well as selective phytotoxicity towards monocotyledoneous and dicotyledoneous species. Trypanocidal, leishmanicidal, antibacterial, and antifungal activities have also been reported. A comprehensive description of the different activities and their significance has been included in this chapter. The final section is devoted to chemotaxonomic implications of withanolide distribution within the Solanaceae. Overall, this chapter covers the advances in the chemistry and biology of withanolides over the last 16 years.Fil: Misico, Rosana Isabel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica (i); ArgentinaFil: Nicotra, V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Oberti, Juan Carlos María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; ArgentinaFil: Barboza, Gloria Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Farmacia; ArgentinaFil: Gil, Roberto Ricardo. University Of Carnegie Mellon; Estados UnidosFil: Burton, Gerardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a la Química Orgánica (i); Argentin

Erratum to: The study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents – ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents

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MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio