Ecological phytochemistry of Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) plants

The Cerrado (the Brazilian savanna) is one of the vegetation formations of great biodiversity in Brazil and it has experienced strong deforestation and fragmentation. The Cerrado must contain at least 12,000 higher plant species.We discuss the ecological relevance of phytochemical studies carried out on plants from the Cerrado, including examples of phytotoxicity, antifungal, insecticidal and antibacterial activities. The results have been classified according to activity and plant family. The most active compounds have been highlighted and other activities are discussed. A large number of complex biochemical interactions occur in this system. However, only a small fraction of the species has been studied from the phytochemical viewpoint to identify the metabolites responsible for these interactions

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Cómo aplicar los beneficios tributarios para el sector petrolero colombiano, en relación con el mejoramiento del medio ambiente

EL presente trabajo de grado el cual lleva como titulo, Cómo Aplicar los Beneficios Tributarios del Sector Petrolero Colombiano, en Relación con el Mejoramiento del Medio Ambiente, corresponde al desarrollado por un grupo de estudiantes de décimo semestre de Contaduría Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales de la Universidad de San Buenaventura sede Bogotá, segundo periodo académico 2005, con el propósito de optar al titulo de Contador Público. Los integrantes que desarrollaron la investigación son Álvaro Peña Núñez, Manuel Felipe Macias Marín y Marco Edwin Peñuela Muñoz, los cuales iniciaron el desarrollo del tema, bajo la dirección del doctor Libardo Laguna Maldonado catedrático de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales. El desarrollo del trabajo se inicia a partir de la presentación del anteproyecto y su posterior aprobación por parte de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales de la Universidad de San Buenaventura sede Bogotá., dando lugar a su culminación como trabajo de Grado

Geometric analysis of the original stands of roman amphitheater in Tarragona: method and results

Despite being a well-known monument, the Roman amphitheatre of Tarragona, which is included in theUNESCO World Heritage List, was only fully studied in the late 1980s. The study was therefore subject tothe archaeological research limitations and specific characteristics of that time, as can be seen in the qual-ity of the site’s planimetry. The general planimetry was basically available for relevant sections at a scaleof 1:100 with sufficient accuracy. However, according to current scientific parameters, this planimetryis clearly inadequate, and cannot be used rigorously to obtain comprehensive architectural knowledge.The technical limitations of the time, and the innate difficulties presented by the monument, meant thatonly a few sections were obtained, specifically two, with a low level of detail. This has led to misinterpre-tations, and consequently to dubious or erroneous conclusions. Therefore, the need for complete metricdocumentation is evident, as this will enable us to correctly analyse the monument. We have obtainedmetric documentation by carrying out a topographic survey using digital photogrammetry, which pro-vides us with more information than merely measurements. We can use the three-dimensional modelthat was generated to analyse the sections of the stands and draw conclusions about their geometry.Peer Reviewe

Geometric Analysis of the original stands of Roman Amphitheater in Tarragona: Method and Results

Despite being a well-known monument, the Roman amphitheatre of Tarragona, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, was only fully studied in the late 1980s. The study was therefore subject to the archaeological research limitations and specific characteristics of that time, as can be seen in the quality of the site's planimetry. The general planimetry was basically available for relevant sections at a scale of 1:100 with sufficient accuracy. However, according to current scientific parameters, this planimetry is clearly inadequate, and cannot be used rigorously to obtain comprehensive architectural knowledge. The technical limitations of the time, and the innate difficulties presented by the monument, meant that only a few sections were obtained, specifically two, with a low level of detail. This has led to misinterpretations, and consequently to dubious or erroneous conclusions. Therefore, the need for complete metric documentation is evident, as this will enable us to correctly analyse the monument. We have obtained metric documentation by carrying out a topographic survey using digital photogrammetry, which provides us with more information than merely measurements. We can use the three-dimensional model that was generated to analyse the sections of the stands and draw conclusions about their geometry

Anemias hemolíticas inmunes por anticuerpos calientes

Introducción: Las anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes (AHAI) son resultado de la reducción de la vida del eritrocito por mecanismos inmunológicos e incremento de la hemólisis, que en condiciones normales es de 1%. No siempre se presenta un cuadro anémico, ya que la médula ósea tiene la capacidad de aumentar la producción de eritrocitos logrando compensar la destrucción; el resultado es un estado hemolítico sin anemia. Objetivo: Determinar las anemias hemolíticas inmunes por anticuerpos calientes. Metodologia: Se realizó una revisión de los principales  artículos más recientes publicados en las  revistas PUBMED, SCIELO, MEDIGRAPHIC, SCIENCEDIRECT DIALNET, SCHOLAR ACADEMIC, para lograr una guía práctica del estudio de las anemias inmunes por anticuerpo caliente. Se mantuvo un análisis de revisión narrativa donde se indicó las diferentes pautas y conocimiento claro sobre las anemias inmunes por anticuerpos calientes. Resultados: Se identificaron diferentes parámetros relacionados con las anemias hemolíticos inmunes por anticuerpos calientes, se planteó que existe una incidencia anual de 1/35.000 - 1/80.000 en América del Norte y Europa occidental, datos que fueron obtenidos de fuentes confiables y por diferentes enfermedades que la producen. Conclusión: El conocimiento de las causas de anemia hemolítica autoinmune permite una comprensión clara de su clasificación y contribuye de manera decisiva, en la decisión terapéutica. Los actuales protocolos para el tratamiento incluyen una nueva generación de anticuerpos contra tipos particulares de linfocitos T y otros marcadores, como los factores del sistema del complemento

Terrestrial laser scanner for the formal assessment of a roman-medieval structure—The Cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (Spain)

The use of massive data capture techniques in architectural heritage has enhanced the development of new methodologies that have an important impact on their conservation and understanding. The research proposes the study of formal anomalies in the cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (c. 12th century). It is a relevant Gothic construction in Catalonia, with the special singularity that part of its structure is raised over an important pre-existing Roman wall. The investigation is based on a point cloud obtained with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and the systematization of the 3D analysis methodology of the point cloud through different reference shapes. In general terms, the construction is in good condition, so the discrepancies between real construction and the shapes of reference are small, with some exceptions. Nevertheless, the different approximations used allowed us to identify some relevant features, such as the variability of the form of rib vaults, and the influence of the criteria used in the definition and location of reference forms.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Terrestrial Laser Scanner for the formal assessment of a Roman-Medieval structure. The cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (Spain)

The use of massive data capture techniques in architectural heritage has enhanced the development of new methodologies that have an important impact on their conservation and understanding. The research proposes the study of formal anomalies in the cloister of the Cathedral of Tarragona (c. 12th century). It is a relevant Gothic construction in Catalonia, with the special singularity that part of its structure is raised over an important pre-existing Roman wall. The investigation is based on a point cloud obtained with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and the systematization of the 3D analysis methodology of the point cloud through different reference shapes. In general terms, the construction is in good condition, so the discrepancies between real construction and the shapes of reference are small, with some exceptions. Nevertheless, the different approximations used allowed us to identify some relevant features, such as the variability of the form of rib vaults, and the influence of the criteria used in the definition and location of reference forms